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Deshmukh M, Hu Z, Mohammad M, Jin T. Utilization of In Vivo Imaging System to Study Staphylococcal Sepsis and Septic Arthritis Progression in Mouse Model. Pathogens 2024; 13:652. [PMID: 39204252 PMCID: PMC11357683 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus [S. aureus] is a leading cause of sepsis and septic arthritis, conditions that pose significant medical challenges due to their high mortality and morbidity. No studies have used an in vivo imaging system [IVIS] to monitor S. aureus sepsis and septic arthritis. Here, we employed a bioluminescent reporter strain of S. aureus, Newman AH5016, administered intravenously to induce sepsis and intra-articularly to induce local septic arthritis in mice. Disease progression was monitored using IVIS to capture bioluminescent signals from kidneys, joints, and whole mice. Cytokines in the blood and joints were measured. The efficacy of cloxacillin treatment was evaluated. In the sepsis model, bioluminescent signals from kidneys, but not from whole mice, were correlated with kidney bacterial load and abscess formation. Ex vivo kidney imaging detected increased bacterial load and abscess formation from day 3 to day 10. Antibiotic treatment significantly reduced kidney signals, correlating with decreased bacterial counts and IL-6 levels, indicating effective infection control. In the local infection model, early-phase bioluminescent signals from joints were correlated with macroscopic arthritis and bacterial burden. Thus, signal detection from kidneys using IVIS is useful for monitoring S. aureus sepsis and assessing antibiotic efficacy, though it may only be effective for early-phase monitoring of local septic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghshree Deshmukh
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.D.); (Z.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.D.); (Z.H.); (M.M.)
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Majd Mohammad
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.D.); (Z.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.D.); (Z.H.); (M.M.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ammanath AV, Matsuo M, Wang H, Kraus F, Bleisch A, Peslalz P, Mohammad M, Deshmukh M, Grießhammer A, Purkayastha M, Vorbach A, Macek B, Brötz-Oesterhelt H, Maier L, Kretschmer D, Peschel A, Jin T, Plietker B, Götz F. Antimicrobial Evaluation of Two Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Compounds: PPAP23 and PPAP53. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8023. [PMID: 39125595 PMCID: PMC11312133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) comprise a large group of compounds of mostly plant origin. The best-known compound is hyperforin from St. John's wort with its antidepressant, antitumor and antimicrobial properties. The chemical synthesis of PPAP variants allows the generation of compounds with improved activity and compatibility. Here, we studied the antimicrobial activity of two synthetic PPAP-derivatives, the water-insoluble PPAP23 and the water-soluble sodium salt PPAP53. In vitro, both compounds exhibited good activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Both compounds had no adverse effects on Galleria mellonella wax moth larvae. However, they were unable to protect the larvae from infection with S. aureus because components of the larval coelom neutralized the antimicrobial activity; a similar effect was also seen with serum albumin. In silico docking studies with PPAP53 revealed that it binds to the F1 pocket of human serum albumin with a binding energy of -7.5 kcal/mol. In an infection model of septic arthritis, PPAP23 decreased the formation of abscesses and S. aureus load in kidneys; in a mouse skin abscess model, topical treatment with PPAP53 reduced S. aureus counts. Both PPAPs were active against anaerobic Gram-positive gut bacteria such as neurotransmitter-producing Clostridium, Enterococcus or Ruminococcus species. Based on these results, we foresee possible applications in the decolonization of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Viswanathan Ammanath
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Miki Matsuo
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank Kraus
- Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany (P.P.)
| | - Anton Bleisch
- Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany (P.P.)
| | - Philipp Peslalz
- Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany (P.P.)
| | - Majd Mohammad
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Meghshree Deshmukh
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Anne Grießhammer
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Moushumi Purkayastha
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vorbach
- Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Boris Macek
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Quantitative Proteomics, Proteome Center Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Lisa Maier
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Kretschmer
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peschel
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany (P.P.)
| | - Friedrich Götz
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2124 ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’ (CMFI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Staphylococcus aureus lipoproteins promote abscess formation in mice, shielding bacteria from immune killing. Commun Biol 2021; 4:432. [PMID: 33785850 PMCID: PMC8010101 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01947-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite being a major bacterial factor in alerting the human immune system, the role of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) lipoproteins (Lpp) in skin infections remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that subcutaneous injection of S. aureus Lpp led to infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages and induced skin lesions in mice. Lipid-moiety of S. aureus Lpp and host TLR2 was responsible for such effect. Lpp-deficient S. aureus strains exhibited smaller lesion size and reduced bacterial loads than their parental strains; the altered phenotype in bacterial loads was TLR2-independent. Lpp expression in skin infections contributed to imbalanced local hemostasis toward hypercoagulable state. Depletion of leukocytes or fibrinogen abrogated the effects induced by Lpp in terms of skin lesions and bacterial burden. Our data suggest that S. aureus Lpp induce skin inflammation and promote abscess formation that protects bacteria from innate immune killing. This suggests an intriguing bacterial immune evasion mechanism. Mohammad et al. show that subcutaneous injection of Staphylococcus aureus lipoproteins (Lpp) leads to the infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, inducing skin lesions in mice. They find that S. aureus Lpp promotes abscess formation, which protects bacteria from innate immune killing, suggesting an intriguing bacterial immune evasion mechanism.
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Bacteria and Host Interplay in Staphylococcus aureus Septic Arthritis and Sepsis. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020158. [PMID: 33546401 PMCID: PMC7913561 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections are a major healthcare challenge and new treatment alternatives are needed. S. aureus septic arthritis, a debilitating joint disease, causes permanent joint dysfunction in almost 50% of the patients. S. aureus bacteremia is associated with higher mortalities than bacteremia caused by most other microbes and can develop to severe sepsis and death. The key to new therapies is understanding the interplay between bacterial virulence factors and host immune response, which decides the disease outcome. S. aureus produces numerous virulence factors that facilitate bacterial dissemination, invasion into joint cavity, and cause septic arthritis. Monocytes, activated by several components of S. aureus such as lipoproteins, are responsible for bone destructions. In S. aureus sepsis, cytokine storm induced by S. aureus components leads to the hyperinflammatory status, DIC, multiple organ failure, and later death. The immune suppressive therapies at the very early time point might be protective. However, the timing of treatment is crucial, as late treatment may aggravate the immune paralysis and lead to uncontrolled infection and death.
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Dutta P, Bishayi B. Neutralization of TNF-α and IL-1β Regulates CXCL8 Production through CXCL8/CXCR1 Axis in Macrophages during Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:700-725. [PMID: 32602757 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1787436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cytokine therapy is widely acknowledged as an anti-inflammatory technique to treat varied infectious diseases. TNF-α and IL-1β are major cytokines that regulate every aspect of the inflammatory process. However, the effects of single or dual cytokine neutralization on S. aureus mediated CXCL8 secretion and CXCR1 expression in murine peritoneal macrophages remained noninvestigated. Thus we aimed to explore the effects of kinetic-dose dependent neutralization of TNF-α and IL-1β using specific anti-cytokine antibodies and its influential impact on the CXCL8/CXCR1 axis at different stages of S. aureus (30, 60, and 90 min) infection. The murine peritoneal macrophages were isolated and infected with viable S. aureus followed by subsequent addition of anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-1β into the medium. The treated cells were centrifuged and lysate and supernatant collected for various experiments. The ROS generation was measured and cytokine production was estimated by ELISA. The expression of TNFR1, IL-1R, CXCR1, signaling molecules (NF-κB and JNK) were evaluated by Western blot. The role of single or dual cytokine neutralization on intracellular bacterial phagocytosis had also been analyzed by confocal microscopy. Dual cytokine neutralization significantly suppressed ROS, cytokines, CXCL8 secretion, and intracellular bacterial count compared to single cytokine neutralization and it was more apparent at 90 min post S. aureus infection. There was a drastic reduction in TNFR1, IL-1R, and CXCR1 expression on macrophage surface due to reduced expression of downstream signaling molecules, NF-κB and JNK. Hence dual cytokine neutralization was more effectual compared to single cytokine neutralization in the downregulation of S. aureus induced CXCR1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Dutta
- Department of Physiology, Immunology laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India
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Na M, Mohammad M, Fei Y, Wang W, Holdfeldt A, Forsman H, Ali A, Pullerits R, Jin T. Lack of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Leads to Less Severe Staphylococcal Skin Infection but More Skin Abscesses and Prolonged Wound Healing. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:791-800. [PMID: 29329449 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) ameliorates several infections including Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. We sought to investigate the role of RAGE in staphylococcal skin infection in mice. Methods Wild-type (WT) and RAGE deficient (RAGE-/-) mice were subcutaneously inoculated with S. aureus SH1000 strain in abscess-forming dose or necrotic dose. Clinical signs of dermatitis, along with histopathological changes, were compared between the groups. Results The skin lesion size was smaller in RAGE-/- mice. Infected RAGE-/- mice expressed lower proinflammatory cytokines in local skins compared to control mice. Low dose of bacteria caused more abscess formation in RAGE-/- mice compared to skin necrosis that was more often observed in WT mice. As a result of more abscess formation, the wound healing was prolonged in RAGE-/- mice. Importantly, RAGE-/- mice had lower bacterial loads in the skin than controls, which is correlated with higher local levels of myeloperoxidase before skin infection. In vitro, enhanced phagocytic capacity of neutrophils and macrophages obtained from RAGE-/- mice compared to control mice was observed. Conclusions RAGE deficiency up-regulates phagocytic capacity of phagocytes, resulting in lower bacterial burden in local skin and milder skin lesions in mice with staphylococcal skin infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Na
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Majd Mohammad
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ying Fei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of GuiZhou Medical University, China
| | - Wanzhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - André Holdfeldt
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Abukar Ali
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rille Pullerits
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
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Shen F, Verma AH, Volk A, Jones B, Coleman BM, Loza MJ, Malaviya R, Moore B, Weinstock D, Elloso MM, Gaffen SL, Ort T. Combined Blockade of TNF-α and IL-17A Alleviates Progression of Collagen-Induced Arthritis without Causing Serious Infections in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2017-2026. [PMID: 30745461 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cytokines TNF-α and IL-17A are elevated in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. Both cytokines are targets of several biologic drugs used in the clinic, but unfortunately many patients are refractory to these therapies. IL-17A and TNF-α are known to mediate signaling synergistically to drive expression of inflammatory genes. Hence, combined blockade of TNF-α and IL-17A represents an attractive treatment strategy in autoimmune settings where monotherapy is not fully effective. However, a major concern with this approach is the potential predisposition to opportunistic infections that might outweigh any clinical benefits. Accordingly, we examined the impact of individual versus combined neutralization of TNF-α and IL-17A in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (collagen-induced arthritis) and the concomitant susceptibility to infections that are likely to manifest as side effects of blocking these cytokines (oral candidiasis or tuberculosis). Our findings indicate that combined neutralization of TNF-α and IL-17A was considerably more effective than monotherapy in improving collagen-induced arthritis disease even when administered at a minimally efficacious dose. Encouragingly, however, dual cytokine blockade did not cooperatively impair antimicrobial host defenses, as mice given combined IL-17A and TNF-α neutralization displayed infectious profiles and humoral responses comparable to mice given high doses of individual anti-TNF-α or anti-IL-17A mAbs. These data support the idea that combined neutralization of TNF-α and IL-17A for refractory autoimmunity is likely to be associated with acceptable and manageable risks of opportunistic infections associated with these cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Shen
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Akash H Verma
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Amy Volk
- Immuno-Toxicology, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477; and
| | - Brian Jones
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Bianca M Coleman
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Matthew J Loza
- Immunology Biomarker, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Ravi Malaviya
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Beverley Moore
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Daniel Weinstock
- Immuno-Toxicology, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477; and
| | - M Merle Elloso
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Sarah L Gaffen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261;
| | - Tatiana Ort
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477;
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