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Abirami S, Adole PS, Vinod KV. Association of Tenascin-C Gene Polymorphisms with Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in South Indian Population: A Case-Control Genetic Association Study. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:114-122. [PMID: 38471098 PMCID: PMC10979666 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein changes are associated with the pathogenesis and complications of atherosclerosis, leading to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Tenascin-C (TNC), an ECM protein, has been implemented in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease. Aim: The study aimed to compare the genetic variants of the TNC gene (rs13321, rs2104772, and rs12347433) between South Indians with ACS and healthy participants. Materials and Methods: This case-control study recruited 150 ACS patients as cases and 150 healthy participants as controls. TNC genotyping was performed using TaqMan 5'-exonuclease allele discrimination assay. Serum TNC levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum TNC levels were significantly higher in cases compared with controls. No significant difference was observed in allele and genotype frequencies of rs13321, rs2104772, and rs12347433 between cases and controls, which was confirmed by dominant, recessive, codominant, and homozygotic genetic models. The patients with heterozygous genotypes of rs13321, rs2104772, and rs12347433 had significantly lower serum TNC levels than patients with respective homozygous genotypes. Haplotype analyses revealed that the C-T-A haplotype in the block of rs13321-rs12347433-rs2104772 was associated with lower ACS risk (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15 - 0.75; p = 0.005). Also, the C-T-T and G-T-A haplotypes of the TNC gene were associated with higher and lower serum TNC levels, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated no genetic association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TNC gene and ACS risk; however, the C-T-A haplotype of the TNC gene might be associated with reduced ACS risk in South Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Abirami
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Prashant Shankarrao Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Kolar Vishwanath Vinod
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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Gasser B, Frey WO, Valdivieso P, Scherr J, Spörri J, Flück M. Association of Gene Variants with Seasonal Variation in Muscle Strength and Aerobic Capacity in Elite Skiers. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1165. [PMID: 37372345 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The training of elite skiers follows a systematic seasonal periodization with a preparation period, when anaerobic muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and cardio-metabolic recovery are specifically conditioned to provide extra capacity for developing ski-specific physical fitness in the subsequent competition period. We hypothesized that periodization-induced alterations in muscle and metabolic performance demonstrate important variability, which in part is explained by gene-associated factors in association with sex and age. Methods: A total of 34 elite skiers (20.4 ± 3.1 years, 19 women, 15 men) underwent exhaustive cardiopulmonary exercise and isokinetic strength testing before and after the preparation and subsequent competition periods of the World Cup skiing seasons 2015-2018. Biometric data were recorded, and frequent polymorphisms in five fitness genes, ACE-I/D (rs1799752), TNC (rs2104772), ACTN3 (rs1815739), and PTK2 (rs7460, rs7843014), were determined with specific PCR reactions on collected DNA. Relative percentage changes of cardio-pulmonary and skeletal muscle metabolism and performance over the two seasonal periods were calculated for 160 data points and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify hypothesized and novel associations between performance alterations and the five respective genotypes and determine the influence of age × sex. A threshold of 0.1 for the effect size (h2) was deemed appropriate to identify relevant associations and motivate a post hoc test to localize effects. Results: The preparation and competition periods produced antidromic functional changes, the extent of which varied with increasing importance for anaerobic strength, aerobic performance, cardio-metabolic efficiency, and cardio-metabolic/muscle recovery. Only peak RER (-14%), but not anaerobic strength and peak aerobic performance, and parameters characterizing cardio-metabolic efficiency, differed between the first and last studied skiing seasons because improvements over the preparation period were mostly lost over the competition period. A number of functional parameters demonstrated associations of variability in periodic changes with a given genotype, and this was considerably influenced by athlete "age", but not "sex". This concerned age-dependent associations between periodic changes in muscle-related parameters, such as anaerobic strength for low and high angular velocities of extension and flexion and blood lactate concentration, with rs1799752 and rs2104772, whose gene products relate to sarcopenia. By contrast, the variance in period-dependent changes in body mass and peak VO2 with rs1799752 and rs2104772, respectively, was independent of age. Likely, the variance in periodic changes in the reliance of aerobic performance on lactate, oxygen uptake, and heart rate was associated with rs1815739 independent of age. These associations manifested at the post hoc level in genotype-associated differences in critical performance parameters. ACTN3 T-allele carriers demonstrated, compared to non-carriers, largely different periodic changes in the muscle-associated parameters of aerobic metabolism during exhaustive exercise, including blood lactate and respiration exchange ratio. The homozygous T-allele carriers of rs2104772 demonstrated the largest changes in extension strength at low angular velocity during the preparation period. Conclusions: Physiological characteristics of performance in skiing athletes undergo training period-dependent seasonal alterations the extent of which is largest for muscle metabolism-related parameters. Genotype associations for the variability in changes of aerobic metabolism-associated power output during exhaustive exercise and anaerobic peak power over the preparation and competition period motivate personalized training regimes. This may help to predict and maximize the benefit of physical conditioning of elite skiers based on chronological characteristics and the polymorphisms of the ACTN3, ACE, and TNC genes investigated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Gasser
- Department of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Paola Valdivieso
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist Campus, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Scherr
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Spörri
- University Centre for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
- Sports Medical Research Group, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Flück
- Department of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist Campus, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Sport-BASPO, 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland
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3
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Brightwell CR, Latham CM, Thomas NT, Keeble AR, Murach KA, Fry CS. A glitch in the matrix: the pivotal role for extracellular matrix remodeling during muscle hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C763-C771. [PMID: 35876284 PMCID: PMC9448331 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00200.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Multinuclear muscle fibers are the most voluminous cells in skeletal muscle and the primary drivers of growth in response to loading. Outside the muscle fiber, however, is a diversity of mononuclear cell types that reside in the extracellular matrix (ECM). These muscle-resident cells are exercise-responsive and produce the scaffolding for successful myofibrillar growth. Without proper remodeling and maintenance of this ECM scaffolding, the ability to mount an appropriate response to resistance training in adult muscles is severely hindered. Complex cellular choreography takes place in muscles following a loading stimulus. These interactions have been recently revealed by single-cell explorations into muscle adaptation with loading. The intricate ballet of ECM remodeling involves collagen production from fibrogenic cells and ECM modifying signals initiated by satellite cells, immune cells, and the muscle fibers themselves. The acellular collagen-rich ECM is also a mechanical signal-transducer and rich repository of growth factors that may directly influence muscle fiber hypertrophy once liberated. Collectively, high levels of collagen expression, deposition, and turnover characterize a well-trained muscle phenotype. The purpose of this review is to highlight the most recent evidence for how the ECM and its cellular components affect loading-induced muscle hypertrophy. We also address how the muscle fiber may directly take part in ECM remodeling, and whether ECM dynamics are rate limiting for muscle fiber growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille R Brightwell
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christine M Latham
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Nicholas T Thomas
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Alexander R Keeble
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Molecular Muscle Mass Regulation Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Kritikaki E, Asterling R, Ward L, Padget K, Barreiro E, C. M. Simoes D. Exercise Training-Induced Extracellular Matrix Protein Adaptation in Locomotor Muscles: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051022. [PMID: 33926070 PMCID: PMC8146973 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training promotes muscle adaptation and remodelling by balancing the processes of anabolism and catabolism; however, the mechanisms by which exercise delays accelerated muscle wasting are not fully understood. Intramuscular extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are essential to tissue structure and function, as they create a responsive environment for the survival and repair of the muscle fibres. However, their role in muscle adaptation is underappreciated and underinvestigated. The PubMed, COCHRANE, Scopus and CIHNAL databases were systematically searched from inception until February 2021. The inclusion criteria were on ECM adaptation after exercise training in healthy adult population. Evidence from 21 studies on 402 participants demonstrates that exercise training induces muscle remodelling, and this is accompanied by ECM adaptation. All types of exercise interventions promoted a widespread increase in collagens, glycoproteins and proteoglycans ECM transcriptomes in younger and older participants. The ECM controlling mechanisms highlighted here were concerned with myogenic and angiogenic processes during muscle adaptation and remodelling. Further research identifying the mechanisms underlying the link between ECMs and muscle adaptation will support the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and the development of personalised exercise training medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efpraxia Kritikaki
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.K.); (R.A.); (L.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Rhiannon Asterling
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.K.); (R.A.); (L.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Lesley Ward
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.K.); (R.A.); (L.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Kay Padget
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.K.); (R.A.); (L.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department, Lung Cancer and Muscle Research Group, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBERES, 08002 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Davina C. M. Simoes
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.K.); (R.A.); (L.W.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Flück M, Kramer M, Fitze DP, Kasper S, Franchi MV, Valdivieso P. Cellular Aspects of Muscle Specialization Demonstrate Genotype - Phenotype Interaction Effects in Athletes. Front Physiol 2019; 10:526. [PMID: 31139091 PMCID: PMC6518954 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gene polymorphisms are associated with athletic phenotypes relying on maximal or continued power production and affect the specialization of skeletal muscle composition with endurance or strength training of untrained subjects. We tested whether prominent polymorphisms in genes for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), tenascin-C (TNC), and actinin-3 (ACTN3) are associated with the differentiation of cellular hallmarks of muscle metabolism and contraction in high level athletes. Methods Muscle biopsies were collected from m. vastus lateralis of three distinct phenotypes; endurance athletes (n = 29), power athletes (n = 17), and untrained non-athletes (n = 63). Metabolism-, and contraction-related cellular parameters (such as capillary-to-fiber ratio, capillary length density, volume densities of mitochondria and intramyocellular lipid, fiber mean cross sectional area (MCSA) and volume densities of myofibrils) and the volume densities of sarcoplasma were analyzed by quantitative electron microscopy of the biopsies. Gene polymorphisms of ACE (I/D (insertion/deletion), rs1799752), TNC (A/T, rs2104772), and ACTN3 (C/T, rs1815739) were determined using high-resolution melting polymerase chain reaction (HRM-PCR). Genotype distribution was assessed using Chi2 tests. Genotype and phenotype effects were analyzed by univariate or multivariate analysis of variance and post hoc test of Fisher. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The athletes demonstrated the specialization of metabolism- and contraction-related cellular parameters. Differences in cellular parameters could be identified for genotypes rs1799752 and rs2104772, and localized post hoc when taking the interaction with the phenotype into account. Between endurance and power athletes these concerned effects on capillary length density for rs1799752 and rs2104772, fiber type distribution and volume densities of myofibrils (rs1799752), and MSCA (rs2104772). Endurance athletes carrying the I-allele of rs1799752 demonstrated 50%-higher volume densities of mitochondria and sarcoplasma, when power athletes that carried only the D-allele showed the highest fiber MCSAs and a lower percentage of slow type muscle fibers. Discussion ACE and tenascin-C gene polymorphisms are associated with differences in cellular aspects of muscle metabolism and contraction in specifically-trained high level athletes. Quantitative differences in muscle fiber type distribution and composition, and capillarization in knee extensor muscle explain, in part, identified associations of the insertion/deletion genotypes of ACE (rs1799752) with endurance- and power-type Sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Flück
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Kramer
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel P Fitze
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Kasper
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martino V Franchi
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Valdivieso
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Recent advances and new insights into muscular lymphangiogenesis in health and disease. Life Sci 2018; 211:261-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Flück M, Viecelli C, Bapst AM, Kasper S, Valdivieso P, Franchi MV, Ruoss S, Lüthi JM, Bühler M, Claassen H, Hoppeler H, Gerber C. Knee Extensors Muscle Plasticity Over a 5-Years Rehabilitation Process After Open Knee Surgery. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1343. [PMID: 30337877 PMCID: PMC6178139 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated molecular and cellular parameters which set metabolic and mechanical functioning of knee extensor muscles in the operated and contralateral control leg of 9 patients with a chronically insufficient anterior cruciate ligament (ACL; 26.6 ± 8.3 years, 8 males, 1 female) after open reconstructive surgery (week 0), after ambulant physiotherapy under cast immobilization (week 9), succeeding rehabilitation training (up to week 26), and subsequent voluntary physical activity (week 260). Clinical indices of knee function in the operated leg were improved at 52 weeks and remained at a comparable level at week 260. CSA of the quadriceps (-18%), MCSA of muscle fibers (-24%), and capillary-to-fiber ratio (-24%) in m. vastus lateralis from the ACL insufficient leg were lower at week 0 than reference values in the contralateral leg at week 260. Slow type fiber percentage (-35%) and mitochondrial volume density (-39%) were reduced in m. vastus lateralis from the operated leg at weeks 9 and 26. Composition alterations in the operated leg exceeded those in the contralateral leg and, with the exception of the volume density of subsarcolemmal mitochondria, returned to the reference levels at week 260. Leg-specific deterioration of metabolic characteristics in the vasti from the operated leg was reflected by the down-regulation of mitochondrial respiration complex I-III markers (-41-57%) at week 9. After rehabilitation training at week 26, the specific Y397 phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which is a proxy for mechano-regulation, was elevated by 71% in the operated leg but not in the contralateral leg, which had performed strengthening type exercise during ambulant physiotherapy. Total FAK protein and Y397 phosphorylation levels were lowered in both legs at week 26 resulting in positive correlations with mitochondrial volume densities and mitochondrial protein levels. The findings emphasize that a loss of mechanical and metabolic characteristics in knee extensor muscle remains detectable years after untreated ACL rupture, which may be aggravated in the post-operative phase by the deterioration of slow-oxidative characteristics after reconstruction due to insufficient load-bearing muscle activity. The reestablishment of muscle composition subsequent to years of voluntary physical activity reinforces that slow-to-fast fiber transformation is reversible in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Flück
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Viecelli
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas M Bapst
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Kasper
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Valdivieso
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martino V Franchi
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Ruoss
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Lüthi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Bühler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Hans Hoppeler
- Department of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Gerber
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Valdivieso P, Franchi MV, Gerber C, Flück M. Does a Better Perfusion of Deconditioned Muscle Tissue Release Chronic Low Back Pain? Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:77. [PMID: 29616222 PMCID: PMC5869187 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-specific chronic low back pain (nsCLBP) is a multifactorial condition of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Physical and genetic factors may influence the predisposition of individuals to CLBP, which in many instances share a musculoskeletal origin. A reduced pain level in low back pain patients that participate in exercise therapy highlights that disuse-related muscle deconditioning may predispose individuals to nsCLBP. In this context, musculoskeletal pain may be the consequence of capillary rarefaction in inactive muscle as this would lower local tissue drainage and washing out of toxic waste. Muscle activity is translated into an angio-adaptative process, which implicates angiogenic-gene expression and individual response differences due to heritable modifications of such genes (gene polymorphisms). The pathophysiologic mechanism underlying nsCLBP is still largely unaddressed. We hypothesize that capillary rarefaction due to a deconditioning of dorsal muscle groups exacerbates nsCLBP by increasing noxious sensation, reducing muscle strength and fatigue resistance by initiating a downward spiral of local deconditioning of back muscles which diminishes their load-bearing capacity. We address the idea that specific factors such as angiotensin-converting enzyme and Tenascin-C might play an important role in altering susceptibility to nsCLBP via their effects on microvascular perfusion and vascular remodeling of skeletal muscle, inflammation, and pain sensation. The genetic profile may help to explain the individual predisposition to nsCLBP, thus identifying subgroups of patients, which could benefit from ad hoc treatment types. Future therapeutic approaches aimed at relieving the pain associated with nsCLBP should be based on the verification of mechanistic processes of activity-induced angio-adaptation and muscle-perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Valdivieso
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Interdisciplinary Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martino V Franchi
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Gerber
- Orthopedics Department, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Flück
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Valdivieso P, Vaughan D, Laczko E, Brogioli M, Waldron S, Rittweger J, Flück M. The Metabolic Response of Skeletal Muscle to Endurance Exercise Is Modified by the ACE-I/D Gene Polymorphism and Training State. Front Physiol 2017; 8:993. [PMID: 29311951 PMCID: PMC5735290 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The insertion/deletion polymorphism in the gene for the regulator of vascular tone, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), is the prototype of a genetic influence on physical fitness and this involves an influence on capillary supply lines and dependent aerobic metabolism in skeletal muscle. The respective interaction of ACE-I/D genotype and training status on local metabolic and angiogenic reactions in exercised muscle is not known. Toward this end we characterized the metabolomic and angiogenic response in knee extensor muscle, m. vastus lateralis, in 18 untrained and 34 endurance-trained (physically active, [Formula: see text]O2max > 50 mL min-1 kg-1) white British men to an exhaustive bout of one-legged cycling exercise. We hypothesized that training status and ACE-I/D genotype affect supply-related muscle characteristics of exercise performance in correspondence to ACE expression and angiotensin 2 levels. ACE-I/D genotype and training status developed an interaction effect on the cross-sectional area (CSA) of m. vastus lateralis and mean CSA of slow type fibers, which correlated with peak power output (r ≥ 0.44). Genotype × training interactions in muscle also resolved for exercise-induced alterations of 22 metabolites, 8 lipids, glycogen concentration (p = 0.016), ACE transcript levels (p = 0.037), and by trend for the pro-angiogenic factor tenascin-C post exercise (p = 0.064). Capillary density (p = 0.001), capillary-to-fiber ratio (p = 0.010), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.014), and exercise-induced alterations in the pro-angiogenic protein VEGF (p = 0.043) depended on the ACE-I/D genotype alone. Our observations indicate that variability in aerobic performance in the studied subjects was in part reflected by an ACE-I/D-genotype-modulated metabolic phenotype of a major locomotor muscle. Repeated endurance exercise appeared to override this genetic influence in skeletal muscle by altering the ACE-related metabolic response and molecular aspects of the angiogenic response to endurance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Valdivieso
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Vaughan
- The Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Endre Laczko
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Brogioli
- The Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Waldron
- The Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- The Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Flück
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,The Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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