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Asad F, Batool N, Nadeem A, Bano S, Anwar N, Jamal R, Ali S. Fe-NPs and Zn-NPs: Advancing Aquaculture Performance Through Nanotechnology. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2828-2842. [PMID: 37723405 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03850-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a growing industry facing several challenges, including disease control, water quality management, and sustainable feed production. One potential solution to these challenges is the use of trace elements such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), either in their conventional form or as nanoparticles (NPs). Aquatic animals need these micronutrients for normal growth, physiological processes, and overall health. In marine species, iron boosts development, immunity, and disease resistance. At the same time, zinc enhances metabolism, synthesizes essential enzymes, and produces hormones that play a part in defenses, growth, reproduction, and antioxidative activities. According to this review, species-specific requirements by different Fe and Zn compounds have all emphasized the impacts on animal growth and development, antioxidant capacity, reproductive efficiency, and immunological response. However, NPs of Fe and Zn have been found to have higher bioavailability and efficacy than conventional forms. This work examines the effects of applications of Fe and Fe nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) and Zn and Zn nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) in aquaculture. However, the source of Fe and Zn in aquaculture species and administration volume may significantly impact efficacy. Nanotechnology boosts the positive benefits of Fe and Zn by converting them to their nanoforms (Fe-NPs) and (Zn-NPs), which are better used by animals and have a broader intake range. As a result, Fe-NPs and Zn-NPs offer an effective method for using nutrients in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhanda Asad
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Navaira Batool
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aiman Nadeem
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shehar Bano
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Noshaba Anwar
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rafia Jamal
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ali
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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Gomes G, Oliveira JL, Costa ML, Mermelstein C, Feitosa NM. Manganese Exposure Induces Cellular Aggregates and the Accumulation of β-Catenin in Skin of Zebrafish Embryos. Zebrafish 2023; 20:160-168. [PMID: 37406179 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of manganese (Mn) toxicity in different organs and tissues in humans and other vertebrates have been studied since the beginning of the past century, but most of its cellular effects remain largely unknown. In this study, we studied the effects of Mn in zebrafish, at the cellular level, due to the transparent nature of zebrafish larvae that enables a powerful analysis under the light microscope. The collection of our results shows that environmental concentrations of 0.5 mg/L affect swim bladder inflation; at concentration of 50 and 100 mg/L Mn (1) induces alterations in viability, swim bladder, heart, and size of zebrafish larvae, (2) induces an increase in melanocyte area and the formation of cellular aggregates in the skin, and (3) induces an accumulation of β-Catenin in mesenchymal cells in the caudal fin of zebrafish larvae. Our data suggest that increased levels of Mn induce cell aggregate formation in the skin and the presence of more melanocytes in the zebrafish caudal fin. Interestingly, the adhesion protein β-Catenin was activated in mesenchymal cells near the cell aggregates. These results open important new questions on the role of Mn toxicity on cellular organization and β-Catenin responses in fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyse Gomes
- Laboratório de Diferenciação Muscular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Leonardo Oliveira
- Laboratório Integrado de Biociências Translacionais (LIBT), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro, Macaé, Brazil
| | - Manoel Luis Costa
- Laboratório de Diferenciação Muscular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia Mermelstein
- Laboratório de Diferenciação Muscular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália Martins Feitosa
- Laboratório Integrado de Biociências Translacionais (LIBT), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de janeiro, Macaé, Brazil
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Inorganic arsenic alters the development of dopaminergic neurons but not serotonergic neurons and induces motor neuron development via Sonic hedgehog pathway in zebrafish. Neurosci Lett 2023; 795:137042. [PMID: 36587726 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.137042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of inorganic arsenic-induced neurotoxicity at the cellular level is not known. In zebrafish, teratological effects of inorganic arsenic have been shown at various concentrations. Here, we used similar concentrations of inorganic arsenic to evaluate the effects on specific neuron types. Exposure of zebrafish embryos at 5 h post fertilization (hpf) to sodium arsenite induced developmental toxicity (reduced body length) in 72 hpf larvae, beginning at a concentration of 300 mg/L concentration. Mortality or overt morphological deformity was detected at 500 mg/L sodium arsenite. While 200 mg/L sodium arsenite induced development of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (dopaminergic) neurons, there was no significant effect on the development of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonergic) neurons. Sodium arsenite reduced acetylcholinesterase activity. In the hb9-GFP transgenic larvae, both 200 and 400 mg/L sodium arsenite produced supernumerary motor neurons in the spinal cord. Inhibition of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway that is essential for motor neuron development, by Gant61, prevented sodium arsenite-induced supernumerary motor neuron development. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed that with 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L sodium arsenite treatment, each larva had an average of 387.8 pg and 847.5 pg arsenic, respectively. The data show for the first time that inorganic arsenic alters the development of dopaminergic and motor neurons in the zebrafish larvae and the latter occurs through the Shh pathway. These results may help understand why arsenic-exposed populations suffer from psychiatric disorders and motor neuron disease and Shh may, potentially, serve as a plasma biomarker of arsenic toxicity.
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Leitão RG, Silva MP, Diniz MS, Guerra M. Mapping the distribution of mercury (II) chloride in zebrafish organs by benchtop micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence: A proof of concept. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126874. [PMID: 34700157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mercury (Hg) is a globally ubiquitous pollutant and one of the most dangerous metal contaminants, which presents a high risk of bioaccumulation in living organisms. In this study, we mapped the distribution of Hg and other trace elements in zebrafish (Danio rerio), which were exposed to mercury (II) chloride in order to assess its toxicity, bioaccumulation and distribution in fish organs. METHODS Adult zebrafish were exposed for 7 days to different concentrations of mercury (II) chloride and the elemental distribution was obtained through the micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique (μ-EDXRF). RESULTS The results showed that Hg levels, measured in fish tissues, were indicative of bioaccumulation within some of its organs (e.g. visceral mass, gills), and that the physiological processes of accumulation were highly dose-dependent. In addition, the results showed higher concentrations of Hg in the gills. Moreover, other trace elements (e.g. Fe, Cu and Zn) levels were not altered after fish exposure to mercury(II) chloride. CONCLUSION The μ-EDXRF results were assessed along with the determination of some oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g. antioxidant enzymes) to understand the effects behind the Hg bioaccumulation and toxicity. These results suggest that the metabolic changes in zebrafish due to the exposure to Hg are consistent with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta G Leitão
- LIBPhys - UNL, Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics, Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria P Silva
- LIBPhys - UNL, Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics, Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mario S Diniz
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry/Department of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mauro Guerra
- LIBPhys - UNL, Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics, Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Chandrapalan T, Kwong RWM. Functional significance and physiological regulation of essential trace metals in fish. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:273675. [PMID: 34882772 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.238790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Trace metals such as iron, copper, zinc and manganese play essential roles in various biological processes in fish, including development, energy metabolism and immune response. At embryonic stages, fish obtain essential metals primarily from the yolk, whereas in later life stages (i.e. juvenile and adult), the gastrointestine and the gill are the major sites for the acquisition of trace metals. On a molecular level, the absorption of metals is thought to occur at least in part via specific metal ion transporters, including the divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1), copper transporter-1 (CTR1), and Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIP). A variety of other proteins are also involved in maintaining cellular and systemic metal homeostasis. Interestingly, the expression and function of these metal transport- and metabolism-related proteins can be influenced by a range of trace metals and major ions. Increasing evidence also demonstrates an interplay between the gastrointestine and the gill for the regulation of trace metal absorption. Therefore, there is a complex network of regulatory and compensatory mechanisms involved in maintaining trace metal balance. Yet, an array of factors is known to influence metal metabolism in fish, such as hormonal status and environmental changes. In this Review, we summarize the physiological significance of iron, copper, zinc and manganese, and discuss the current state of knowledge on the mechanisms underlying transepithelial metal ion transport, metal-metal interactions, and cellular and systemic handling of these metals in fish. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps in the regulation of metal homeostasis and discuss potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raymond W M Kwong
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
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Langa X, Neuhaus P, Lains D, Stewart TJ, Borel N, Certal AC, Monteiro JF, Aleström P, Diaz E, Piragyte I, Bräutigam L, Vázquez R, Hlushchuk R, Gfeller L, Mestrot A, Bigalke M, Varga ZM, Mercader N. A Systematic Analysis of Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in Eight Zebrafish Recirculating Water Systems. Zebrafish 2021; 18:252-264. [PMID: 34227897 PMCID: PMC8392081 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals and metalloids are integral to biological processes and play key roles in physiology and metabolism. Nonetheless, overexposure to some metals or lack of others can lead to serious health consequences. In this study, eight zebrafish facilities collaborated to generate a multielement analysis of their centralized recirculating water systems. We report a first set of average concentrations for 46 elements detected in zebrafish facilities. Our results help to establish an initial baseline for trouble-shooting purposes, and in general for safe ranges of metal concentrations in recirculating water systems, supporting reproducible scientific research outcomes with zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Langa
- Division Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Neuhaus
- Laboratory/Soil Science, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Lains
- Zebrafish International Resource Center, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
| | - Theodora J Stewart
- London Metallomics Facility, King's College London and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Borel
- European Zebrafish Resource Center, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ana C Certal
- Fish Platform, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana F Monteiro
- Fish Platform, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Peter Aleström
- Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Oslo, Norway
| | - Eduardo Diaz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares CNIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Indre Piragyte
- Division Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lars Bräutigam
- Comparative Medicine, Zebrafish Core Facility, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ruslan Hlushchuk
- Division microCT, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Gfeller
- Laboratory/Soil Science, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Mestrot
- Laboratory/Soil Science, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Bigalke
- Laboratory/Soil Science, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Zoltan M Varga
- Zebrafish International Resource Center, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
| | - Nadia Mercader
- Division Developmental Biology and Regeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Muraina IA, Bury NR, Scott A, Graham A, Hogstrand C. The zebrafish Znt1a sa17 mutant reveals roles of zinc transporter-1a in embryonic development. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 60:126496. [PMID: 32199393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc is one of the vital micronutrients required through various developmental stages in animals. Zinc transporter-1 (ZnT1; Slc30a1) is essential in vertebrates for nutritional zinc uptake and cellular zinc extrusion. Knockout of ZnT1 is lethal in vertebrates and there are therefore few functional studies of this protein in vivo. METHODS In the present study we characterised the embryonic development in a zebrafish Znt1a mutant (Znt1asa17) which is lacking the last 40 amino acids of Znt1a as generated by TILLING. In parallel experiments, we compared the development of a zebrafish embryo Znt1a morphant (Znt1aMO) which was generated by knockdown of Znt1a using morpholino-modified oligonucliotides. RESULTS The homozygous Znt1asa17 embryo is viable, but displays a subtle phenotype informing on the biological roles of Znt1a. The Znt1asa17 fish have delayed development, including attenuated epiboly. They further show a decrease in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (pERK1/2), retarded yolk resorption, and impaired clearance of free Zn2+ from the vitelline fluid and its storage in hatching gland cells. All these aberrations are milder versions of those observed upon knockdown of Znt1a by morpholinos. Interestingly, the phenotype could be rescued by addition of the cell-permeable zinc chelator, N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridinylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (TPEN) to the incubation medium and was aggravated by addition of zinc(II). Thus, the Znt1asa17 mutant has a reduced ability to handle zinc and can be characterised as a hypomorph. CONCLUSION This study is the first to show that the last 40 amino acids of Znt1a are of importance for its role in zinc homeostasis and ability to activate the MAPK/ERK pathway contrary to what was previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa A Muraina
- King's College London, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Metal Metabolism Group, London, UK
| | - Nic R Bury
- King's College London, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Metal Metabolism Group, London, UK
| | - Annabella Scott
- Kings College London, Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, London, UK
| | - Anthony Graham
- Kings College London, Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, London, UK
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- King's College London, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Metal Metabolism Group, London, UK.
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Kardos J, Héja L, Simon Á, Jablonkai I, Kovács R, Jemnitz K. Copper signalling: causes and consequences. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:71. [PMID: 30348177 PMCID: PMC6198518 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-containing enzymes perform fundamental functions by activating dioxygen (O2) and therefore allowing chemical energy-transfer for aerobic metabolism. The copper-dependence of O2 transport, metabolism and production of signalling molecules are supported by molecular systems that regulate and preserve tightly-bound static and weakly-bound dynamic cellular copper pools. Disruption of the reducing intracellular environment, characterized by glutathione shortage and ambient Cu(II) abundance drives oxidative stress and interferes with the bidirectional, copper-dependent communication between neurons and astrocytes, eventually leading to various brain disease forms. A deeper understanding of of the regulatory effects of copper on neuro-glia coupling via polyamine metabolism may reveal novel copper signalling functions and new directions for therapeutic intervention in brain disorders associated with aberrant copper metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Kardos
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - László Héja
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Ágnes Simon
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - István Jablonkai
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Richard Kovács
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katalin Jemnitz
- Functional Pharmacology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
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Prabhu A, Gadre R, Gadgil M. Zinc supplementation decreases galactosylation of recombinant IgG in CHO cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5989-5999. [PMID: 29749563 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Trace element composition of culture medium can be altered to modulate glycoform of recombinant glycoproteins. In this study, we show that Zn2+ supplementation at or above 100 μM decreases galactosylation of recombinant IgG expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. This decrease in galactosylation is not due to reduced galactosyltransferase expression. This effect persists upon supplementation of galactose and uridine to the culture, indicating that it may not be due to reduced UDP-Gal availability. Measurements of galactosyltransferase activity in the cell lysate show that activity decreases with increasing Zn2+/Mn2+ ratio. This suggests that one possible explanation of the effect of Zn2+ may be reduced intracellular galactosyltransferase activity due to increase in Zn2+/Mn2+ ratio. Consistent with this, the decrease in galactosylation of IgG could be reversed by supplementation of Mn2+ (a cofactor of galactosyltransferase) which increases intracellular Mn2+ content. Measurement of total intracellular Zn2+ content, however, indicates no significant upregulation of total intracellular Zn2+ content and no significant downregulation of intracellular Mn2+ content with Zn2+ supplementation. One possible explanation could be that cellular detoxification response to higher extracellular Zn2+ concentration might lead to changes in intracellular distribution of Mn2+. In this case, Zn2+ supplementation would be expected to interfere with other known effects of Mn2+. Indeed, the previously reported increase in high mannose glycans upon Mn2+ supplementation in the absence of glucose is reversed by Zn2+ supplementation. This study also suggests the use of Mn2+ supplementation as a strategy to overcome the effect of lot-to-lot variability in trace element concentrations on galactosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Prabhu
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ramchandra Gadre
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Mugdha Gadgil
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India.
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