1
|
Li Y, Wei Y, Ultsch M, Li W, Tang W, Tombling B, Gao X, Dimitrova Y, Gampe C, Fuhrmann J, Zhang Y, Hannoush RN, Kirchhofer D. Cystine-knot peptide inhibitors of HTRA1 bind to a cryptic pocket within the active site region. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4359. [PMID: 38777835 PMCID: PMC11111691 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystine-knot peptides (CKPs) are naturally occurring peptides that exhibit exceptional chemical and proteolytic stability. We leveraged the CKP carboxypeptidase A1 inhibitor as a scaffold to construct phage-displayed CKP libraries and subsequently screened these collections against HTRA1, a trimeric serine protease implicated in age-related macular degeneration and osteoarthritis. The initial hits were optimized by using affinity maturation strategies to yield highly selective and potent picomolar inhibitors of HTRA1. Crystal structures, coupled with biochemical studies, reveal that the CKPs do not interact in a substrate-like manner but bind to a cryptic pocket at the S1' site region of HTRA1 and abolish catalysis by stabilizing a non-competent active site conformation. The opening and closing of this cryptic pocket is controlled by the gatekeeper residue V221, and its movement is facilitated by the absence of a constraining disulfide bond that is typically present in trypsin fold serine proteases, thereby explaining the remarkable selectivity of the CKPs. Our findings reveal an intriguing mechanism for modulating the activity of HTRA1, and highlight the utility of CKP-based phage display platforms in uncovering potent and selective inhibitors against challenging therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Li
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yuehua Wei
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Mark Ultsch
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wanjian Tang
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Benjamin Tombling
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Xinxin Gao
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yoana Dimitrova
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Christian Gampe
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jakob Fuhrmann
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yingnan Zhang
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Rami N Hannoush
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Daniel Kirchhofer
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Licini C, Fantone S, Lamanna D, Tossetta G, Marzioni D, Belmonte MM. Possible involvement of HtrA1 serine protease in the onset of osteoporotic bone extracellular matrix changes. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102329. [PMID: 38367326 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
High-temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1), a multidomain serine protease acting on Extracellular matrix (ECM) rearrangement, is also secreted by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Recent and conflicting literature highlights HtrA1's role as a controller of bone remodeling, proposing it as a possible target for pathologies with unbalanced bone resorption, like Osteoporosis (OP). To add knowledge on this molecule function in bone physiopathology, here we compared HtrA1 distribution in the ECM of healthy (H) and OP bone tissue, also examining its localization in the sites of new bone formation. HtrA1 was homogeneously expressed in the mature bone ECM of H tissue showing a 55.6 ± 16.4% of the stained area, with a significant (p=0.0001) decrease in OP percentage stained area (21.1 ± 13.1). Moreover, HtrA1 was present in the endosteum and cells involved in osteogenesis, mainly in those "entrapped" in woven bone, whereas osteocytes in mature lamellar bone were negative. Based on our previous observation in OP tissue of a significantly increased expression of Decorin and Osteocalcin, both involved in bone mineralization and remodeling and equally substrates for HtrA1, we speculate that HtrA1 by controlling the proper amount of Decorin and Osteocalcin favors normal bone maturation and mineralization. Besides, we suggest that late-osteoblasts and pre-osteocytes secrete HtrA1 in the adjacent matrix whilst proceeding with their maturation and that HtrA1 expression is further modified during the remodeling from woven to the lamellar bone. Overall, our data suggest HtrA1 as a positive regulator of bone matrix formation and maturation: its reduced expression in mature OP bone, affecting protein content and distribution, could hamper correct bone remodeling and mineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Licini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - S Fantone
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona 60124, Italy
| | - D Lamanna
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - G Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, Ancona 60126, Italy.
| | - D Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, Ancona 60126, Italy.
| | - M Mattioli Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, Ancona 60126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Murayama M, Hirata H, Shiraki M, Iovanna JL, Yamaza T, Kukita T, Komori T, Moriishi T, Ueno M, Morimoto T, Mawatari M, Kukita A. Nupr1 deficiency downregulates HtrA1, enhances SMAD1 signaling, and suppresses age-related bone loss in male mice. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:566-581. [PMID: 36715607 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a stress-induced protein activated by various stresses, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. We previously reported that Nupr1 deficiency increased bone volume by enhancing bone formation in 11-week-old mice. Analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild-type (WT) and Nupr1-knockout (Nupr1-KO) osteocytes revealed that high temperature requirement A 1 (HTRA1), a serine protease implicated in osteogenesis and transforming growth factor-β signaling was markedly downregulated in Nupr1-KO osteocytes. Nupr1 deficiency also markedly reduced HtrA1 expression, but enhanced SMAD1 signaling in in vitro-cultured primary osteoblasts. In contrast, Nupr1 overexpression enhanced HtrA1 expression in osteoblasts, suggesting that Nupr1 regulates HtrA1 expression, thereby suppressing osteoblastogenesis. Since HtrA1 is also involved in cellular senescence and age-related diseases, we analyzed aging-related bone loss in Nupr1-KO mice. Significant spine trabecular bone loss was noted in WT male and female mice during 6-19 months of age, whereas aging-related trabecular bone loss was attenuated, especially in Nupr1-KO male mice. Moreover, cellular senescence-related markers were upregulated in the osteocytes of 6-19-month-old WT male mice but markedly downregulated in the osteocytes of 19-month-old Nupr1-KO male mice. Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence stimulated Nupr1 and HtrA1 expression in in vitro-cultured primary osteoblasts, and Nupr1 overexpression enhanced p16ink4a expression in osteoblasts. Finally, NUPR1 expression in osteocytes isolated from the bones of patients with osteoarthritis was correlated with age. Collectively, these results indicate that Nupr1 regulates HtrA1-mediated osteoblast differentiation and senescence. Our findings unveil a novel Nupr1/HtrA1 axis, which may play pivotal roles in bone formation and age-related bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Makoto Shiraki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Juan L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Komori
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Moriishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaya Ueno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Akiko Kukita
- Research Center of Arthroplasty, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Interplay between HTRA1 and classical signalling pathways in organogenesis and diseases. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1919-1927. [PMID: 35531175 PMCID: PMC9072889 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The high temperature requirement factor A1 (HTRA1) is a serine protease which modulates an array of signalling pathways driving basal biological processes. HTRA1 plays a significant role in cell proliferation, migration and fate determination, in addition to controlling protein aggregates through refolding, translocation or degradation. The mutation of HTRA1 has been implicated in a plethora of disorders and this has also led to its growing interest as drug therapy target. This review details the involvement of HTRA1 in certain signalling pathways, namely the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), canonical Wingless/Integrated (WNT) and NOTCH signalling pathways during organogenesis and various disease pathogenesis such as preeclampsia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), small vessel disease and cancer. We have also explored possible avenues of exploiting the serine proteases for therapeutic management of these disorders.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tossetta G, Fantone S, Licini C, Marzioni D, Mattioli-Belmonte M. The multifaced role of HtrA1 in the development of joint and skeletal disorders. Bone 2022; 157:116350. [PMID: 35131488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
HtrA1 (High temperature requirement A1) family proteins include four members, widely conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, named HtrA1, HtrA2, HtrA3 and HtrA4. HtrA1 is a serine protease involved in a variety of biological functions regulating many signaling pathways degrading specific components and playing key roles in many human diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, pregnancy complications and cancer. Due to its role in the breakdown of many ExtraCellular Matrix (ECM) components of articular cartilage such as fibronectin, decorin and aggrecan, HtrA1 encouraged many researches on studying its role in several skeletal diseases (SDs). These studies were further inspired by the fact that HtrA1 is able to regulate the signaling of one of the most important cytokines involved in SDs, the TGFβ-1. This review aims to summarize the data currently available on the role of HtrA1 in skeletal diseases such as Osteoporosis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD). The use of HtrA1 as a marker of frailty in geriatric medicine would represent a powerful tool for identifying older individuals at risk of developing skeletal disorders, evaluating an appropriate intervention to improve quality care in these people avoiding or improving age-related SDs in the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Caterina Licini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, Ancona 60126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Y, Yuan J, Rothzerg E, Wu X, Xu H, Zhu S, Xu J. Molecular structure and the role of high-temperature requirement protein 1 in skeletal disorders and cancers. Cell Prolif 2019; 53:e12746. [PMID: 31867863 PMCID: PMC7048211 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human high‐temperature requirement protein 1 (HTRA1) is a member of serine proteases and consists of four well‐defined domains—an IGFBP domain, a Kazal domain, a protease domain and a PDZ domain. HTRA1 is a secretory protein and also present intracellularly and associated with microtubules. HTRA1 regulates a broad range of physiological processes via its proteolytic activity. This review examines the role of HTRA1 in bone biology, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and tumorigenesis. HTRA1 mediates diverse pathological processes via a variety of signalling pathways, such as TGF‐β and NF‐κB. The expression of HTRA1 is increased in arthritis and IVD degeneration, suggesting that HTRA1 protein is attributed to cartilage degeneration and disease progression. Emerging evidence also suggests that HTRA1 has a role in tumorigenesis. Further understanding the mechanisms by which HTRA1 displays as an extrinsic and intrinsic regulator in a cell type–specific manner will be important for the development of HTRA1 as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jinbo Yuan
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emel Rothzerg
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xinghuo Wu
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ochiai N, Nakachi Y, Yokoo T, Ichihara T, Eriksson T, Yonemoto Y, Kato T, Ogata H, Fujimoto N, Kobayashi Y, Udagawa N, Kaku S, Ueki T, Okazaki Y, Takahashi N, Suda T. Murine osteoclasts secrete serine protease HtrA1 capable of degrading osteoprotegerin in the bone microenvironment. Commun Biol 2019; 2:86. [PMID: 30854478 PMCID: PMC6397181 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. The differentiation of osteoclasts from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) is induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a decoy receptor of RANKL, inhibits osteoclastogenesis by blocking RANKL signaling. Here we investigated the degradation of OPG in vitro. Osteoclasts, but not BMMs, secreted OPG-degrading enzymes. Using mass spectrometry and RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (HtrA1) as an OPG-degrading enzyme. HtrA1 did not degrade OPG pre-reduced by dithiothreitol, suggesting that HtrA1 recognizes the three-dimensional structure of OPG. HtrA1 initially cleaved the amide bond between leucine 90 and glutamine 91 of OPG, then degraded OPG into small fragments. Inhibitory activity of OPG on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis was suppressed by adding HtrA1 in RAW 264.7 cell cultures. These results suggest that osteoclasts potentially prepare a microenvironment suitable for osteoclastogenesis. HtrA1 may be a novel drug target for osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagahiro Ochiai
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakachi
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Yokoo
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ichihara
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Tore Eriksson
- Chemistry Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Yuki Yonemoto
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Takehiko Kato
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ogata
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Natsuko Fujimoto
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kobayashi
- Institutes for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kaku
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ueki
- Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takahashi
- Institutes for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Suda
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yamawaki S, Naitoh M, Kubota H, Aya R, Katayama Y, Ishiko T, Tamura T, Yoshikawa K, Enoshiri T, Ikeda M, Suzuki S. HtrA1 Is Specifically Up-Regulated in Active Keloid Lesions and Stimulates Keloid Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1275. [PMID: 29695130 PMCID: PMC5983720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids occur after failure of the wound healing process; inflammation persists, and various treatments are ineffective. Keloid pathogenesis is still unclear. We have previously analysed the gene expression profiles in keloid tissue and found that HtrA1 was markedly up-regulated in the keloid lesions. HtrA1 is a serine protease suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and osteoarthritis, by modulating extracellular matrix or cell surface proteins. We analysed HtrA1 localization and its role in keloid pathogenesis. Thirty keloid patients and twelve unrelated patients were enrolled for in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical, western blot, and cell proliferation analyses. Fibroblast-like cells expressed more HtrA1 in active keloid lesions than in surrounding lesions. The proportion of HtrA1-positive cells in keloids was significantly higher than that in normal skin, and HtrA1 protein was up-regulated relative to normal skin. Silencing HtrA1 gene expression significantly suppressed cell proliferation. HtrA1 was highly expressed in keloid tissues, and the suppression of the HtrA1 gene inhibited the proliferation of keloid-derived fibroblasts. HtrA1 may promote keloid development by accelerating cell proliferation and remodelling keloid-specific extracellular matrix or cell surface molecules. HtrA1 is suggested to have an important role in keloid pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Yamawaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, 2-4-1, Tsukimi, Fukui-City, Fukui 918-8501, Japan.
| | - Motoko Naitoh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kubota
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuenmachi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Rino Aya
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Katayama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Ishiko
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, 1-1-35, Nagara, Otsu City, Shiga 520-8511, Japan.
| | - Taku Tamura
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuenmachi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shiga Medical Center for Adults, 5-4-30, Moriyama, Moriyama City, Shiga 524-8524, Japan.
| | - Tatsuki Enoshiri
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Mika Ikeda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1, Minatojima minami-machi, Cyuou-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Shigehiko Suzuki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li D, Yue J, Wu Y, Barnie PA, Wu Y. HtrA1 up-regulates expression of MMPs via Erk1/2/Rock-dependent pathways. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:998-1008. [PMID: 31938194 PMCID: PMC6958014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies that have identified the potential role of a high temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). This study was undertaken to investigate the regulatory role of HtrA1 in the pathogenesis of IDD. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mRNA levels of HtrA1 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) of human intervertebral disc degeneration tissues were measured by real-time quantitative PCR, and a correlation between the expression level of HtrA1 and MMPs was also investigated. Human nucleus pulposus cells (HNPCs) were challenged with rHtrA1, and expression of MMPs was measured by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA. Moreover, to analyze the mechanism by which HtrA1 up-regulates MMPs, ERK1/2/ROCK signaling pathway inhibitors were also used. RESULTS We found significant increases in mRNA expression of HtrA1 and MMP1, 3, 9, and 13 in IDD tissues compared with control. HtrA1 expression level was associated with the levels of MMP1, 3, and 13. Expression of MMP1, 3, and 13 mRNA and protein were significantly increased in HNPCs treated by rHtrA1. Moreover, administration of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitor or ROCK signaling pathway inhibitor decreased rHtrA1-induced MMPs production. Therefore, changes in HtrA1 expression could be involved in the pathogenesis of IDD. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that HtrA1 can induce increases in MMPs in HNPCs via the ERK1/2/ROCK signaling pathway, thus providing new insights into the role of HtrA1 in the pathogenesis of IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiawei Yue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of ChangzhouChangzhou 213003, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Prince Amoah Barnie
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape CoastGhana
| | - Yumin Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of ChangzhouChangzhou 213003, China
| |
Collapse
|