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Atila D, Dalgic AD, Krzemińska A, Pietrasik J, Gendaszewska-Darmach E, Bociaga D, Lipinska M, Laoutid F, Passion J, Kumaravel V. Injectable Liposome-Loaded Hydrogel Formulations with Controlled Release of Curcumin and α-Tocopherol for Dental Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400966. [PMID: 38847504 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
An injectable hydrogel formulation is developed utilizing low- and high-molecular-weight chitosan (LCH and HCH) incorporated with curcumin and α-tocopherol-loaded liposomes (Lip/Cur+Toc). Cur and Toc releases are delayed within the hydrogels. The injectability of hydrogels is proved via rheological analyses. In vitro studies are conducted using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) to examine the biological performance of the hydrogels toward endodontics and periodontics, respectively. The viability of hDPSCs treated with the hydrogels with Lip/Cur+Toc is the highest till day 14, compared to the neat hydrogels. During odontogenic differentiation tests, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity of hDPSCs is induced in the Cur-containing groups. Biomineralization is enhanced mostly with Lip/Cur+Toc incorporation. The viability of hGFs is the highest in HCH combined with Lip/Cur+Toc while wound healing occurs almost 100% in both (Lip/Cur+Toc@LCH and Lip/Cur+Toc@HCH) after 2 days. Antioxidant activity of Lip/Cur+Toc@LCH on hGFs is significantly the highest among the groups. Antimicrobial tests demonstrate that Lip/Cur+Toc@LCH is more effective against Escherichia coli whereas so is Lip/Cur+Toc@HCH against Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial mechanism of the hydrogels is investigated for the first time through various computational models. LCH and HCH loaded with Lip/Cur+Toc are promising candidates with multi-functional features for endodontics and periodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Atila
- International Centre for Research on Innovative Bio-based Materials (ICRI-BioM) - International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
| | - Ali Deniz Dalgic
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, 34060, Turkey
| | - Agnieszka Krzemińska
- International Centre for Research on Innovative Bio-based Materials (ICRI-BioM) - International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
| | - Joanna Pietrasik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
| | - Edyta Gendaszewska-Darmach
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
| | - Dorota Bociaga
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lipinska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
| | - Fouad Laoutid
- Polymeric and Composite Materials Unit, Materia Nova Research Center, University of Mons Innovation Center, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Julie Passion
- Polymeric and Composite Materials Unit, Materia Nova Research Center, University of Mons Innovation Center, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Vignesh Kumaravel
- International Centre for Research on Innovative Bio-based Materials (ICRI-BioM) - International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, 90-924, Poland
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Current Knowledge on Biomaterials for Orthopedic Applications Modified to Reduce Bacterial Adhesive Ability. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040529. [PMID: 35453280 PMCID: PMC9024841 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant challenge in orthopedics is the design of biomaterial devices that are able to perform biological functions by substituting or repairing various tissues and controlling bone repair when required. This review presents an overview of the current state of our recent research into biomaterial modifications to reduce bacterial adhesive ability, compared with previous reviews and excellent research papers, but it is not intended to be exhaustive. In particular, we investigated biomaterials for replacement, such as metallic materials (titanium and titanium alloys) and polymers (ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene), and biomaterials for regeneration, such as poly(ε-caprolactone) and calcium phosphates as composites. Biomaterials have been designed, developed, and characterized to define surface/bulk features; they have also been subjected to bacterial adhesion assays to verify their potential capability to counteract infections. The addition of metal ions (e.g., silver), natural antimicrobial compounds (e.g., essential oils), or antioxidant agents (e.g., vitamin E) to different biomaterials conferred strong antibacterial properties and anti-adhesive features, improving their capability to counteract prosthetic joint infections and biofilm formation, which are important issues in orthopedic surgery. The complexity of biological materials is still far from being reached by materials science through the development of sophisticated biomaterials. However, close interdisciplinary work by materials scientists, engineers, microbiologists, chemists, physicists, and orthopedic surgeons is indeed necessary to modify the structures of biomaterials in order to achieve implant integration and tissue regeneration while avoiding microbial contamination.
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A Potential “Vitaminic Strategy” against Caries and Halitosis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans and Fusobacterium nucleatum are two key bacteria of the oral microbiota. Due to their ability to form biofilms on oral tissues, they are both involved in the onset of the most common oral diseases. F. nucleatum is also the principal producer of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), causative of the awkward bad breath of halitosis. In this study, the oral product Vea® Oris, made by vitamin E and capric/caprylic acid only, was evaluated as a potential treatment for the most common oral diseases. Different concentrations of the product were tested against both S. mutans and F. nucleatum. The effect on planktonic and biofilm growth was investigated for both strains, and for F. nucleatum, the influence on H2S production was evaluated. From our data, the product did not relevantly reduce the planktonic growth of both strains, whereas it validly counteracted biofilm assemblage. Moreover, an interesting trend of H2S reduction was highlighted. Overall, these results suggested, on the one hand, a synergistic antimicrobial–antibiofilm action of two Vea® Oris components and, together, potential modulation activity on H2S production. However, the study should be implemented to confirm these only preliminary findings, certainly extending the panel of tested bacteria and using alternative methods of detection.
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Kaviya M, Balasubramanian B, Bharathi K, Malaisamy A, Al-Dhabi NA, Mariadhas VA, Anand AV, Liu W. Evaluation of Nutritional Substances and Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials of Boerhavia diffusa with in Silico Molecular Docking. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041280. [PMID: 35209067 PMCID: PMC8880713 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Boerhavia diffusa L. Nyctanginaceae (B. diffusa) is a medicinal herb commonly considered as a weed. The exploration of phytochemicals in different parts of B. diffusa with different solvents will create awareness, along with the suitable solvent and method for extraction of pharmaceutical compounds. Hence, the present study focuses on phytochemical analysis of B. diffusa leaves, stems, and roots in various solvents with hot and cold extraction. The decoctions performed well in most of the qualitative and quantitative tests, along with the DPPH assay. The aqueous extract showed a good result in the FRAP assay and ABTS assay. In the antimicrobial test, the B. diffusa root ethanol extract inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with zones of inhibition of about 8 mm and 20 mm at 200 µg concentration, respectively. Using a molecular docking approach, the top four ranked molecules from the crude extract of B. diffusa profiled from GC–MS spectroscopy in terms of growth inhibition of the pathogenic bacterium P. aeruginosa were selected; among them, 2-(1,2 dihydroxyethyl)-5-[[2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]oxy]oxolane-3,4-diol exhibited the minimum binding score, revealing high affinity in complex. B. diffusa is highly nutritious, and the maceration and decoction extracts were similar except for the chloroform extract that was found to be weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohandass Kaviya
- Medical Genetics and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharthiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (M.K.); (K.B.)
| | | | - Kathirvel Bharathi
- Medical Genetics and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharthiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (M.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Arunkumar Malaisamy
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.-D.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Valan Arasu Mariadhas
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.-D.); (V.A.M.)
| | - Arumugam Vijaya Anand
- Medical Genetics and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharthiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (M.K.); (K.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.A.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenchao Liu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (A.V.A.); (W.L.)
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Kim S, Kim JJ, Jeong JH, Kim Y, Park J, Jeong DI, Kim HJ, Hwang C, Ahn SH, Ko HJ, Cho HJ. Fast dissolving nanofiber mat for the local antimicrobial application of roxithromycin in oral cavity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112537. [PMID: 34857312 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fast disintegrating and dissolving nanofiber (NF) mat was devised to deliver roxithromycin for the treatment of the respiratory tract infection. NF membrane was made by an electrospinning process with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) for local application of roxithromycin. Roxithromycin has a poor water solubility thus HP-β-CD is introduced for enhancing drug solubility by forming an inclusion complex in this study. The addition of TPGS provided multiple roles such as accelerating wetting, disintegration, and dissolution speed and overcoming bacterial resistance. Roxithromycin was successfully entrapped in NF structure and drug amorphization occurred during the electrospinning process. PVA/HP-β-CD/TPGS/roxithromycin (PHTR) NF exhibited faster wetting, disintegration, and dissolution speed rather than the other NF mats. PHTR NF displayed higher antibacterial potentials in Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) compared to other NF mat formulations. The administration of PHTR NF to oral cavity in pneumococcal disease mouse model provided the most efficient therapeutic potentials in lung tissue. Designed multiple phase-based NF mat may be one of powerful local drug delivery systems for the therapy of respiratory tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea; Sama Pharm Co. Ltd., Wonju, Gangwon 26365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghoon Kim
- Sama Pharm Co. Ltd., Wonju, Gangwon 26365, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHye Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Da In Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - ChaeRim Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Ibrahim UH, Devnarain N, Omolo CA, Mocktar C, Govender T. Biomimetic pH/lipase dual responsive vitamin-based solid lipid nanoparticles for on-demand delivery of vancomycin. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120960. [PMID: 34333022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ascorbyl tocopherol succinate (ATS) was designed, synthesized and characterized via FT-IR, HR-MS, H1 NMR and C13 NMR, to simultaneously confer biomimetic and dual responsive properties of an antibiotic nanosystem to enhance their antibacterial efficacy and reduce antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, an in silico-aided design (to mimic the natural substrate of bacterial lipase) was employed to demonstrate the binding potential of ATS to lipase (-32.93 kcal/mol binding free energy (ΔGbind) and bacterial efflux pumps blocking potential (NorA ΔGbind: -37.10 kcal/mol, NorB ΔGbind: -34.46 kcal/mol). ATS bound stronger to lipase than the natural substrate (35 times lower Kd value). The vancomycin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (VM-ATS-SLN) had a hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, polydispersity index and entrapment efficiency of 106.9 ± 1.4 nm, -16.5 ± 0.93 mV, 0.11 ± 0.012 and 61.9 ± 1.31%, respectively. In vitro biocompatibility studies revealed VM-ATS-SLN biosafety and non-haemolytic activity. Significant enhancement in VM release was achieved in response to acidified pH and lipase enzyme, compared to controls. VM-ATS-SLN showed enhanced sustained in vitro antibacterial activity for 5 days, 2-fold greater MRSA biofilm growth inhibition and 3.44-fold reduction in bacterial burden in skin infected mice model compared to bare VM. Therefore, ATS shows potential as a novel multifunctional adjuvant for effective and targeted delivery of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usri H Ibrahim
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; United States International University-Africa, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, P.O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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Gamna F, Spriano S. Vitamin E: A Review of Its Application and Methods of Detection When Combined with Implant Biomaterials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133691. [PMID: 34279260 PMCID: PMC8269872 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E is a common compound used for tocopherols and tocotrienols (α, β, γ, δ); it is the component of many natural products of both plant and animal origin. Thanks to its powerful antioxidant capacity, vitamin E has been very successful in hip and knee arthroplasty, used to confer resistance to oxidation to irradiated UHMWPE. The positive results of these studies have made vitamin E an important object of research in the biomedical field, highlighting other important properties, such as anti-bacterial, -inflammatory, and -cancer activities. In fact, there is an extensive literature dealing with vitamin E in different kinds of material processing, drug delivery, and development of surface coatings. Vitamin E is widely discussed in the literature, and it is possible to find many reviews that discuss the biological role of vitamin E and its applications in food packaging and cosmetics. However, to date, there is not a review that discusses the biomedical applications of vitamin E and that points to the methods used to detect it within a solid. This review specifically aims to compile research about new biomedical applications of vitamin E carried out in the last 20 years, with the intention of providing an overview of the methodologies used to combine it with implantable biomaterials, as well as to detect and characterize it within these materials.
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Serafini MR, Santos VV, Torres BGS, Johansson Azeredo F, Savi FM, Alves IA. A patent review of antibiofilm fungal drugs (2002-present). Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:229-248. [PMID: 33530749 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungal biofilms, such as Candida albicans biofilms, are capable of surviving in hostile environments owing to their remarkable ability to adhere to surfaces and their tolerance to chemical interventions. Currently, therapeutic treatment options are few, making these biofilm-based infections problematic particularly due to their great tolerance to conventional antimicrobial drugs, thus causing serious health and economic problems. Therefore, the development of new drugs and antibiofilm specific therapies for the prevention and treatment of antifungal to eradicate biofilms are needed. This study was aimed at carrying out a patent review analysis to identify the innovation trends, and to explore the latest antifungal drugs and the specific therapeutic strategies available for the treatment of fungal biofilms. The present patent review was carried out using the Espacenet database, using the key words "biofilm and antifungal," from 2002 to December 2019. Through this review, it was possible to identify that most of the patent contents refer to new synthetic drugs derived from natural products and associations thereof with existing antifungal drugs. Methods and biomaterials for the treatment and prevention of fungal biofilms, mainly for C. albicans biofilms, which is the most isolated and studied fungal species, were also disclosed. The lack of scientific and technical information on the biofilm eradication subject is remarkable and further confirmed by the small number of patents identified in this survey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Flávia Medeiros Savi
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Ababutain IM, Alghamdi AI. In vitro anticandidal activity and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening of Vitex agnus-castus leaf extracts. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10561. [PMID: 33505793 PMCID: PMC7789864 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Candida infections are becoming more drug resistant; it is necessary to search for alternative medications to treat them. Therefore, the present study estimates the anticandidal activity of Vitex agnus-castus (VA-C) leaf extracts. Methods We used the agar well diffusion method to assess the anticandidal activity of three different VA-C leaf extracts (ethanol, methanol, and water) against three Candida species (Candida tropicalis, Candida albicans, and Candida ciferrii). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was estimated using the two-fold dilution method and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined using the classic pour plate technique. The MFC/MIC ratio was calculated to estimate the microbicidal or microbiostatic activity. A gas chromatography mass spectrometer was used to screen the phytochemicals of the VA-C leaf extracts (ethanol, methanol, and water). Results All VA-C extracts ethanol, methanol, and water were significantly inhibited the growth of the test Candida species and the inhibition activity depended on the solvent used and the Candida species. The results showed that C. tropicalis was the most highly inhibited by all extracts followed by C. albicans and C. ciferrii. The MIC values were 12.5–25 µg/ml, and MFC values were 25–100 µg/ml. The ratios of MFC/MIC were two-fold to four-fold which was considered candidacidal activity. Ninety-five phytochemical compounds were identified by the GC-MS assay for the VA-C leaf extracts. The total number of compounds per extract differed. Methanol had 43 compounds, ethanol had 47 compounds, and water had 52 compounds. The highest compound concentrations were: 4,5-Dichloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one in ethanol and methanol, 1H-Indene, 2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl in ethanol, Isobutyl 4-hydroxybenzoate in methanol, and Benzoic acid and 4-hydroxy- in water. These phytochemical compounds belong to different bioactive chemical group such as polyphenols, fatty acids, terpenes, terpenoids, steroids, aldehydes, alcohols, and esters, and most of which have anticandidal activity. Conclusions VA-C leaf extracts may be useful alternatives to anticandidal drugs, based on their effectiveness against all test Candida species at low concentrations. However, appropriate toxicology screening should be conducted before use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtisam Mohammed Ababutain
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center (BASRC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azzah Ibrahim Alghamdi
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center (BASRC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Kupnik K, Primožič M, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Antimicrobial Efficiency of Aloe arborescens and Aloe barbadensis Natural and Commercial Products. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010092. [PMID: 33466284 PMCID: PMC7824730 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, there are many commercial products from natural resources on the market, but they still have many additives to increase their biological activities. On the other hand, there is particular interest in natural sources that would have antimicrobial properties themselves and would inhibit the growth and the reproduction of opportunistic microorganisms. Therefore, a comparative antimicrobial study of natural samples of aloe and its commercial products was performed. Qualitative and quantitative determination of antimicrobial efficiency of Aloe arborescens and Aloe barbadensis and its commercial products on fungi, Gram-negative, and Gram-positive bacteria was performed. Samples exhibited antimicrobial activity and slowed down the growth of all tested microorganisms. Research has shown that natural juices and gels of A. arborescens and A. barbadensis are at higher added concentrations comparable to commercial aloe products, especially against microbial cultures of Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whose growths were completely inhibited at a microbial concentration of 600 μg/mL. Of particular importance are the findings of the good antimicrobial efficacy of fresh juice and gel of A. arborescens on tested microorganisms, which is less known and less researched. These results show great potential of A. arborescens for further use in medicine, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Kupnik
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-2-2294-462
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11
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Salih M, Omolo CA, Devnarain N, Elrashedy AA, Mocktar C, Soliman MES, Govender T. Supramolecular self-assembled drug delivery system (SADDs) of vancomycin and tocopherol succinate as an antibacterial agent: in vitro, in silico and in vivo evaluations. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:1090-1108. [PMID: 32684052 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1797786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study self-assembled drug delivery system (SADDs) composed of a hydrophobic d-α-tocopherol succinate (TS) and a hydrophilic vancomycin (VCM) were formulated, and its potential for enhancing the antibacterial activity of VCM against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were explored. The SADDs were synthesized via supramolecular complexation, then characterized for in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies. In silico studies confirmed the self-assembly of VCM/TS into NPs. The size, surface charge and drug loading of the SADDs was ˂100 nm, -27 mV and 68%, respectively. The SADDs were non-hemolytic and biosafe. A sustained release of VCM from SADDs was noted, with 52.2% release after 48 hr. The in vitro antibacterial test showed a twofold decrease in Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against SA and MRSA, and a significantly higher reduction in MRSA biofilms compared to bare VCM. Further, in silico studies confirmed strong and stable binding of TS to MRSA efflux pumps. The in vivo study using mice skin infection models showed a 9.5-fold reduction in bacterial load after treatment with SADDs, in comparison with bare VCM. These findings affirmed that VCM/TS NPs as a promising novel nano-delivery for treating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salih
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ahmed A Elrashedy
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Bidossi A, Bottagisio M, De Grandi R, De Vecchi E. Ability of adhesion and biofilm formation of pathogens of periprosthetic joint infections on titanium-niobium nitride (TiNbN) ceramic coatings. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:90. [PMID: 32131862 PMCID: PMC7057644 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Orthopedic metal implants are notoriously associated with release of metallic ions able to cause biological adverse reactions which might lead to implant loosening and failure. To limit any possible adverse reactions, ceramic coatings for orthopedic metal implants have been introduced. However, information regarding the interaction of these coatings with microbes responsible for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) is lacking. Hence, the aim of the present in vitro study is to assess the microbial affinity to a titanium-niobium nitride (TiNbN) coating. Methods Adhesion and biofilm formation of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Cutibacterium acnes were assessed on TiNbN-coated titanium discs in comparison with uncoated titanium and cobalt-chrome alloys discs, with either smooth or rough surfaces. Bacterial adhesion was performed by counting adhered bacteria in the first hours of incubation, and the biofilm formation was performed by means of a spectrophotometric assay and by confocal laser scan microscopy after 72 hours of incubation. Results Overall, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, among the most common bacteria responsible for PJIs, displayed a significantly decreased attachment in the first hours of contact and, when cultured in presence of TiNbN coating, in comparison with CoCrMo. Biofilm formation of the four tested strains was comparable on all alloys. Conclusions Although the onset of a PJI is more complex than in an in vitro scenario, these findings suggest that TiNbN-coated orthopedic implants do not increase PJIs risk while ameliorating tribological and surface properties could represent a valid choice to limit possible complications such as metal hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bidossi
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Via R. Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marta Bottagisio
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Via R. Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta De Grandi
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Via R. Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena De Vecchi
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Via R. Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
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Vergalito F, Pietrangelo L, Petronio Petronio G, Colitto F, Alfio Cutuli M, Magnifico I, Venditti N, Guerra G, Di Marco R. Vitamin E for Prevention of Biofilm-caused Healthcare-associated Infections. Open Med (Wars) 2019; 15:14-21. [PMID: 31922015 PMCID: PMC6944457 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) occur in patients both in nosocomial environments and in community. More often HCAIs are associated to the use of medical devices and bacterial biofilm development on these equipments. Due to the clinical and economic relevance of this topic, new strategies for the treatment of infections caused by biofilm proliferation are unceasingly searched by scientists. The present study investigated the role of vitamin E to reduce the biofilm formation for a larger panel of human pathogens, including strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida. This potential activity was tested by placing a preparation of vitamin E (α-Tocopheryl acetate) as interface between the bacterial culture and the polystyrene walls of a 96 well plate at different concentrations of glucose, used as a biofilm enhancer. The Staphylococcus genus was further investigated by spreading the vitamin E on a silicone catheter lumen and evaluating its influence on the bacterial colonization. From our results, vitamin E has been able to interfere with bacterial biofilm and prevent in vitro biofilm formation. Furthermore, the ability of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to colonize the catheter surface decreased as a result of vitamin E application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Vergalito
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giulio Petronio Petronio
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Federica Colitto
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Alfio Cutuli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Irene Magnifico
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Noemi Venditti
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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Bottagisio M, Soggiu A, Piras C, Bidossi A, Greco V, Pieroni L, Bonizzi L, Roncada P, Lovati AB. Proteomic Analysis Reveals a Biofilm-Like Behavior of Planktonic Aggregates of Staphylococcus epidermidis Grown Under Environmental Pressure/Stress. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1909. [PMID: 31551940 PMCID: PMC6743020 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic joint replacement failure has a huge impact on quality of life and hospitalization costs. A leading cause of prosthetic joint infection is bacteria-forming biofilm on the surface of orthopedic devices. Staphylococcus epidermidis is an emergent, low-virulence pathogen implicated in chronic infections, barely indistinguishable from aseptic loosening when embedded in a mature matrix. The literature on the behavior of quiescent S. epidermidis in mature biofilms is scarce. To fill this gap, we performed comparative analysis of the whole proteomic profiles of two methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains growing in planktonic and in sessile form to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying biofilm stability. After 72-h culture of biofilm-forming S. epidermidis, overexpression of proteins involved in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphate and polysaccharides was observed, whereas planktonic bacteria expressed proteins linked to stress and anaerobic growth. Cytological analysis was performed to determine why planktonic bacteria unexpectedly expressed proteins typical of sessile culture. Images evidenced that prolonged culture under vigorous agitation can create a stressful growing environment that triggers microorganism aggregation in a biofilm-like matrix as a mechanism to survive harsh conditions. The choice of a unique late time point provided an important clue for future investigations into the biofilm-like behavior of planktonic cells. Our preliminary results may inform comparative proteomic strategies in the study of mature bacterial biofilm. Finally, there is an increasing number of studies on the aggregation of free-floating bacteria embedded in an extracellular matrix, prompting the need to gain further insight into this mode of bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bottagisio
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DiMeVet), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DiMeVet), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bidossi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Greco
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Roma, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Pieroni
- Proteomics and Metabonomics Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DiMeVet), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arianna B Lovati
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Implant-related infections are associated with impaired bone healing and osseointegration. In vitro antiadhesive and antibacterial properties and in vivo antiinflammatory effects protecting against bone loss of various formulations of vitamin E have been demonstrated in animal models. However, to the best of our knowledge, no in vivo studies have demonstrated the synergistic activity of vitamin E in preventing bacterial adhesion to orthopaedic implants, thus supporting the bone-implant integration. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The purpose of this study was to test whether a vitamin E phosphate coating on titanium implants may be able to reduce (1) the bacterial colonization of prosthetic implants and (2) bone resorption and osteomyelitis in a rat model of Staphylococcus aureus-induced implant-related infection. METHODS Twelve rats were bilaterally injected in the femurs with S aureus UAMS-1-Xen40 and implanted with uncoated or vitamin E phosphate-coated titanium Kirschner wires without local or systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. Eight rats represented the uninfected control group. A few hours after surgery, two control and three infected animals died as a result of unexpected complications. With the remaining rats, we assessed the presence of bacterial contamination with qualitative bioluminescence imaging and Gram-positive staining and with quantitative bacterial count. Bone changes in terms of resorption and osteomyelitis were quantitatively analyzed through micro-CT (bone mineral density) and semiquantitatively through histologic scoring systems. RESULTS Six weeks after implantation, we found only a mild decrease in bacterial count in coated versus uncoated implants (Ti versus controls: mean difference [MD], -3.705; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.416 to -2.994; p < 0.001; TiVE versus controls: MD, -3.063; 95% CI, -3.672 to -2.454; p < 0.001), whereas micro-CT analysis showed a higher bone mineral density at the knee and femoral metaphysis in the vitamin E-treated group compared with uncoated implants (knee joint: MD, -11.88; 95% CI, -16.100 to -7.664; p < 0.001 and femoral metaphysis: MD, -19.87; 95% CI, -28.82 to -10.93; p < 0.001). We found decreased osteonecrosis (difference between medians, 1.5; 95% CI, 1-2; p < 0.002) in the infected group receiving the vitamin E-coated nails compared with the uncoated nails. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings indicate that vitamin E phosphate implant coatings can exert a protective effect on bone deposition in a highly contaminated animal model of implant-related infection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of vitamin E coatings may open new perspectives for developing coatings that can limit septic loosening of infected implants with bacterial contamination. However, a deeper insight into the mechanism of action and the local release of vitamin E as a coating for orthopaedic implants is required to be used in clinics in the near future. Although this study cannot support the antimicrobial properties of vitamin E, promising results were obtained for bone-implant osseointegration. These preliminary results will require further in vivo investigations to optimize the host response in the presence of antibiotic prophylaxis.
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CORR Insights®: Vitamin E Phosphate Coating Stimulates Bone Deposition in Implant-related Infections in a Rat Model. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018; 476:1339-1340. [PMID: 29629938 PMCID: PMC6263604 DOI: 10.1007/s11999.0000000000000304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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