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Gao X, Liu X, Ma L, Wang R. Root vertical distributions of two Artemisia species and their relationships with soil resources in the Hunshandake desert, China. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:3112-3119. [PMID: 32211181 PMCID: PMC7083654 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant root variations and their relations with soil moisture and nutrient supply have been well documented for many species, while effects of drought, combined with extreme poor soil nutrients, on plant roots remain unclear.Herein, we addressed root vertical distributions of two typical xerophyte semishrub species, Artemisia sphaerocephala and A. intramongolica, and their relations with soil moisture, total soil nitrogen and carbon contents in arid Hunshandake desert, China. The two species experienced similar light regimes and precipitation, but differed in soil moisture and soil nutrients.Root vertical distribution patterns (e.g., coarse root diameter, root depth and root biomass) differed considerable for the two species due to high heterogeneity of soil environments. Coarse and fine root biomasses for A. intramongolica, distributed in relatively moist fixed dunes, mainly focused on surface layers (94%); but those for A. sphaerocephala dropped gradually from the surface to 140 cm depth. Relations between root traits (e.g., diameter, root biomass) and soil moisture were positive for A. intramongolica, but those for A. sphaerocephala were negative.In general, the root traits for both species positively correlated with total soil nitrogen and carbon contents. These findings suggest that both soil moisture and poor soil nutrients were the limiting resources for growth and settlement of these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Linna Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Renzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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Drake JE, Furze ME, Tjoelker MG, Carrillo Y, Barton CVM, Pendall E. Climate warming and tree carbon use efficiency in a whole-tree 13 CO 2 tracer study. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:1313-1324. [PMID: 30840319 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Autotrophic respiration is a major driver of the global C cycle and may contribute a positive climate warming feedback through increased atmospheric concentrations of CO2 . The extent of this feedback depends on plants' ability to acclimate respiration to maintain a constant carbon use efficiency (CUE). We quantified respiratory partitioning of gross primary production (GPP) and CUE of field-grown trees in a long-term warming experiment (+3°C). We delivered a 13 C-CO2 pulse to whole tree crowns and chased that pulse in the respiration of leaves, whole crowns, roots, and soil. We also measured the isotopic composition of soil microbial biomass and the respiration rates of leaves and whole crowns. We documented homeostatic respiratory acclimation of foliar and whole-crown respiration rates; the trees adjusted to experimental warming such that leaf-level respiration rates were not increased. Experimental warming had no detectable impact on respiratory partitioning or mean residence times. Of the 13 C label acquired by the trees, aboveground respiration consumed 10%, belowground respiration consumed 40%, and the remaining 50% was retained. Experimental warming of +3°C did not alter respiratory partitioning at the scale of entire trees, suggesting that complete acclimation of respiration to warming is likely to dampen a positive climate warming feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Drake
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- Department of Forest and Natural Resources Management, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Morgan E Furze
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Mark G Tjoelker
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Yolima Carrillo
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Craig V M Barton
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Elise Pendall
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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Roscher C, Karlowsky S, Milcu A, Gessler A, Bachmann D, Jesch A, Lange M, Mellado-Vázquez P, Strecker T, Landais D, Ravel O, Buchmann N, Roy J, Gleixner G. Functional composition has stronger impact than species richness on carbon gain and allocation in experimental grasslands. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0204715. [PMID: 30703101 PMCID: PMC6354960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous experiments have shown positive diversity effects on plant productivity, but little is known about related processes of carbon gain and allocation. We investigated these processes in a controlled environment (Montpellier European Ecotron) applying a continuous 13CO2 label for three weeks to 12 soil-vegetation monoliths originating from a grassland biodiversity experiment (Jena Experiment) and representing two diversity levels (4 and 16 sown species). Plant species richness did not affect community- and species-level 13C abundances neither in total biomass nor in non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). Community-level 13C excess tended to be higher in the 16-species than in the 4-species mixtures. Community-level 13C excess was positively related to canopy leaf nitrogen (N), i.e. leaf N per unit soil surface. At the species level, shoot 13C abundances varied among plant functional groups and were larger in legumes and tall herbs than in grasses and small herbs, and correlated positively with traits as leaf N concentrations, stomatal conductance and shoot height. The 13C abundances in NSC were larger in transport sugars (sucrose, raffinose-family oligosaccharides) than in free glucose, fructose and compounds of the storage pool (starch) suggesting that newly assimilated carbon is to a small portion allocated to storage. Our results emphasize that the functional composition of communities is key in explaining carbon assimilation in grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Roscher
- Department of Physiological Diversity, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Alexandru Milcu
- Montpellier European Ecotron (UPS 3248), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Montferrier sur-Lez, France
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (UMR 5175), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dörte Bachmann
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Jesch
- Department of Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Lange
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Strecker
- J.F. Blumbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Damien Landais
- Montpellier European Ecotron (UPS 3248), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Montferrier sur-Lez, France
| | - Olivier Ravel
- Montpellier European Ecotron (UPS 3248), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Montferrier sur-Lez, France
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Roy
- Montpellier European Ecotron (UPS 3248), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Montferrier sur-Lez, France
| | - Gerd Gleixner
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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