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Welton T, Hartono S, Shih YC, Schwarz ST, Xing Y, Tan EK, Auer DP, Harel N, Chan LL. Ultra-high-field 7T MRI in Parkinson's disease: ready for clinical use?-a narrative review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:7607-7620. [PMID: 37969629 PMCID: PMC10644128 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective The maturation of ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [≥7 Tesla (7T)] has improved our capability to depict and characterise brain structures efficiently, with better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution. We evaluated whether these improvements benefit the clinical detection and management of Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods We performed a literature search in March 2023 in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE and Google Scholar for articles on "7T MRI" AND "Parkinson*", written in English, published between inception and 1st March, 2023, which we synthesised in narrative form. Key Content and Findings In deep-brain stimulation (DBS) surgical planning, early studies show that 7T MRI can distinguish anatomical substructures, and that this results in reduced adverse effects. In other areas, while there is strong evidence for improved accuracy and precision of 7T MRI-based measurements for PD, there is limited evidence for meaningful clinical translation. In particular, neuromelanin-iron complex quantification and visualisation in midbrain nuclei is enhanced, enabling depiction of nigrosomes 1-5, improved morphometry and vastly improved radiological assessments; however, studies on the related clinical outcomes, diagnosis, subtyping, differentiation of atypical parkinsonisms, and monitoring of treatment response using 7T MRI are lacking. Moreover, improvements in clinical utility must be great enough to justify the additional costs. Conclusions Together, current evidence supports feasible future clinical implementation of 7T MRI for PD. Future impacts to clinical decision making for diagnosis, differentiation, and monitoring of progression or treatment response are likely; however, to achieve this, further longitudinal studies using 7T MRI are needed in prodromal, early-stage PD and parkinsonism cohorts focusing on clinical translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Welton
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Septian Hartono
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yao-Chia Shih
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University and National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Stefan T. Schwarz
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Radiology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Yue Xing
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Eng-King Tan
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dorothee P. Auer
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Noam Harel
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ling-Ling Chan
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Pizarro-Galleguillos BM, Kunert L, Brüggemann N, Prasuhn J. Iron- and Neuromelanin-Weighted Neuroimaging to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213678. [PMID: 36430157 PMCID: PMC9696602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying causes of Parkinson's disease are complex, and besides recent advances in elucidating relevant disease mechanisms, no disease-modifying treatments are currently available. One proposed pathophysiological hallmark is mitochondrial dysfunction, and a plethora of evidence points toward the interconnected nature of mitochondria in neuronal homeostasis. This also extends to iron and neuromelanin metabolism, two biochemical processes highly relevant to individual disease manifestation and progression. Modern neuroimaging methods help to gain in vivo insights into these intertwined pathways and may pave the road to individualized medicine in this debilitating disorder. In this narrative review, we will highlight the biological rationale for studying these pathways, how distinct neuroimaging methods can be applied in patients, their respective limitations, and which challenges need to be overcome for successful implementation in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Matis Pizarro-Galleguillos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23588 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Liesa Kunert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23588 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23588 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-451-500-43420; Fax: +49-451-500-43424
| | - Jannik Prasuhn
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23588 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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Biswas D, Banerjee R, Sarkar S, Choudhury S, Sanyal P, Tiwari M, Kumar H. Nigrosome and Neuromelanin Imaging as Tools to Differentiate Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:1029-1035. [PMID: 36911494 PMCID: PMC9996486 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_285_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) lacks a definitive diagnosis due to a lack of pathological validation of patients at antemortem. The risk of misdiagnosis is high in the early stages of PD, often eluded by atypical parkinsonian symptoms. Neuroimaging and laboratory biomarkers are being sought to aid in the clinical diagnosis of PD. Nigrosome imaging and neuromelanin (NM)-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the new emerging tools, both technically simple plus cost-effective for studying nigral pathology, and have shown potential for authenticating the clinical diagnosis of PD. Visual assessment of the nigrosome-1 appearance, at 3 or 7 Tesla, yields excellent diagnostic accuracy for differentiating idiopathic PD from healthy controls. Moreover, midbrain atrophy and putaminal hypointensity in nigrosome-1 imaging are valid pointers in distinguishing PD from allied parkinsonian disorders. The majority of studies employed T2 and susceptibility-weighted imaging MRI sequences to visualize nigrosome abnormalities, whereas T1-weighted fast-spin echo sequences were used for NM imaging. The diagnostic performance of NM-sensitive MRI in discriminating PD from normal HC can be improved further. Longitudinal studies with adequate sampling of varied uncertain PD cases should be designed to accurately evaluate the sensitivity and diagnostic potential of nigrosome and NM imaging techniques. Equal weightage is to be given to uniformity and standardization of protocols, data analysis, and interpretation of results. There is tremendous scope for identifying disease-specific structural changes in varied forms of parkinsonism with these low-cost imaging tools. Nigrosome-1 and midbrain NM imaging may not only provide an accurate diagnosis of PD but could mature into tools for personally tailored treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Biswas
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rebecca Banerjee
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Swagata Sarkar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Supriyo Choudhury
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritimoy Sanyal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
| | - Mona Tiwari
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Hrishikesh Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Okada T, Fujimoto K, Fushimi Y, Akasaka T, Thuy DHD, Shima A, Sawamoto N, Oishi N, Zhang Z, Funaki T, Nakamoto Y, Murai T, Miyamoto S, Takahashi R, Isa T. Neuroimaging at 7 Tesla: a pictorial narrative review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:3406-3435. [PMID: 35655840 PMCID: PMC9131333 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimaging using the 7-Tesla (7T) human magnetic resonance (MR) system is rapidly gaining popularity after being approved for clinical use in the European Union and the USA. This trend is the same for functional MR imaging (MRI). The primary advantages of 7T over lower magnetic fields are its higher signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios, which provide high-resolution acquisitions and better contrast, making it easier to detect lesions and structural changes in brain disorders. Another advantage is the capability to measure a greater number of neurochemicals by virtue of the increased spectral resolution. Many structural and functional studies using 7T have been conducted to visualize details in the white matter and layers of the cortex and hippocampus, the subnucleus or regions of the putamen, the globus pallidus, thalamus and substantia nigra, and in small structures, such as the subthalamic nucleus, habenula, perforating arteries, and the perivascular space, that are difficult to observe at lower magnetic field strengths. The target disorders for 7T neuroimaging range from tumoral diseases to vascular, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia. MR spectroscopy has also been used for research because of its increased chemical shift that separates overlapping peaks and resolves neurochemicals more effectively at 7T than a lower magnetic field. This paper presents a narrative review of these topics and an illustrative presentation of images obtained at 7T. We expect 7T neuroimaging to provide a new imaging biomarker of various brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Okada
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Fujimoto
- Department of Real World Data Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fushimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thai Akasaka
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dinh H. D. Thuy
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shima
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobukatsu Sawamoto
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Oishi
- Medial Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Funaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Isa
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Düzel E, Costagli M, Donatelli G, Speck O, Cosottini M. Studying Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with 7-T magnetic resonance. Eur Radiol Exp 2021; 5:36. [PMID: 34435242 PMCID: PMC8387546 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-021-00221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic resonance (MR) scanners, that is, equipment operating at static magnetic field of 7 tesla (7 T) and above, enable the acquisition of data with greatly improved signal-to-noise ratio with respect to conventional MR systems (e.g., scanners operating at 1.5 T and 3 T). The change in tissue relaxation times at UHF offers the opportunity to improve tissue contrast and depict features that were previously inaccessible. These potential advantages come, however, at a cost: in the majority of UHF-MR clinical protocols, potential drawbacks may include signal inhomogeneity, geometrical distortions, artifacts introduced by patient respiration, cardiac cycle, and motion. This article reviews the 7 T MR literature reporting the recent studies on the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Düzel
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany. .,University College London, London, UK.
| | - Mauro Costagli
- IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy.,University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Graziella Donatelli
- Fondazione Imago 7, Pisa, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Oliver Speck
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Diagnostic accuracy of the appearance of Nigrosome-1 on magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 78:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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7
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Porter E, Roussakis AA, Lao-Kaim NP, Piccini P. Multimodal dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterise early Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 79:26-33. [PMID: 32861103 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterised by the progressive loss of dopaminergic nigrostriatal terminals. Currently, in early idiopathic PD, dopamine transporter (DAT)-specific imaging assesses the extent of striatal dopaminergic deficits, and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain excludes the presence of significant ischaemic load in the basal ganglia as well as signs indicative of other forms of Parkinsonism. In this article, we discuss the use of multimodal DAT-specific and MRI protocols for insight into the early pathological features of idiopathic PD, including: structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, nigrosomal iron imaging and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI sequences. These measures may be acquired serially or simultaneously in a hybrid scanner. From current evidence, it appears that both nigrosomal iron imaging and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI combined with DAT-specific imaging are useful to assist clinicians in diagnosing PD, while conventional structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging protocols are better suited to a research context focused on characterising early PD pathology. We believe that in the future multimodal imaging will be able to characterise prodromal PD and stratify the clinical stages of PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Porter
- Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Neurology Imaging Unit, London, UK
| | | | - Nicholas P Lao-Kaim
- Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Neurology Imaging Unit, London, UK
| | - Paola Piccini
- Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Neurology Imaging Unit, London, UK.
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8
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The clinical application of nigrosome 1 detection on high-resolution susceptibility-weighted imaging in the evaluation of suspected Parkinsonism: The real-world performance and pitfalls. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231010. [PMID: 32240236 PMCID: PMC7117705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the real-world diagnostic performance of high-resolution susceptibility-weighted imaging (HR-SWI) and investigate whether the reader’s predictions can be used to find cases where HR-SWI finding and final clinical diagnosis matched. Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients with suspected Parkinsonism (n = 48) or volunteers with other intracranial pathologies (n = 31) who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including HR-SWI, which was used to evaluate nigrosome 1 (NG1). All patients with suspected Parkinsonism underwent N-3-fluoropropyl-2-carbomethoxy-3-4-iodophenyl nortropane (FP-CIT) positron emission tomography and a clinical diagnosis was made by a neurologist. The HR-SWI data were qualitatively analyzed by two independent reviewers. A consensus reading was performed and a diagnostic confidence score was assigned. According to final clinical diagnosis, diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to examine whether the diagnostic confidence score could be used to identify HR-SWI finding—final clinical diagnosis matched cases. Results Of the 48 patients with suspected Parkinsonism, 31 were diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, and three with multiple system atrophy. The remaining 14 patients were included in the disease control group. Of the 31 volunteers, 10 subjects were excluded due to possibility of nigrostriatal degeneration and finally 21 subjects were enrolled as controls with non-Parkinsonism pathology (non-PD control). After consensus reading, 25 subjects were classified as true positive and 28 as true negative, according to HR-SWI findings. The calculated diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 73.5%, 80.0%, and 76.8%, respectively. With using diagnostic concordance score, the area under the ROC curve for the detection of concordance case was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72–0.91, p < 0.05). Conclusion The diagnostic performance of NG1 detection using HR-SWI with 3T MRI was within acceptable range. Using the reader's diagnostic confidence could be helpful to find cases which HR-SWI finding and final clinical conclusion match. So HR-SWI may be of added value in the evaluation of suspected Parkinsonism.
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Cheng Z, He N, Huang P, Li Y, Tang R, Sethi SK, Ghassaban K, Yerramsetty KK, Palutla VK, Chen S, Yan F, Haacke EM. Imaging the Nigrosome 1 in the substantia nigra using susceptibility weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping: An application to Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 25:102103. [PMID: 31869769 PMCID: PMC6933220 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a clinically heterogeneous chronic progressive neuro-degenerative disease with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrosome 1 (N1) territory of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). To date, there has been a major effort to identify changes in the N1 territory by monitoring increases of iron in the SNpc. However, there is no standard protocol being used to visualize or characterize the N1 territory. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create a robust high quality, rapid imaging protocol, determine a slice by slice characterization of the appearance of N1 (the "N1 sign") and evaluate the loss of the N1 sign in order to differentiate healthy controls (HCs) from patients with PD. Firstly, one group of 10 HCs was used to determine the choice of imaging parameters. Secondly, another group of 80 HCs was used to characterize the appearance of the N1 sign and train the raters. In this step, the magnitude, susceptibility weighted images (SWI), quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM) and true SWI (tSWI) images were all reviewed using data from a 3D gradient recalled echo sequence. A resolution of 0.67 mm × 0.67 mm × 1.34 mm was chosen based on the ability to cover all the basal ganglia, midbrain and dentate nucleus with good signal-to-noise with echo times of 11 ms and 20 ms. Thirdly, 80 Parkinsonism and related disorders patients [idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD): 57; atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APs): 14; essential tremor (ET): 9] and one additional group of 80 age-matched HCs were blindly analyzed for the presence or absence of the N1 sign for a differential diagnosis. From the first group of 80 HCs, all of the 76 (100%) cases (4 were excluded due to motion artifacts) showed the N1 sign in one form or another after reviewing the first 5 caudal slices of the SN. For the second group of 80 HCs, 78 (97.5%) showed the N1 sign in at least 2 slices. Of the 80 Parkinsonism and related disorders patients, 32 (56.1%, 32/57) IPD and 6 (42.9%, 6/14) APs showed a bilateral loss of the N1 sign, 12 (21.1%, 12/57) IPD and 6 (42.9%, 6/14) APs showed the N1 sign unilaterally and 13 (22.8%, 13/57) IPD and 2 (14.2%, 2/14) APs showed the N1 sign bilaterally. Also, all 9 (100%, 9/9) ET patients showed the N1 sign bilaterally. The mean total structure and mean high susceptibility region for the SN for both IPD and APs patients with bilateral loss of N1 were higher than those of the HCs (p < 0.002). In conclusion, the N1 sign can be consistently visualized using tSWI with a resolution of at least 0.67 mm × 0.67 mm × 1.34 mm and can be seen in 95% of HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Naying He
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Pei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rongbiao Tang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Sean K. Sethi
- Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc, 30200 Telegraph Road, Bingham Farms, MI, 48025, USA
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave. Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Kiarash Ghassaban
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave. Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave. Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Kiran Kumar Yerramsetty
- MR Medical Imaging Innovations India Pvt. Ltd, Flat No.401, Plot No.397, SAI HOUSE, Ayyappa Society, Madhapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500081, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Palutla
- MR Medical Imaging Innovations India Pvt. Ltd, Flat No.401, Plot No.397, SAI HOUSE, Ayyappa Society, Madhapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500081, India
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - E. Mark Haacke
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc, 30200 Telegraph Road, Bingham Farms, MI, 48025, USA
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave. Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave. Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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Prange S, Metereau E, Thobois S. Structural Imaging in Parkinson’s Disease: New Developments. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019; 19:50. [DOI: 10.1007/s11910-019-0964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Rizzo G, De Blasi R, Capozzo R, Tortelli R, Barulli MR, Liguori R, Grasso D, Logroscino G. Loss of Swallow Tail Sign on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 67:61-65. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-180687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Rizzo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciencest, tNeurology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto De Blasi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, Italy
| | - Rosa Capozzo
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tortelli
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Barulli
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciencest, tNeurology Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Grasso
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari, Pia Fondazione di Culto e Religione “Card. G. Panico”, Tricase, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Kau T, Hametner S, Endmayr V, Deistung A, Prihoda M, Haimburger E, Menard C, Haider T, Höftberger R, Robinson S, Reichenbach JR, Lassmann H, Traxler H, Trattnig S, Grabner G. Microvessels may Confound the “Swallow Tail Sign” in Normal Aged Midbrains: A Postmortem 7 T SW-MRI Study. J Neuroimaging 2018; 29:65-69. [DOI: 10.1111/jon.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kau
- Department of Radiologic Technology; Carinthia University of Applied Sciences; Klagenfurt Austria
- Institute of Radiology; Villach General Hospital; Villach Austria
| | - Simon Hametner
- Center for Brain Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Verena Endmayr
- Center for Brain Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Andreas Deistung
- Medical Physics Group, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller-University; Jena Germany
- Section of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology; Essen University Hospital; Essen Germany
| | - Max Prihoda
- Department of Radiologic Technology; Carinthia University of Applied Sciences; Klagenfurt Austria
| | - Evelin Haimburger
- Department of Radiologic Technology; Carinthia University of Applied Sciences; Klagenfurt Austria
| | - Christian Menard
- Department of Medical Engineering; Carinthia University of Applied Sciences; Klagenfurt Austria
| | - Thomas Haider
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Institute of Neurology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Simon Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field Magnetic Resonance Centre; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Jürgen R. Reichenbach
- Medical Physics Group, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller-University; Jena Germany
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Center for Brain Research; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Hannes Traxler
- Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field Magnetic Resonance Centre; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Günther Grabner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field Magnetic Resonance Centre; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Institute for Applied Research on Ageing; Carinthia University of Applied Sciences; Klagenfurt Austria
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Present and Future of Ultra-High Field MRI in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018; 18:31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11910-018-0841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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