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Huang Z, Chiba H, Hu Y, Deng X, Fei W, Sáfián S, Wu L, Wang M, Fan X. Molecular phylogeny of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) with an emphasis on Asian and African genera. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 198:108119. [PMID: 38849065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite considerable research efforts in recent years, the deeper phylogenetic relationships among skipper butterflies (Hesperiidae) remain unresolved. This is primarily because of limited sampling, especially within Asian and African lineages. In this study, we consolidated previous data and extensively sampled Asian and African taxa to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships within Hesperiidae. The molecular dataset comprised sequences from two mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions from 563 species that represented 353 genera. Our analyses revealed seven subfamilies within Hesperiidae: Coeliadinae, Euschemoninae, Eudaminae, Pyrginae, Heteropterinae, Trapezitinae, and Hesperiinae. The systematics of most tribes and genera aligned with those of prior studies. However, notable differences were observed in several tribes and genera. Overall, the position of taxa assigned to incertae sedis in Hesperiinae is largely clarified in this study. Our results strongly support the monophyly of the tribe Tagiadini (Pyrginae), and the systematics of some genera are clarified with comprehensive discussion. We recognize 15 tribes within the subfamily Hesperiinae. Of these, nine tribes are discussed in detail: Aeromachini, Astictopterini, Erionotini, Unkanini (new status), Ancistroidini, Ismini (confirmed status), Plastingini (new status), Gretnini (confirmed status), and Eetionini (confirmed status). We propose four subtribes within Astictopterini: Hypoleucina subtrib.n., Aclerosina, Cupithina, and Astictopterina. Furthermore, we describe a new genus (Hyarotoidesgen.n.) and reinstate two genera (Zeareinst.stat. and Separeinst.stat.) as valid. Additionally, we propose several new combinations: Zea mythecacomb.n.,Sepa bononiacomb.n. & reinst.stat., and Sepa umbrosacomb.n. This study, with extensive sampling of Asian and African taxa, greatly enhances the understanding of the knowledge of the skipper tree of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hideyuki Chiba
- B. P. Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, HI 96817-0916, USA
| | - Yanqing Hu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xiaohua Deng
- Zunyi Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Wen Fei
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Szabolcs Sáfián
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Baross utca 13, Hungary
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaoling Fan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Huang SY, Hou YX, Zhu LJ, Chen LS. First record of the family Neopseustidae from Yunnan, China with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Neopseustidae). Zootaxa 2023; 5357:587-594. [PMID: 38220630 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5357.4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The family Neopseustidae is reported from Yunnan Province, Southwest China, for the first time, with a new species, N. gaoligongensis Huang & Chen, sp. n., described from Mt. Gaoligong, West Yunnan, based on molecular and morphological evidence. The new species was found to belong to the N. bicornuta species-group and is closely related to N. fanjingshana Yang, 1988, but can be distinguished from it by the differences in morphology and a 3.2% COI distance. Adults and genitalia of the new species and N. fanjingshana are illustrated, and the molecular phylogeny based on COI barcoding of the genus Neopseustis is also updated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yao Huang
- Arthropoda Department; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig; Adenauer Allee 127; Bonn 53113; Germany.
| | - Yong-Xiang Hou
- Department of Entomology; College of Plant Protection; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642; Guangdong; China.
| | - Li-Juan Zhu
- Department of Entomology; College of Plant Protection; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642; Guangdong; China.
| | - Liu-Sheng Chen
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry; Guangzhou 510520; Guangdong; China.
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Huang S, Hou Y, Zhu L, Xu Y, Wang M, Fan X, Long Y, Da W, Chen L. ?Description of a new species of the genus Neopseustis Meyrick, 1909 from China, with a new classification of the genus (Lepidoptera, Neopseustoidea, Neopseustidae). Zookeys 2022; 1078:35-48. [PMID: 35035254 PMCID: PMC8695565 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1078.75461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of the genus Neopseustis Meyrick, 1909, Neopseustischentangensis S.Y. Huang & Chen sp. nov., which was confirmed by both morphological and molecular methods, is described from Xizang, China. This is currently the westernmost species in Asia of the primitive lepidopteran family Neopseustidae. The new species is externally reminiscent of N.moxiensis Chen & Owada, 2009; however, it can be easily distinguished from the latter by comparison of the male genitalia and is further distinguished by the large genetic distance in DNA barcodes (COI). The adult and genitalia of the new and similar species have been illustrated. Utilizing our new data, a new classification of the genus is provided, with its members subdivided into four species groups: the meyricki-group, the moxiensis-group, the bicornuta-group, and the chentangensis-group, which are supported by both molecular and morphological evidence. A checklist of the genus and a key to the species groups are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Huang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Yongxiang Hou
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Yongqiang Xu
- Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Xizang Autonomous Prefecture, China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoling Fan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Long
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Wa Da
- Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology, Lhasa 850001, Xizang Autonomous Prefecture, China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa China
| | - Liusheng Chen
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong, China Guangdong Academy of Forestry Guangzhou China
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Ma L, Liu F, Chiba H, Yuan X. The mitochondrial genomes of three skippers: Insights into the evolution of the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Genomics 2019; 112:432-441. [PMID: 30898470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We sequenced the mitogenomes of Astictopterus jama, Isoteinon lamprospilus and Notocrypta curvifascia to obtain further insight into the mitogenomic architecture evolution and performed phylogenetic reconstruction using 29 Hesperiidae mitogenome sequences. The complete mitogenome sequences of A. jama, I. lamprospilus and N. curvifascia are 15,430, 15,430 and 15,546 bp in size, respectively. All contain 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and an A + T-rich region. Nucleotide composition is A + T biased, and the majority of the protein-coding genes exhibit a negative AT-skew, which is reflected in the nucleotide composition, codon, and amino acid usage. The A + T-rich region is comprised of nonrepetitive sequences, including the motif ATAGA followed by a poly-T stretch, a microsatellite-like element next to the ATTTA motif, and a poly-A adjacent to tRNAs. Although most genes evolve under a strong purifying selection, the entire nad gene family (especially nad6) exhibits somewhat relaxed purifying selection, and atp8, evolving under a highly relaxed selection, is an outlier in the family Hesperiidae. Several different approaches relatively consistently indicated that nad6, atp8 and nad4 are comparatively fast-evolving genes in this family, which may have implications for future phylogenetic, population genetics and species diagnostics studies. For phylogenetic analyses of Hesperiidae, we tested a few datasets, and found that the one comprising all 37 genes produced the highest node support, indicating that the inclusion of RNAs improves the phylogenetic signal. Results indicate that subfamilies Euschemoninae, Heteropterinae, and Coeliadinae are monophyletic with strong nodal support, but Pyrginae and Eudaminae are paraphyletic. Finally, we confirm that A. jama and I. lamprospilus are close relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hideyuki Chiba
- B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Xiangqun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Jiang W, Zhu J, Wu Y, Li L, Li Y, Ge C, Wang Y, Endersby NM, Hoffmann AA, Yu W. Influence of Wolbachia infection on mitochondrial DNA variation in the genus Polytremis (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 129:158-170. [PMID: 30092356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The maternally inherited obligate bacteria Wolbachia is known for infecting the reproductive tissues of a wide range of arthropods and can contribute to phylogenetically discordant patterns between mtDNA and nDNA. In this study, we tested for an association between mito-nuclear discordance in Polytremis and Wolbachia infection. Six of the 17 species of Polytremis were found to be infected with Wolbachia. Overall, 34% (70/204) of Polytremis specimens were Wolbachia positive and three strains of Wolbachia identified using a wsp marker were further characterized as six strains based on MLST markers. Wolbachia acquisition in Polytremis appears to occur mainly through horizontal transmission rather than codivergence based on comparison of the divergence times of Wolbachia and Polytremis species. At the intraspecific level, one of the Wolbachia infections (wNas1) is associated with reduced mtDNA polymorphism in the infected Polytremis population. At the interspecific level, there is one case of mito-nuclear discordance likely caused by introgression of P. fukia mtDNA into P. nascens driven by another Wolbachia strain (wNas3). Based on an absence of infected males, we suspect that one Wolbachia strain (wNas2) affects sex ratio, but the phenotypic effects of the other strains are unclear. These data reveal a dynamic interaction between Polytremis and Wolbachia endosymbionts affecting patterns of mtDNA variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd., Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- Shanghai Zoological Park, 2381 Hongqiao Rd., Shanghai 200335, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ge
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Nancy M Endersby
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd., Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd., Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Weidong Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guiling Rd., Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China.
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