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Dellaa A, Mbarek S, Kahloun R, Dogui M, Khairallah M, Hammoum I, Rayana-Chekir NB, Charfeddine R, Lachapelle P, Chaouacha-Chekir RB. Functional alterations of retinal neurons and vascular involvement progress simultaneously in the Psammomys obesus model of diabetic retinopathy. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:2620-2635. [PMID: 33474721 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a new diurnal animal model, we monitored clinically the DR in Psammomys obesus (P. obesus) during 7 months using electroretinography (ERG) and imaging techniques. After the onset of DR, all ERG components decreased progressively. In scotopic conditions, by 3-months of disease progression, the diabetic P. obesus displayed a significant decrease in amplitude of b-max, b-wave responses, and mixed b-waves. While mixed a-wave decreased between 4 and 7 months. Significant differences of OP2 appeared following 1 month of disease. In photopic conditions, we noticed a decrease in the a-wave at 2 months, while it took more than 5 months in b-wave amplitude. The photopic negative response (PhNR) and the i-wave amplitudes decreased following 4 and 5 months. OP1 and OP2 were the first to be altered and a significant decrease in the amplitude started after 3 months. Finally, 30 Hz-flicker and photopic S-cone were impaired after 2 and 3 months, respectively. The assessment of the eye fundus of the retina revealed an abnormal vascular architecture appeared at Months 6 and 7. In addition, we noticed exudates in the superior periphery of the retina at the same stage. The retina thickness showed a significant reduction at Month 7. Our results indicate that the clinical correlates of human DR are present in diabetic P. obesus. The depressed of ERGs, disruption of retinal architecture, and the appearance of exudates may reflect vascular and neuronal damage throughout the retina as are seen in the advanced stages of human DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Dellaa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Mbarek
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Rim Kahloun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Dogui
- Department of Functional Explorations of the Nervous System, Hospital of Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Khairallah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imane Hammoum
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Narjess Ben Rayana-Chekir
- Les Ophtalmologistes Associés de Sousse, Résidence Médicale Essalem, Place du Maghreb Arabe-Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Pierre Lachapelle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rafika Ben Chaouacha-Chekir
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Tunisia
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Benlarbi‐Ben Khedher M, Hajri K, Dellaa A, Baccouche B, Hammoum I, Boudhrioua‐Mihoubi N, Dhifi W, Ben Chaouacha‐Chekir R. Astaxanthin inhibits aldose reductase activity in Psammomys obesus, a model of type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3979-3985. [PMID: 31890176 PMCID: PMC6924305 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (ATX) is a marine carotenoid known for its powerful antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo potential inhibitory effect of ATX on the aldose reductase (AR) activity, a key enzyme in the polyol pathway responsible for the pathogenesis of diabetic complications including diabetic retinopathy (DR). The gerbil Psammomys obesus (P. ob.), an animal model for type 2 diabetes and DR has been used. The erythrocyte and retinal AR activity of P. ob. individuals were, respectively, assessed monthly and at the 7th month during a 7-month hypercaloric diet (HD) using a NADPH oxidation method. Meanwhile, the body weight and blood glucose of the gerbils were monitored. After 7 months, P. ob. individuals were fed with ATX (4.8 mg/kg of body weight) once a day for 1 week. The results showed that the HD-fed animals developed significant obesity and hyperglycemia in comparison with controls. Erythrocyte AR activity showed a progressive and significant increase in the HD-fed group compared with controls. Retinal AR activity was higher in the 7-month HD-fed group compared with controls. Erythrocyte AR activity was markedly decreased after ATX-treatment in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggested that ATX inhibited the erythrocyte AR activity and could be used for DR prevention and/or early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Benlarbi‐Ben Khedher
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Khouloud Hajri
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Ahmed Dellaa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Basma Baccouche
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Imane Hammoum
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Nourhene Boudhrioua‐Mihoubi
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Wissal Dhifi
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
| | - Rafika Ben Chaouacha‐Chekir
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB): LR17ES03The High Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST)University of Manouba (UMA)Sidi ThabetTunisia
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Verra DM, Sajdak BS, Merriman DK, Hicks D. Diurnal rodents as pertinent animal models of human retinal physiology and pathology. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 74:100776. [PMID: 31499165 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This presentation will survey the retinal architecture, advantages, and limitations of several lesser-known rodent species that provide a useful diurnal complement to rats and mice. These diurnal rodents also possess unusually cone-rich photoreceptor mosaics that facilitate the study of cone cells and pathways. Species to be presented include principally the Sudanian Unstriped Grass Rat and Nile Rat (Arvicanthis spp.), the Fat Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus), the degu (Octodon degus) and the 13-lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). The retina and optic nerve in several of these species demonstrate unusual resilience in the face of neuronal injury, itself an interesting phenomenon with potential translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Verra
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Dana K Merriman
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI, USA
| | - David Hicks
- Department of Neurobiology of Rhythms, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France.
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Baccouche B, Benlarbi M, Barber AJ, Ben Chaouacha-Chekir R. Short-Term Administration of Astaxanthin Attenuates Retinal Changes in Diet-Induced Diabetic Psammomys obesus. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:1177-1189. [PMID: 30028214 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1484143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psammomys obesus is a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes recently explored as a model of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. This study tested the protective effect of the pigment astaxanthin (AST) in the P. obesus diabetic retina. METHODS Young adult P. obesus were randomly assigned to two groups. The control group received a normal diet consisting of a plant-based regimen, and the HFD group received an enriched laboratory chow. After 3 months, control and diabetic rodents were administered vehicle or AST, daily for 7 days. Body weight, blood glucose, and plasma pentosidine were assessed. Frozen sections of retinas were immunolabeled for markers of oxidative stress, glial reactivity and retinal ganglion cell bodies, and imaged by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Retinal tissue from AST-treated control and HFD-diabetic P. obesus showed a greater expression of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In retinas of HFD-diabetic AST-treated P. obesus, cellular retinaldehyde binding protein and glutamine synthetase in Müller cells were more intense compared to the untreated HFD-diabetic group. HFD-induced diabetes downregulated the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes, the POU domain protein 3A in retinal ganglion cells, and synaptophysin throughout the plexiform layers. DISCUSSION Our results show that type 2-like diabetes induced by HFD affected glial and neuronal retinal cell homeostasis. AST treatment induced the antioxidant enzyme HO-1 and reduced glial reactivity. These findings suggest that diabetic P. obesus is a useful model of HFD-induced obesity and diabetes to evaluate early neuroglial retinal alterations and antioxidant neuroprotection mechanisms in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Baccouche
- a Laboratoire de Physiopthologies , Alimentations et Biomolécules (PAB), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet , Ariana , Tunisie
- b Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte (FSB) , Université de Carthage (UCAR) , Tunis , Tunisie
| | - Maha Benlarbi
- a Laboratoire de Physiopthologies , Alimentations et Biomolécules (PAB), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet , Ariana , Tunisie
| | - Alistair J Barber
- c Department of Ophthalmology , Penn State Hershey Eye Center, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Rafika Ben Chaouacha-Chekir
- a Laboratoire de Physiopthologies , Alimentations et Biomolécules (PAB), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet , Ariana , Tunisie
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Hammoum I, Benlarbi M, Dellaa A, Kahloun R, Messaoud R, Amara S, Azaiz R, Charfeddine R, Dogui M, Khairallah M, Lukáts Á, Ben Chaouacha-Chekir R. Retinal dysfunction parallels morphologic alterations and precede clinically detectable vascular alterations in Meriones shawi, a model of type 2 diabetes. Exp Eye Res 2018; 176:174-187. [PMID: 30009825 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of reduced visual acuity and acquired blindness. The aim of this work was to analyze functional and vascular changes in diabetic Meriones shawi (M.sh) an animal model of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The animals were divided into four groups. Two groups were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 3 and 7 months, two other groups served as age-matched controls. Retinal function was assessed using full field electroretinogram (Ff-ERG). Retinal thickness and vasculature were examined by optical coherence tomography, eye fundus and fluorescein angiography. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine key proteins of glutamate metabolism and synaptic transmission. Diabetic animals exhibited significantly delayed scotopic and photopic ERG responses and decreases in scotopic and photopic a- and b-wave amplitudes at both time points. Furthermore, a decrease of the amplitude of the flicker response and variable changes in the scotopic and photopic oscillatory potentials was reported. A significant decrease in retinal thickness was observed. No evident change in the visual streak area and no sign of vascular abnormality was present; however, some exudates in the periphery were visible in 7 months diabetic animals. Imunohistochemistry detected a decrease in the expression of glutamate synthetase, vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and synaptophysin proteins. Results indicate that a significant retinal dysfunction was present in the HFD induced diabetes involving both rod and cone pathways and this dysfunction correlate well with the morphological abnormalities reported previously. Furthermore, neurodegeneration and abnormalities in retinal function occur before vascular alterations would be detectable in diabetic M.sh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Hammoum
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB) of the High Institute of Biotechnology, Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, El Manar University (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha Benlarbi
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB) of the High Institute of Biotechnology, Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Dellaa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB) of the High Institute of Biotechnology, Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Rim Kahloun
- Service of Ophtalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Messaoud
- Service of Ophtalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Amara
- Service of Ophtalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rached Azaiz
- UNIMED Pharmaceutical Industry, Industrial Area Kalaa Kebira, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Charfeddine
- UNIMED Pharmaceutical Industry, Industrial Area Kalaa Kebira, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Dogui
- Service of Functional Explorations of the Nervous System, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Khairallah
- Service of Ophtalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ákos Lukáts
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rafika Ben Chaouacha-Chekir
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Food and Biomolecules (PAB) of the High Institute of Biotechnology, Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Univ Manouba (UMA), BiotechPole Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
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