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Abrignani V, Salvo A, Pacinella G, Tuttolomondo A. The Mediterranean Diet, Its Microbiome Connections, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4942. [PMID: 38732161 PMCID: PMC11084172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD), rich in minimally processed plant foods and in monounsaturated fats but low in saturated fats, meat, and dairy products, represents one of the most studied diets for cardiovascular health. It has been shown, from both observational and randomized controlled trials, that MD reduces body weight, improves cardiovascular disease surrogates such as waist-to-hip ratios, lipids, and inflammation markers, and even prevents the development of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other diseases. However, it is unclear whether it offers cardiovascular benefits from its individual components or as a whole. Furthermore, limitations in the methodology of studies and meta-analyses have raised some concerns over its potential cardiovascular benefits. MD is also associated with characteristic changes in the intestinal microbiota, mediated through its constituents. These include increased growth of species producing short-chain fatty acids, such as Clostridium leptum and Eubacterium rectale, increased growth of Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species, and reduced growth of Firmicutes and Blautia species. Such changes are known to be favorably associated with inflammation, oxidative status, and overall metabolic health. This review will focus on the effects of MD on cardiovascular health through its action on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Abrignani
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Salvo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pacinella
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Capra ME, Monopoli D, Decarolis NM, Giudice A, Stanyevic B, Esposito S, Biasucci G. Dietary Models and Cardiovascular Risk Prevention in Pediatric Patients. Nutrients 2023; 15:3664. [PMID: 37630854 PMCID: PMC10458109 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional intervention is worldwide recognized as a first step treatment for subjects with increased cardiovascular risk and it is of utmost importance especially for children and adolescents. Currently scientific evidence supports the role of dietary patterns instead of simple single nutrients or foods in cardiovascular risk prevention. Indeed, the American Heart Association dietary guidelines have expanded beyond nutrients to dietary pattern, that comprise not only single food items but also behavioral or cultural habits of specific populations. The aim of our narrative review is to analyze the most frequently adopted dietary patterns in children and adolescents and to evaluate their effect on cardiovascular risk factors and in cardiovascular risk prevention. Literature review showed that children cannot be considered as little adults: nutritional intervention must always grant adequate growth and neurodevelopment before reaching the proposed goals, therefore dietary patterns considered heart-healthy for adult subjects might not be suitable for pediatric patients. Mediterranean diet, DASH diet, Nordic diet and some plant-based diets seem to be the most promising dietary patterns in terms of cardiovascular health in the developmental age, even if further studies are needed to better standardize and analyze their effect on growing up individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Capra
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.E.C.); (G.B.)
- Società Italiana di Nutrizione Pediatrica, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Monopoli
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (D.M.); (N.M.D.); (A.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Nicola Mattia Decarolis
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (D.M.); (N.M.D.); (A.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Antonella Giudice
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (D.M.); (N.M.D.); (A.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Brigida Stanyevic
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (D.M.); (N.M.D.); (A.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (D.M.); (N.M.D.); (A.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Giacomo Biasucci
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.E.C.); (G.B.)
- Società Italiana di Nutrizione Pediatrica, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
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Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Diet Counselling on Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle in Patients after Myocardial Infarction. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194048. [PMID: 36235701 PMCID: PMC9572874 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle—as captured by the Medlife Index Questionnaire (i.e., encompassing a Mediterranean diet as well as other aspects of healthy living, such as food preparation, physical activity, and socializing)—has been associated with reduced cardiovascular events in healthy individuals. In the present study, we sought to determine the adherence to, and the effect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation on, Mediterranean lifestyle adherence in patients after myocardial infarction. We included 121 patients (mean age, 55 years; women, 37%) undergoing comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation—i.e., exercise training 3 times per week for 12 weeks plus dedicated workshops promoting the Mediterranean lifestyle. Before and after cardiac rehabilitation, patients completed the Medlife Index Questionnaire. High baseline adherence was associated with favourable glucose (5.39 vs. 6.1 mmol/L; p < 0.001), triglycerides (1.1 vs. 1.5 mmol/L; p = 0.002), and HDL cholesterol levels (1.32 vs. 1.12 mmol/L; p = 0.032). More importantly, the Medlife Score significantly improved following comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with low baseline adherence (from 13.8 to 16.7 points; p < 0.001), but not in patients with high baseline adherence (from 19.4 to 18.8 points; p = 0.205). Our findings suggested that Mediterranean lifestyle promotion during cardiac rehabilitation improved adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle, especially in low-adherence patients.
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Chrissini MK, Panagiotakos DB. Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients and its Correlation with Obesity Status at Pre-adolescent Stage: A Narrative Review. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18741924-v16-e2206200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a worldwide major cause of premature morbidity and mortality, with considerable health care costs. Metabolic, behavioural, environmental, and social risk factors are significant drivers of AMI, with obesity being a key determinant among them. Childhood obesity constitutes a major health threat that is considered a global epidemic of the 21st century.
Objective:
To assess whether excess weight from the first years of life acts as a predisposing factor in increasing the risk of AMI in young adults.
Methods:
This is a narrative review of the evidence concerning the epidemiology of early AMI and obesity, using PubMed and Google Scholar.
Results:
There is substantial evidence showing that excess weight during childhood multiplies the risk of AMI at an early age.
Conclusion:
Premature AMI seems to have significant drivers related to lifestyle factors, such as childhood obesity. In the era of a childhood obesity epidemic, the aforementioned relationship underlines the need for early prevention and management.
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Dietary Habits of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study from Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148635. [PMID: 35886483 PMCID: PMC9318796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Adults in South Asian countries have high chances of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) as compared to the developed nations. CAD is among the primary non-communicable causes of death in this region. Dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking hypertension, diabetes are considered as important risk factors for CVD. Methods: A case-control study was conducted, with data was collected from the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Lahore and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. A total of 500 subjects were selected, of which 250 were coronary artery disease patients and 250 were healthy controls. The CAD patients were selected from the outpatient department (OPD) and emergency unit of the Punjab Institute of Cardiology and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. Results: The mean age of CAD patients was 57.83 ± 7.51 years and that of the controls was 55.32 ± 6.40 years. There was a significant difference in the mean values of biochemical parameters among cases and controls except for fasting blood sugar levels while there was a significant difference (p-value: 0.000) in the mean values of systolic blood pressure among cases and controls. Similarly, the values of diastolic blood pressure were also significantly different (p-value: 0.000) among cases and controls. The values of total blood cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and HDL were also significantly different among cases and controls. There was a significant relationship between consumption of chicken, eggs, beef, yogurt, junk food, fresh vegetables, and fruits, and incidence of CAD. Consuming milk every day, and consuming fish weekly and consuming ghee had no significant association with the risk of coronary artery disease. On the other hand, from the findings of the unadjusted model, there was a significant association between CAD risk and intake of chicken, beef, egg, yogurt, junk food, fish, vegetables, and fruits. Conclusions: Diet is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and can be adjusted to reduce the risk of CAD. A key finding is that consumption of chicken, beef, eggs and junk food are associated with a high risk of CAD whereas consumption of ghee is not associated with the risk of CAD.
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Sisodiya S, Sinha A, Debnath M, Shekhawat R, Shekhawat SS. Protecting Superfood Olive Crop from Pests and Pathogens Using Image
Processing Techniques: A Review. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666211227103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Olive (Oleo europaea L.) cultivars are widely cultivated all over the
world. However, they are often attacked by pests and pathogens. This deteriorates the quality of
the crop, leading to less yield of olive oil. The different infections that cause comparable disease
symptoms on olive leaves can be classified using image processing techniques.
Objective:
The olive has established itself as a superfood and a possible source of medicine, owing
to the rapid increase in the availability of data in the field of nutrigenomics. The goal of this
review is to underline the importance of applying image processing techniques to detect and
classify diseases early.
Method:
PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were used to conduct a systematic literature
search using the keywords olive oil, pest and pathogen of olives, and metabolic profiling.
Results:
Infections caused by infectious diseases frequently result in significant losses and lowquality
olive oil yields. Early detection of disease infestations can safeguard the olive plant and
its yield.
Results:
This strategy can help protect the crop from disease spread, and early detection and
classification of the disease can aid in prompt prophylaxis of diseased olive plants before the
disease worsens. Protecting olive plants from pests and pathogens can help keep the yield and
quality of olive oil consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Sisodiya
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aditya Sinha
- Department of Computer Science &
Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mousumi Debnath
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajveer Shekhawat
- Department of Computer Science &
Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Basnet TB, Gc S, Basnet BB, Sambou ML, Indayati W, Thapa G. A non-traditional dietary pattern increases risk of coronary artery disease in the Nepalese population. Nutrition 2021; 93:111503. [PMID: 34763311 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several dietary patterns are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Traditional, Western, Mediterranean, and vegetarian are common dietary patterns, derived from principal component analysis (PCA) of dietary food intakes associated with cardiovascular diseases; however, these patterns were derived mostly from the diet habits of people in Western and European countries. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine dietary patterns linked with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Nepalese population. METHODS Food frequency questionnaires were used to estimate dietary intakes in 306 people with CAD and 306 people in a control group matched for age and sex. PCA was performed to deduce the dietary patterns, and conditional logistic regression was executed to determine the association of the dietary patterns with CAD. RESULTS The component of PCA with higher loadings of refined grain, sugar, and meat and lower loadings of milk, whole grain, and fruit was named the non-traditional dietary pattern in the present study. We found a 34% increased risk of CAD (odds ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.58; P < 0.001) associated with this dietary pattern after adjusting for smoking, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Dietary-pattern scores were further categorized into tertiles, and the third tertile was observed with significanly higher odds of CAD than the first tertile (odds ratio, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.14; P for trend = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS PCA-derived non-traditional dietary patterns can be a risk for developing CAD in Nepalese people. However, further cohort studies or randomized community trials are suggested to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Til Bahadur Basnet
- Little Buddha College of Health Sciences, Purbanchal University, Kathmandu, Nepal; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Srijana Gc
- Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | - Goma Thapa
- Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Silveira EA, Noll PRES, Mohammadifard N, Rodrigues APS, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C. Which Diets Are Effective in Reducing Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk in Women with Obesity? An Integrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:3504. [PMID: 34684505 PMCID: PMC8541423 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are more affected by obesity than men which increases their risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, it is important to understand the effectiveness of different types of diet in the context of women's health. This review aims to summarize the scientific evidence on the effects of different types of diet for women with obesity and their impact on CVD and cancer risk. This review included epidemiological and clinical studies on adult women and different types of diets, such as the Mediterranean (MED) diet, the Traditional Brazilian Diet, the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), intermittent fasting (IF), calorie (energy) restriction, food re-education, low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and a very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD). Our main findings showed that although LCDs, VLCD and IF are difficult to adhere to over an extended period, they can be good options for achieving improvements in body weight and cardiometabolic parameters. MED, DASH and the Traditional Brazilian Diet are based on natural foods and reduced processed foods. These diets have been associated with better women's health outcomes, including lower risk of CVD and cancer and the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | | | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
| | | | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
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Marendić M, Polić N, Matek H, Oršulić L, Polašek O, Kolčić I. Mediterranean diet assessment challenges: Validation of the Croatian Version of the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) Questionnaire. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247269. [PMID: 33647026 PMCID: PMC7920370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean diet (MD) is among the most commonly investigated diets and recognized as one of the healthiest dietary patterns. Due to its complexity, geographical and cultural variations, it also represents a challenge for quantification. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess reliability and validity of the Croatian version of the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS), using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) as the referent test. We included the exploratory sample of 360 medical students, and a confirmatory sample of 299 health studies students from the University of Split, Croatia. Test-retest reliability and validity of the MDSS were tested using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), while Cohen's kappa statistic was used to test correct classification of subjects into MD adherent/non-adherent category. A very good reliability was shown for the overall MDSS score (ICC = 0.881 [95% CI 0.843-0.909]), and a moderate reliability for the binary adherence (κ = 0.584). Concurrent validity of the MDSS was also better when expressed as a total score (ICC = 0.544 [0.439-0.629]) as opposed to the adherence (κ = 0.223), with similar result in the confirmatory sample (ICC = 0.510 [0.384-0.610]; κ = 0.216). Disappointingly, only 13.6% of medical students were adherent to the MD according to MDSS, and 19.7% according to the MEDAS questionnaire. Nevertheless, MDSS score was positively correlated with age (ρ = 0.179: P = 0.003), self-assessed health perception (ρ = 0.123; P = 0.047), and mental well-being (ρ = 0.139: P = 0.022). MDSS questionnaire is a short, reliable and reasonably valid instrument, and thus useful for assessing the MD adherence, with better results when used as a numeric score, even in the population with low MD adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Marendić
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- University Postgraduate Doctoral Study Program Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Polić
- Institute of Emergency Medicine of Split-Dalmatia County, Split, Croatia
| | | | | | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- * E-mail:
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Basnet TB, G. C. S, Basnet R, Neupane B. Dietary nutrients of relative importance associated with coronary artery disease: Public health implication from random forest analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243063. [PMID: 33301496 PMCID: PMC7728256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary nutrients have significant effects on the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the results were not uniform across different countries. The study aims to determine the relative importance of dietary nutrients associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) among the Nepalese population. A hospital-based matched case-control study was carried out at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center in Nepal. In the present study, patients with more than seventy percent stenosis in any main coronary artery branch in angiography were defined as cases, while those presenting normal coronary angiography or negative for stressed exercise test were considered controls. Dietary intakes of 612 respondents over the past 12 months were evaluated using a semi-quantitative customized food frequency questionnaire. In conditional regression model, the daily average dietary intake of β-carotene (OR: 0.54; 95%CI: 0.34, 0.87), and vitamin C (OR: 0.96; 95%CI: 0.93, 0.99) were inversely, whereas dietary carbohydrate (OR: 1.16; 95%CI: 1.1, 1.24), total fat/oil (OR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.27, 1.69), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (OR: 1.2; 95%CI: 1.11, 1.3), cholesterol (OR: 1.01; 95%CI: 1.001, 1.014), and iron intakes (OR: 1.11; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.19) were positively linked with CAD. Moreover, in random forest analysis, the daily average dietary intakes of SFA, vitamin A, total fat/oil, β-carotene, and cholesterol were among the top five nutrients (out of 12 nutrients variables) of relative importance associated with CAD. The nutrients of relative importance imply a reasonable preventive measure in public health nutrients specific intervention to prevent CAD in a resource-poor country like Nepal. The findings are at best suggestive of a possible relationship between these nutrients and the development of CAD, but prospective cohort studies and randomized control trials will need to be performed in the Nepalese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Til Bahadur Basnet
- Little Buddha College of Health Sciences, Prubanchal University, Kathmandu, Nepal
- * E-mail:
| | - Srijana G. C.
- Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rajesh Basnet
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bidusha Neupane
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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11
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Ren D, Li F, Gao A, Cao Q, Liu Y, Zhang J. Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes is restricted by ginkgolide B-downregulated microRNA-29. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1067-1076. [PMID: 32295500 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1731651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgolide B exerts a cardioprotective function against ischemia-caused apoptosis in myocardial infarction. Here we sought out to address a functional mechanism associated with microRNA-29 (miR-29). Rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells) were cultured in ginkgolide B-conditioned medium prior to hypoxic induction. To construct miR-29-overexpressed cells, miR-29 mimic was transfected into H9c2 cells. The cells were harvested for assaying survivability and apoptosis by CCK-8 and FITC-Annexin V staining methods. Western blot was applied to identify apoptotic hallmarks and signaling transducers. RT-PCR was carried out for investigating miR-29 expression. Cardiomyocytes were sensitive to hypoxic apoptosis, while ginkgolide B intensified the abilities of cardiomyocytes to resist hypoxia by increasing survivability and repressing apoptosis. Specifically, ginkgolide B repressed Bax and cleaved caspase 3 while enhanced Bcl-2. Ginkgolide B buffered the expression of miR-29 induced by hypoxia. However, ginkgolide B showed a slight role in survivability and apoptosis in the cells overexpressing miR-29. Meanwhile, ginkgolide B triggered the phosphorylation of PI3 K and AKT, as well as induced Sp1, while this beneficial role was abrogated in the cells treated by miR-29 mimic. Our results confirmed that ginkgolide B might have therapeutic significance by repressing hypoxic apoptosis. Ginkgolide B-elicited miR-29 inhibition might be the basis of this beneficial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - An Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingwen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yarong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Junru Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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12
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Zhan C, Shi M, Wu R, He H, Liu X, Shen B. MIRKB: a myocardial infarction risk knowledge base. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2019; 2019:5612251. [PMID: 31688939 PMCID: PMC6830040 DOI: 10.1093/database/baz125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. The etiology of MI is complicated and not completely understood. Many risk factors are reported important for the development of MI, including lifestyle factors, environmental factors, psychosocial factors, genetic factors, etc. Identifying individuals with an increased risk of MI is urgent and a major challenge for improving prevention. The MI risk knowledge base (MIRKB) is developed for facilitating MI research and prevention. The goal of MIRKB is to collect risk factors and models related to MI to increase the efficiency of systems biological level understanding of the disease. MIRKB contains 8436 entries collected from 4366 articles in PubMed before 5 July 2019 with 7902 entries for 1847 single factors, 195 entries for 157 combined factors and 339 entries for 174 risk models. The single factors are classified into the following five categories based on their characteristics: molecular factor (2356 entries, 649 factors), imaging (821 entries, 252 factors), physiological factor (1566 entries, 219 factors), clinical factor (2523 entries, 561 factors), environmental factor (46 entries, 26 factors), lifestyle factor (306 entries, 65 factors) and psychosocial factor (284 entries, 75 factors). MIRKB will be helpful to the future systems level unraveling of the complex mechanism of MI genesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Zhan
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Manhong Shi
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.,College of Information and Network Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hongxin He
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.,Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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La Torre G, Cocchiara RA, Sordo EL, Chiarini M, Siliquini R, Firenze A, Maurici M, Agati L, Saulle R, Mannocci A. Counseling intervention to improve quality of life in patients with pre-existing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a pilot study. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2018; 59:E153-E158. [PMID: 30083623 PMCID: PMC6069404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the light of diagnostic and therapeutic advances, patients with a previous myocardial infarction or with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are vulnerable and need continuous monitoring over time. These pathological frameworks have a strong impact on the economy and on the status of the population and require effective and low-cost solutions. AIMS The objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy in the short term of a telephone counseling intervention to modify the lifestyles of these two patient populations. METHODS In May 2015, all the patients included in the study underwent a questionnaire to evaluate their eating and smoking habits and their quality of life. After randomization in two groups, the intervention group received telephone counseling related to the correct lifestyles. The control group did not undergo any intervention. In September-October 2015, the same initial questionnaire was administered to evaluate changes in patients' behavior. RESULTS 64 patients were included in the study: 34 were assigned to the intervention group and 30 to the control group. The outcomes evaluated were: quality of life, assessment of eating habits and smoking status. After the telephone counseling, the intervention group (34 persons) showed a significant improvement in the score of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p = 0.01) and a significant reduction in the percentage of smokers (p = 0.01) compared to the population that did not receive any intervention (30 persons). On the other hand, the changes related to the quality of life questionnaire were not significant. CONCLUSIONS A single telephone counseling intervention is effective in modifying the lifestyles of patients with a previous myocardial infarction or diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the short term, reducing their risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - R. A. Cocchiara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - E. Lo Sordo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - M. Chiarini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - R. Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin
| | - A. Firenze
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘Giuseppe D’Alessandro’, University of Palermo
| | - M. Maurici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome
| | - L. Agati
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrology, Anestesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - R. Saulle
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - A. Mannocci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
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