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Baptista JDS, Leite TH, Ferreira VKDL, Magalhães LDSPD, Cruz MS, Mathias ACR. Relationship between levels of mindfulness and substance use pattern. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the association between levels of mindfulness and sociodemographic characteristics and pattern of drug use of individuals seeking treatment in a University Service Specialized in Substance Use Disorders. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with 164 individuals over 18 years of age seeking treatment for the use of psychoactive substances in the June 2018-December 2019 period, using a questionnaire for sociodemographic data, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) self-reporting instrument, and the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Results An association was found between low levels of mindfulness mainly with the individual risk of being a medium/high-risk user of sedative-hypnotic drugs (p = 0.020). A borderline association was also found between MAAS and the risk of the individual being a medium/high risk of alcohol (p = 0.053) and with a more severe pattern of substance use (p = 0.065). Conclusion Individuals seeking treatment for substance use presented impairments in the attentional aspect of mindfulness and levels of mindfulness seem to protect against behaviors related to substance use, especially against the use of high/moderate risk of sedative-hypnotics.
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Barros VV, Opaleye ES, Demarzo M, Curado DF, Bowen S, Hachul H, Noto AR. Effects of Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention on the Chronic use of Hypnotics in Treatment-Seeking Women with Insomnia: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Behav Med 2021; 29:266-277. [PMID: 34013489 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-021-10002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypnotics are one of the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide, especially for women, and their chronic use may lead to tolerance, dosage escalation, dependence, withdrawal syndrome, and cognitive impairments, representing a significant public health problem. Consistent evidence from previous studies shows benefits of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for substance use disorders (SUD) and insomnia. However, to date, there is a lack of research about effects of MBIs on reduction/cessation of chronic hypnotic use among women with insomnia. METHOD The present randomized trial evaluated the efficacy of the 8-week group-delivered mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) program in an intervention group (IG, n = 34) compared with weekly phone monitoring only in the control group (CG, n = 36) in reducing hypnotic use and insomnia severity over a 6-month follow-up period. RESULTS There were significant differences between groups at baseline regarding hypnotic use but not insomnia. Group effects on hypnotic use were found immediately after the intervention (bT1 = 2.01, p < 0.001) and at the 2-month follow-up (bT2 = 2.21, p < 0.001), favoring the IG. The IG also had a greater reduction from baseline levels than the control group in insomnia severity at the 4-month (bT3 = 0.21, p = 0.045) and 6-month (bT4 = 0.32, p = 0.002) follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide preliminary evidence of benefits of MBRP for reducing insomnia severity and potentially chronic hypnotic use. However, IG effects on chronic hypnotic use may have resulted from IG and control group differences in chronic hypnotic use at baseline. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02127411.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviam Vargas Barros
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center of Research and Training on Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention -Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo Rua Botucatu, 862, 1st floor, Vila Clementino, 04,023-062, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Emérita Sátiro Opaleye
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center of Research and Training on Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention -Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo Rua Botucatu, 862, 1st floor, Vila Clementino, 04,023-062, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Demarzo
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Departmento de Medicina Preventiva Universidade Federal de São Paulo Avenida Padre José Maria, 545, Santo Amaro, 04,753-060, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Avenida Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, 05,652-900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fernández Curado
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center of Research and Training on Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention -Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo Rua Botucatu, 862, 1st floor, Vila Clementino, 04,023-062, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarah Bowen
- Psychology Department, School of Health Professions Pacific University, 190 SE 8th Ave, Ste 260, 97,123, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Helena Hachul
- Departamento de Psicobiologia Universidade Federal de São Paulo Rua Botucatu, 862, 1st floor, Vila Clementino, 04,023-062, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Ginecologia Universidade Federal de São Paulo Rua Napoleão de Barros, 608, Vila Clementino, 04,024-002, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Ginecologia Casa de Saúde Santa Marcelina Rua Santa Marcelina, 91, Itaquera, Sao Paulo, SP, 08,270-070, Brazil
| | - Ana Regina Noto
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center of Research and Training on Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention -Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo Rua Botucatu, 862, 1st floor, Vila Clementino, 04,023-062, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Curado D, Barros V, Opaleye E, Bowen S, Hachul H, Noto AR. The Role of Mindfulness in the Insomnia Severity of Female Chronic Hypnotic Users. Int J Behav Med 2018; 25:526-531. [PMID: 29728990 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-018-9724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate dispositional mindfulness, psychiatric symptoms, and their relationship with insomnia severity among female chronic hypnotic users. METHODS Observational, cross-sectional study, including 76 women with chronic hypnotic use. Participants completed several self-report questionnaires: sociodemographic characteristics, depressive symptoms (CES-D), anxiety levels (STAI-T), dispositional mindfulness (FFMQ), and insomnia severity (ISI). Exploratory linear regression models were used to identify factors related to insomnia severity. RESULTS Multiple linear regression models showed that, for the total sample (N = 76), age (B = - 0.14, p = 0.003), depressive symptoms (B = 0.16, p = 0.005), and the mindfulness facets "observe" (B = 0.21. p = 0.013) and "act with awareness-auto pilot" (B = - 0.48, p = 0.017) were correlated to insomnia severity. CONCLUSION Results confirm a relationship between mindfulness and insomnia among female chronic hypnotic users, specifically regarding the ability to observe and act with awareness. A higher score on the "observe" facet was positively correlated with insomnia. This may be because the skill of observing itself, isolated from other mindfulness precepts, does not provide sufficient strategies to cope with the observed discomfort. Increased "acting with awareness-autopilot" was negatively correlated with insomnia severity, arguably because it stimulates breaking automatic patterns of thoughts and behaviors that contribute to the perpetuation of the insomnia cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Curado
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center for Research and Training in Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 1° andar Ed. Ciências Biomédicas, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - Viviam Barros
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center for Research and Training in Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 1° andar Ed. Ciências Biomédicas, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Emérita Opaleye
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center for Research and Training in Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 1° andar Ed. Ciências Biomédicas, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Sarah Bowen
- Psychology Department, Pacific University, School of Health Professions, 190 SE 8th Ave., Hillsboro, OR, 97123, USA
| | - Helena Hachul
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil.,Department of Gynecology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Napoleão de Barros, 608 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil.,Department of Gynecology, Casa de Saúde Santa Marcelina, Rua Santa Marcelina, 91 - Itaquera, São Paulo, SP, 08270-070, Brazil
| | - Ana Regina Noto
- Nepsis - Research Center on Health and Substance Use - MBRP Brasil - Brazilian Center for Research and Training in Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 1° andar Ed. Ciências Biomédicas, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
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