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Ouknin M, Alahyane H, Costa J, Majidi L. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Anti-Enzymatic Activities, and In Vitro Insecticidal Potential of Origanum compactum (Benth.) Essential Oils. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2424. [PMID: 39273908 PMCID: PMC11397163 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the variation in the chemical composition of Origanum compactum essential oils (EOs) from four geographically distinct locations. Additionally, we evaluated their antioxidant properties and potential inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase enzymes and their insecticidal proprieties. Notably, this research also marks the first examination of the mineral composition of O. compactum. The chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which identified thymol (28.72-80.39%), carvacrol (6.54-61.84%), p-cymene (0.27-8.64%), linalool (1.44-1.96%), and caryophyllene oxide (1.34-1.56%) as the major constituents. Concurrently, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) revealed significant levels of macro and microelements, including calcium (295.50-512.20 mg/kg), potassium (195.99-398.45 mg/kg), magnesium (59.70-98.45 mg/kg), and iron (43.55-112.60 mg/kg). The EOs demonstrated notable antiradical activities through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and β-carotene bleaching assays. Regarding the insecticidal effect, all studied essential oils showed a significant toxicity against C. capitata adults, and the toxicity was dose and time dependent. The highest insecticidal effect was observed for O. compactum essential oils collected from Gouman (LC50 = 2.515 µL/mL, LC90 = 5.502 µL/mL) after 48 h of treatment. Furthermore, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the EOs exhibited strong inhibitory effects against AChE (84.75-94.01%), tyrosinase (84.75-94.01%), and α-glucosidase (79.90-87.80%), highlighting their potential as natural inhibitors of these enzymes. The essential oils of O. compactum contain components that could be used as a basis for synthetizing derivatives or analogs with potential medicinal applications and pest control properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ouknin
- Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Agadir, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, BP415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Materials and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mohammed V, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Hassan Alahyane
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Beni-Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Jean Costa
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Sciences and Technics Faculty, University of Corsica, 20250 Corse, France
| | - Lhou Majidi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Materials and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Mohammed V, Rabat 10106, Morocco
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2
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Kempraj V, Auth J, Cha DH, Mason CJ. Impact of Larval Food Source on the Stability of the Bactrocera dorsalis Microbiome. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:46. [PMID: 38407587 PMCID: PMC10896919 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial symbionts are crucial to the biology of Bactrocera dorsalis. With larval diet (fruit host) being a key factor that determines microbiome composition and with B. dorsalis using more than 400 fruits as hosts, it is unclear if certain bacterial symbionts are preserved and are passed on to B. dorsalis progenies despite changes in larval diet. Here, we conducted a fly rearing experiment to characterize diet-induced changes in the microbiome of female B. dorsalis. In order to explicitly investigate the impacts of larval diet on the microbiome, including potential stable bacterial constituents of B. dorsalis, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing on the gut tissues of teneral female flies reared from four different host fruits (guava, mango, papaya, and rose apple) infested using a single cohort of wild B. dorsalis that emerged from tropical almond (mother flies). Although B. dorsalis-associated microbiota were predominantly shaped by the larval diet, some major bacterial species from the mother flies were retained in progenies raised on different larval diets. With some variation, Klebsiella (ASV 1 and 2), Morganella (ASV 3), and Providencia (ASV 6) were the major bacterial symbionts that were stable and made up 0.1-80% of the gut and ovipositor microbiome of female teneral flies reared on different host fruits. Our results suggest that certain groups of bacteria are stably associated with female B. dorsalis across larval diets. These findings provide a basis for unexplored research on symbiotic bacterial function in B. dorsalis and may aid in the development of novel management techniques against this devastating pest of horticultural importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kempraj
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Komohana Research and Extension Center, University of Hawai'i, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Jean Auth
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Dong H Cha
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
| | - Charles J Mason
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
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Djobbi W, Msaad Guerfali M, Vallier A, Charaabi K, Charles H, Maire J, Parisot N, Hamden H, Fadhl S, Heddi A, Cherif A. Differential responses of Ceratitis capitata to infection by the entomopathogenic fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286108. [PMID: 37768994 PMCID: PMC10538767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The medfly Ceratitis capitata is one of the most damaging fruit pests with quarantine significance due to its extremely wide host range. The use of entomopathogenic fungi constitutes a promising approach with potential applications in integrated pest management. Furthermore, developing insect control methods can involve the use of fungal machinery to cause metabolic disruption, which may increase its effectiveness by impairing insect development. Insect species, including C. capitata, relies on reproduction potential, nutrient reserves, metabolic activities, and immune response for survival. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of the entomopathogenic fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum on C. capitata pre-mortality. The medfly V8 strain was subjected to laboratory bioassays, which consisted on determining the virulence of P. lilacinum on the medfly. Purpureocillium lilacinum was applied on abdominal topical of 5-day-old males and females. Following the fungal inoculation, we have confirmed (i) a significant increase in tissue sugar content, (ii) a significant decrease in carbohydrase activities, digestive glycosyl hydrolase, and proteinase activities in whole midguts of treated flies, (iii) the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) genes expression profile was significantly influenced by fly gender, fly status (virgin, mature, and mated), and time after infection, but infection itself had no discernible impact on the AMPs for the genes that were examined. This study provides the first insight into how P. lilacinum could affect C. capitata physiological mechanisms and provides the foundation for considering P. lilacinum as a novel, promising biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Djobbi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Msaad Guerfali
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Agnès Vallier
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA-Lyon, BF2i, UMR 203, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Kamel Charaabi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hubert Charles
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA-Lyon, BF2i, UMR 203, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Justin Maire
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA-Lyon, BF2i, UMR 203, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Parisot
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA-Lyon, BF2i, UMR 203, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Haytham Hamden
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salma Fadhl
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Heddi
- Univ Lyon, INRAE, INSA-Lyon, BF2i, UMR 203, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ameur Cherif
- University of Manouba, LR11-ES31 Biotechnology and Bio-Geo Resources Valorization, Higher Institute for Biotechnology, Sidi Thabet Biotechpole, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Xu L. The pivotal roles of gut microbiota in insect plant interactions for sustainable pest management. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37735530 PMCID: PMC10514296 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota serves as a critical "organ" in the life cycle of animals, particularly in the intricate interplay between herbivorous pests and plants. This review summarizes the pivotal functions of the gut microbiota in mediating the insect-plant interactions, encompassing their influence on host insects, modulation of plant physiology, and regulation of the third trophic level species within the ecological network. Given these significant functions, it is plausible to harness these interactions and their underlying mechanisms to develop novel eco-friendly pest control strategies. In this context, we also outline some emerging pest control methods based on the intestinal microbiota or bacteria-mediated interactions, such as symbiont-mediated RNAi and paratransgenesis, albeit these are still in their nascent stages and confront numerous challenges. Overall, both opportunities and challenges coexist in the exploration of the intestinal microbiota-mediated interactions between insect pests and plants, which will not only enrich the fundamental knowledge of plant-insect interactions but also facilitate the development of sustainable pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 430062, Wuhan, China
| | - Shouke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, 311300, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Letian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 430062, Wuhan, China.
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Salas B, Conway HE, Vacek DC, Vitek C, Schuenzel EL. Pathogenicity of multiple Providencia species (Enterobacteriales: Morganellaceae) to the mass-reared Mexican fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2023; 23:4. [PMID: 37220089 PMCID: PMC10469543 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens (Loew)) (Diptera: Tephritidae) represents a major threat to fruit production in the Western Hemisphere. Sterile insect technique is used to suppress and eradicate wild populations. Success of this control method necessitates weekly production of hundreds of millions of flies, their sterilization by irradiation, and their aerial release. Diet needed to produce large fly numbers are conducive to the spread of bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 3 rearing facilities and from multiple sources: eggs, larvae, pupae and spent diet, and were found to include some isolates identified to the genus Providencia (Enterobacteriales: Morganellaceae). We identified 41 Providencia isolates and tested their pathogenicity to A. ludens. Based on 16s rRNA sequences, 3 groups were clustered into several species of Providencia with varying capacities to affect the Mexican fruit fly production. Isolates putatively identified as P. alcalifaciens/P. rustigianii were all pathogenic causing larval and pupal yield reduction of 46-64% and 37-57%, respectively. Among them, Providencia isolate 3006 was the most pathogenic reducing larval and pupae yield by 73 and 81%, respectively. Isolates identified as P. sneebia were not pathogenic. The final cluster, P. rettgeri/P. vermicola, were variable in pathogenicity with 3 isolates yielding like the control and the rest causing larval and pupal yield reduction of 26-53% and 23-51%, respectively. Isolates putatively identified as P. alcalifaciens/P. rustigianii were more virulent than P. rettgeri/P. vermicola. Accurate identification of species is needed to diagnose and monitor pathogenic versus nonpathogenic Providencia strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bacilio Salas
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Mission Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Moore Airbase, Building 6417, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
| | - Hugh E Conway
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Mission Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Moore Airbase, Building 6417, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
| | - Don C Vacek
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Mission Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Moore Airbase, Building 6417, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
| | - Cristopher Vitek
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- Center for Vector-Borne Disease, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Erin L Schuenzel
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
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Zhang K, Wang S, Yao D, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Liu W, Li Y, Yin Y, An S, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Aerobic and facultative anaerobic Klebsiella pneumoniae strains establish mutual competition and jointly promote Musca domestica development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1102065. [PMID: 36875080 PMCID: PMC9982019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The gut microenvironment in housefly harbors a rich and diverse microbial community which plays a crucial role in larval development. However, little is known about the impact of specific symbiotic bacteria on larval development as well as the composition of the indigenous gut microbiota of housefly. Methods In the present study, two novel strains were isolated from housefly larval gut, i.e., Klebsiella pneumoniae KX (aerobe) and K. pneumoniae KY (facultative anaerobe). Moreover, the bacteriophages KXP/KYP specific for strains KX and KY were used to analyse the effects of K. pneumoniae on larval development. Results Our results showed that dietary supplementation with K. pneumoniae KX and KY individually promoted housefly larval growth. However, no significant synergistic effect was observed when the two bacterial strains were administered in combination. In addition, using high-throughput sequencing, it was demonstrated that the abundance of Klebsiella increased whereas that of Provincia, Serratia and Morganella decreased when housefly larvae received supplementation with K. pneumoniae KX, KY or the KX-KY mixture. Moreover, when used combined, K. pneumoniae KX/KY inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas and Providencia. When the abundance of both bacterial strains simultaneously increased, a balance in total bacterial abundance was reached. Discussion Thus, it can be assumed that strains K. pneumoniae KX and KY maintain an equilibrium to facilitate their development in housefly gut, by establishing competition but also cooperation with each other to maintain the constant composition of gut bacteria in housefly larvae. Thus, our findings highlight the essential role of K. pneumoniae in regulating the composition of the gut microbiota in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,School of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Yao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yansong Yin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Sha An
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- School of life Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Awad M, Ben Gharsa H, ElKraly OA, Leclerque A, Elnagdy SM. COI Haplotyping and Comparative Microbiomics of the Peach Fruit Fly, an Emerging Pest of Egyptian Olive Orchards. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:biology12010027. [PMID: 36671720 PMCID: PMC9855353 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Tephritidae), is economically relevant as a highly polyphagous pest infesting over 50 host plants including commercial fruit and horticultural crops. As an invasive species, B. zonata was firmly established in Egypt and holds potential to spread further across the Mediterranean basin. The present study demonstrated that the peach fruit fly was found multiplying in olive orchards at two distant locations in Egypt. This is the first report of B. zonata developing in olives. COI barcoding has revealed evidence for high diversity across these peach fruit fly populations. These data are consistent with multiple rather than a single event leading to both peach fruit fly invasion to Egypt and its adaptation to olive. Comparative microbiomics data for B. zonata developing on different host plants were indicative for microbiome dynamics being involved in the adaptation to olive as a new niche with a potential adaptive role for Erwinia or Providencia bacteria. The possibility of symbiont transfer from the olive fruit fly to the peach fruit fly is discussed. Potentially host switch relevant bacterial symbionts might be preferred targets of symbiosis disruption strategies for integrated pest management or biological control of B. zonata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Awad
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (A.L.); or (S.M.E.)
| | - Haifa Ben Gharsa
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Omnia Abdullah ElKraly
- Bioinsecticides Production Unit, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza 13611, Egypt
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Andreas Leclerque
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (A.L.); or (S.M.E.)
| | - Sherif M. Elnagdy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (A.L.); or (S.M.E.)
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Roque-Romero L, Guillén-Navarro K, Zarza E, Montoya P, Liedo P. Bacterial Diversity Associated with Anastrepha obliqua Males Change Under Mass-Rearing Conditions and with Irradiation. Curr Microbiol 2022; 80:26. [PMID: 36474118 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding the symbiotic interactions between bacteria and fruit flies have shown that they are relevant for mass rearing and the sterile insect technique (SIT). SIT involves mass production and release of sterile insects that would copulate with their wild conspecifics and thus decrease the population growth rate. The irradiation process used to sterilize mass-reared flies can modify the diversity and structure of the midgut bacterial communities, which could affect sterile male survival, flight capacity, and sexual competitiveness. Our aim was to compare bacterial communities in the midgut of wild and mass-reared Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) males irradiated at 0, 60, and 80 Gy. After adult's emergence, their midguts were dissected, DNA was extracted, and high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene was performed. A total of 11 phyla, 17 classes, 47 families, and 52 genera of bacteria were identified. The most representative phylum was Proteobacteria and the predominant family was Enterobacteriaceae. We found that wild males had a different intestinal bacterial community from mass-reared males. In addition, irradiation at 60 and 80 Gy caused changes in the diversity and structure of the midgut microbiota of these sterile males, suggesting that mass rearing and irradiation cause artificial selection of the bacterial communities in the gut of A. obliqua males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnet Roque-Romero
- El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Karina Guillén-Navarro
- El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Zarza
- El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.,Consejo Nacional de Ciencia Y Tecnología (Investigadora Por Mexico), commissioned to El Colegio de La Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Pablo Montoya
- Programa Moscas de La Fruta SENASICA-SADER, Camino a los Cacaotales S/N, C.P. 30860, Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
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Ravigné V, Becker N, Massol F, Guichoux E, Boury C, Mahé F, Facon B. Fruit fly phylogeny imprints bacterial gut microbiota. Evol Appl 2022; 15:1621-1638. [PMID: 36330298 PMCID: PMC9624087 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One promising avenue for reconciling the goals of crop production and ecosystem preservation consists in the manipulation of beneficial biotic interactions, such as between insects and microbes. Insect gut microbiota can affect host fitness by contributing to development, host immunity, nutrition, or behavior. However, the determinants of gut microbiota composition and structure, including host phylogeny and host ecology, remain poorly known. Here, we used a well-studied community of eight sympatric fruit fly species to test the contributions of fly phylogeny, fly specialization, and fly sampling environment on the composition and structure of bacterial gut microbiota. Comprising both specialists and generalists, these species belong to five genera from to two tribes of the Tephritidae family. For each fly species, one field and one laboratory samples were studied. Bacterial inventories to the genus level were produced using 16S metabarcoding with the Oxford Nanopore Technology. Sample bacterial compositions were analyzed with recent network-based clustering techniques. Whereas gut microbiota were dominated by the Enterobacteriaceae family in all samples, microbial profiles varied across samples, mainly in relation to fly identity and sampling environment. Alpha diversity varied across samples and was higher in the Dacinae tribe than in the Ceratitinae tribe. Network analyses allowed grouping samples according to their microbial profiles. The resulting groups were very congruent with fly phylogeny, with a significant modulation of sampling environment, and with a very low impact of fly specialization. Such a strong imprint of host phylogeny in sympatric fly species, some of which share much of their host plants, suggests important control of fruit flies on their gut microbiota through vertical transmission and/or intense filtering of environmental bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Ravigné
- CIRADUMR PHIMMontpellierFrance
- PHIMUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroIRDMontpellierFrance
| | | | - François Massol
- InsermCHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de LilleU1019 – UMR 9017Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL)CNRSUniversité de LilleLilleFrance
| | - Erwan Guichoux
- INRAE ‐ UMR 1202 BIOGECO ‐ Plateforme Genome Transcriptome de BordeauxCestasFrance
| | - Christophe Boury
- INRAE ‐ UMR 1202 BIOGECO ‐ Plateforme Genome Transcriptome de BordeauxCestasFrance
| | - Frédéric Mahé
- CIRADUMR PHIMMontpellierFrance
- PHIMUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroIRDMontpellierFrance
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Lipopolysaccharide -mediated resistance to host antimicrobial peptides and hemocyte-derived reactive-oxygen species are the major Providencia alcalifaciens virulence factors in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010825. [PMID: 36084158 PMCID: PMC9491580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria from the genus Providencia are ubiquitous Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens, causing “travelers’ diarrhea”, urinary tract, and other nosocomial infections in humans. Some Providencia strains have also been isolated as natural pathogens of Drosophila melanogaster. Despite clinical relevance and extensive use in Drosophila immunity research, little is known about Providencia virulence mechanisms and the corresponding insect host defenses. To close this knowledge gap, we investigated the virulence factors of a representative Providencia species—P. alcalifaciens which is highly virulent to fruit flies and amenable to genetic manipulations. We generated a P. alcalifaciens transposon mutant library and performed an unbiased forward genetics screen in vivo for attenuated mutants. Our screen uncovered 23 mutants with reduced virulence. The vast majority of them had disrupted genes linked to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis or modifications. These LPS mutants were sensitive to cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in vitro and their virulence was restored in Drosophila mutants lacking most AMPs. Thus, LPS-mediated resistance to host AMPs is one of the virulence strategies of P. alcalifaciens. Another subset of P. alcalifaciens attenuated mutants exhibited increased susceptibility to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro and their virulence was rescued by chemical scavenging of ROS in flies prior to infection. Using genetic analysis, we found that the enzyme Duox specifically in hemocytes is the source of bactericidal ROS targeting P. alcalifaciens. Consistently, the virulence of ROS-sensitive P. alcalifaciens mutants was rescued in flies with Duox knockdown in hemocytes. Therefore, these genes function as virulence factors by helping bacteria to counteract the ROS immune response. Our reciprocal analysis of host-pathogen interactions between D. melanogaster and P. alcalifaciens identified that AMPs and hemocyte-derived ROS are the major defense mechanisms against P. alcalifaciens, while the ability of the pathogen to resist these host immune responses is its major virulence mechanism. Thus, our work revealed a host-pathogen conflict mediated by ROS and AMPs. Pathogens express special molecules or structures called virulence factors to successfully infect a host. By identifying these factors, we can learn how hosts fight and how pathogens cause infections. Here, we identified virulence factors of the human and fruit fly pathogen Providencia alcalifaciens, by infecting flies with a series of mutants of this pathogen. In this way, we detected 23 mutants that were less virulent. Some of these less virulent mutants were hypersensitive to fruit fly immune defense molecules called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), while others were sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the immune cells. Notably, AMPs-sensitive mutants remained virulent in a Drosophila mutant that lacks AMPs, while pathogens sensitive to oxidative stress retained their virulence in a fruit fly mutant devoid of oxidative species. These results suggest that the ability of P. alcalifaciens to resist two major host immune molecules, namely AMPs and ROS, is the major virulence mechanism. Overall, our systematic analysis of P. alcalifaciens virulence factors has identified the major defense mechanisms of the fruit fly against this pathogen and the bacterial mechanisms to combat these immune responses.
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11
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Andolfo G, Schuster C, Gharsa HB, Ruocco M, Leclerque A. Genomic analysis of the nomenclatural type strain of the nematode-associated entomopathogenic bacterium Providencia vermicola. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:708. [PMID: 34598677 PMCID: PMC8487129 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterobacteria of the genus Providencia are mainly known as opportunistic human pathogens but have been isolated from highly diverse natural environments. The species Providencia vermicola comprises insect pathogenic bacteria carried by entomoparasitic nematodes and is investigated as a possible insect biocontrol agent. The recent publication of several genome sequences from bacteria assigned to this species has given rise to inconsistent preliminary results. Results The genome of the nematode-derived P. vermicola type strain DSM_17385 has been assembled into a 4.2 Mb sequence comprising 5 scaffolds and 13 contigs. A total of 3969 protein-encoding genes were identified. Multilocus sequence typing with different marker sets revealed that none of the previously published presumed P. vermicola genomes represents this taxonomic species. Comparative genomic analysis has confirmed a close phylogenetic relationship of P. vermicola to the P. rettgeri species complex. P. vermicola DSM_17385 carries a type III secretion system (T3SS-1) with probable function in host cell invasion or intracellular survival. Potentially antibiotic resistance-associated genes comprising numerous efflux pumps and point-mutated house-keeping genes, have been identified across the P. vermicola genome. A single small (3.7 kb) plasmid identified, pPVER1, structurally belongs to the qnrD-type family of fluoroquinolone resistance conferring plasmids that is prominent in Providencia and Proteus bacteria, but lacks the qnrD resistance gene. Conclusions The sequence reported represents the first well-supported published genome for the taxonomic species P. vermicola to be used as reference in further comparative genomics studies on Providencia bacteria. Due to a striking difference in the type of injectisome encoded by the respective genomes, P. vermicola might operate a fundamentally different mechanism of entomopathogenicity when compared to insect-pathogenic Providencia sneebia or Providencia burhodogranariea. The complete absence of antibiotic resistance gene carrying plasmids or mobile genetic elements as those causing multi drug resistance phenomena in clinical Providencia strains, is consistent with the invertebrate pathogen P. vermicola being in its natural environment efficiently excluded from the propagation routes of multidrug resistance (MDR) carrying genetic elements operating between human pathogens. Susceptibility to MDR plasmid acquisition will likely become a major criterion in the evaluation of P. vermicola for potential applications in biological pest control. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08027-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Andolfo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | - Christina Schuster
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Haifa Ben Gharsa
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michelina Ruocco
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Andreas Leclerque
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany. .,Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055, Portici, Italy.
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12
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Msaad Guerfali M, Charaabi K, Hamden H, Djobbi W, Fadhl S, Mosbah A, Cherif A. Probiotic based-diet effect on the immune response and induced stress in irradiated mass reared Ceratitis capitata males (Diptera: Tephritidae) destined for the release in the sterile insect technique programs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257097. [PMID: 34506561 PMCID: PMC8432743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceratitis capitata (medfly) is one of the most devastating crop pests worldwide. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a control method that is based on the mass rearing of males, their sterilization, and release in the field. However, the effectiveness of the technique depends on the quality of the released males and their fitness. We previously isolated and selected a probiotic bacteria (Enterobacter sp.), from wild-caught medflies, according to criteria that improved biological quality traits of reared medfly males.We firstly evaluated the impact of the irradiation on the expression of different immune and stress genes in the medfly sterile males. Expression was measured at differents time points ranging from 0 to 168 h after irradiation to capture the response of genes with distinct temporal expression patterns. Then, we supplemented the larval diet with previously isolated Enterobacter sp.strain, live and autoclaved at various concentrations to see whether the probiotic treatments affect, through their protective role, the gene expression level, and quality traits. The irradiation had significant effect on the genes attacin, cecropin, PGPR-LC, hsp23, and hsp70 level expression. The expression of attacin and PGPR-LC was up-regulated while that of cecropin was down-regulated. Hsp genes showed decreased levels between 0 and 18 h to peak at 72 h. However, the supplementation of the probiotic strain, either live or autoclaved, was statistically significant only for attacingene. However, significant interaction time x probiotic was noticed for attacin, cecropin, hsp23 and hsp70. The probiotic treatments also improved the quality control parameters like pupal weight. From this work we can conclude that a consortium of parabiotics (autoclaved probiotics) treatment will be recommended in insectaries considering both the beneficial effects on mass reared insects and its general safety for insectary workers and for environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Msaad Guerfali
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Charaabi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Haytham Hamden
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Djobbi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Salma Fadhl
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- Laboratory of Biology and Bio-Geo Resources LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Laboratory of Biology and Bio-Geo Resources LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
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Aluja M, Zamora-Briseño JA, Pérez-Brocal V, Altúzar-Molina A, Guillén L, Desgarennes D, Vázquez-Rosas-Landa M, Ibarra-Laclette E, Alonso-Sánchez AG, Moya A. Metagenomic Survey of the Highly Polyphagous Anastrepha ludens Developing in Ancestral and Exotic Hosts Reveals the Lack of a Stable Microbiota in Larvae and the Strong Influence of Metamorphosis on Adult Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:685937. [PMID: 34413837 PMCID: PMC8367737 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.685937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the microbiota of a highly polyphagous insect, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae), developing in six of its hosts, including two ancestral (Casimiroa edulis and C. greggii), three exotic (Mangifera indica cv. Ataulfo, Prunus persica cv. Criollo, and Citrus x aurantium) and one occasional host (Capsicum pubescens cv. Manzano), that is only used when extreme drought conditions limit fruiting by the common hosts. One of the exotic hosts (“criollo” peach) is rife with polyphenols and the occasional host with capsaicinoids exerting high fitness costs on the larvae. We pursued the following questions: (1) How is the microbial composition of the larval food related to the composition of the larval and adult microbiota, and what does this tell us about transience and stability of this species’ gut microbiota? (2) How does metamorphosis affect the adult microbiota? We surveyed the microbiota of the pulp of each host fruit, as well as the gut microbiota of larvae and adult flies and found that the gut of A. ludens larvae lacks a stable microbiota, since it was invariably associated with the composition of the pulp microbiota of the host plant species studied and was also different from the microbiota of adult flies indicating that metamorphosis filters out much of the microbiota present in larvae. The microbiota of adult males and females was similar between them, independent of host plant and was dominated by bacteria within the Enterobacteriaceae. We found that in the case of the “toxic” occasional host C. pubescens the microbiota is enriched in potentially deleterious genera that were much less abundant in the other hosts. In contrast, the pulp of the ancestral host C. edulis is enriched in several bacterial groups that can be beneficial for larval development. We also report for the first time the presence of bacteria within the Arcobacteraceae family in the gut microbiota of A. ludens stemming from C. edulis. Based on our findings, we conclude that changes in the food-associated microbiota dictate major changes in the larval microbiota, suggesting that most larval gut microbiota is originated from the food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Aluja
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Jesús Alejandro Zamora-Briseño
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alma Altúzar-Molina
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Larissa Guillén
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Damaris Desgarennes
- Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Mirna Vázquez-Rosas-Landa
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Alexandro G Alonso-Sánchez
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, AC-INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Andrés Moya
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2Sysbio), Universidad de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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14
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First Genome Description of Providencia vermicola Isolate Bearing NDM-1 from Blood Culture. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081751. [PMID: 34442831 PMCID: PMC8398168 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the first complete genome sequence of Providencia vermicola species, a clinical multidrug-resistant strain harboring the New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) gene, isolated at the Kinshasa University Teaching Hospital, in Democratic Republic of the Congo. Whole genome sequencing of an imipenem-resistant clinical Gram-negative P. vermicola P8538 isolate was performed using MiSeq and Gridion, and then complete genome analysis, plasmid search, resistome analysis, and comparative genomics were performed. Genome assembly resulted in a circular chromosome sequence of 4,280,811-bp and 40.80% GC and a circular plasmid (pPV8538_NDM-1) of 151,684-bp and 51.93%GC, which was identified in an Escherichia coli P8540 strain isolated in the same hospital. Interestingly, comparative genomic analysis revealed multiple sequences acquisition within the P. vermicola P8538 chromosome, including three complete prophages, a siderophore biosynthesis NRPS cluster, a Type VI secretion system (T6SS), a urease gene cluster, and a complete Type-I-F CRISPR-Cas3 system. Β-lactamase genes, including blaCMY-6 and blaNDM-1, were found on the recombinant plasmid pPV8538_NDM-1, in addition to other antibiotic resistance genes such as rmtC, aac6’-Ib3, aacA4, catA1, sul1, aac6’-Ib-cr, tetA, and tetB. Genome comparison with Providencia species revealed 82.95% of average nucleotide identity (ANI), with P. stuartii species exhibiting 90.79% of proteome similarity. We report the first complete genome of P. vermicola species and for the first time the presence of the blaNDM-1 gene in this species. This work highlights the need to improve surveillance and clinical practices in DR Congo in order to reduce or prevent the spread of such resistance.
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15
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Genomes of Gut Bacteria from Nasonia Wasps Shed Light on Phylosymbiosis and Microbe-Assisted Hybrid Breakdown. mSystems 2021; 6:6/2/e01342-20. [PMID: 33824199 PMCID: PMC8547009 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01342-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phylosymbiosis is a cross-system trend whereby microbial community relationships recapitulate the host phylogeny. In Nasonia parasitoid wasps, phylosymbiosis occurs throughout development, is distinguishable between sexes, and benefits host development and survival. Moreover, the microbiome shifts in hybrids as a rare Proteus bacterium in the microbiome becomes dominant. The larval hybrids then catastrophically succumb to bacterium-assisted lethality and reproductive isolation between the species. Two important questions for understanding phylosymbiosis and bacterium-assisted lethality in hybrids are (i) do the Nasonia bacterial genomes differ from other animal isolates and (ii) are the hybrid bacterial genomes the same as those in the parental species? Here, we report the cultivation, whole-genome sequencing, and comparative analyses of the most abundant gut bacteria in Nasonia larvae, Providencia rettgeri and Proteus mirabilis. Characterization of new isolates shows Proteus mirabilis forms a more robust biofilm than Providencia rettgeri and that, when grown in coculture, Proteus mirabilis significantly outcompetes Providencia rettgeri. Providencia rettgeri genomes from Nasonia are similar to each other and more divergent from pathogenic, human associates. Proteus mirabilis from Nasonia vitripennis, Nasonia giraulti, and their hybrid offspring are nearly identical and relatively distinct from human isolates. These results indicate that members of the larval gut microbiome within Nasonia are most similar to each other, and the strain of the dominant Proteus mirabilis in hybrids is resident in parental species. Holobiont interactions between shared, resident members of the wasp microbiome and the host underpin phylosymbiosis and hybrid breakdown. IMPORTANCE Animal and plant hosts often establish intimate relationships with their microbiomes. In varied environments, closely related host species share more similar microbiomes, a pattern termed phylosymbiosis. When phylosymbiosis is functionally significant and beneficial, microbial transplants between host species and host hybridization can have detrimental consequences on host biology. In the Nasonia parasitoid wasp genus, which contains a phylosymbiotic gut community, both effects occur and provide evidence for selective pressures on the holobiont. Here, we show that bacterial genomes in Nasonia differ from other environments and harbor genes with unique functions that may regulate phylosymbiotic relationships. Furthermore, the bacteria in hybrids are identical to those in parental species, thus supporting a hologenomic tenet that the same members of the microbiome and the host genome impact phylosymbiosis, hybrid breakdown, and speciation.
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16
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Asimakis E, Stathopoulou P, Sapounas A, Khaeso K, Batargias C, Khan M, Tsiamis G. New Insights on the Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) Bacteriome. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030659. [PMID: 33810199 PMCID: PMC8004655 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various factors, including the insect host, diet, and surrounding ecosystem can shape the structure of the bacterial communities of insects. We have employed next generation, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA to characterize the bacteriome of wild Zeugodacus (Bactrocera) cucurbitae (Coquillett) flies from three regions of Bangladesh. The tested populations developed distinct bacterial communities with differences in bacterial composition, suggesting that geography has an impact on the fly bacteriome. The dominant bacteria belonged to the families Enterobacteriaceae, Dysgomonadaceae and Orbaceae, with the genera Dysgonomonas, Orbus and Citrobacter showing the highest relative abundance across populations. Network analysis indicated variable interactions between operational taxonomic units (OTUs), with cases of mutual exclusion and copresence. Certain bacterial genera with high relative abundance were also characterized by a high degree of interactions. Interestingly, genera with a low relative abundance like Shimwellia, Gilliamella, and Chishuiella were among those that showed abundant interactions, suggesting that they are also important components of the bacterial community. Such knowledge could help us identify ideal wild populations for domestication in the context of the sterile insect technique or similar biotechnological methods. Further characterization of this bacterial diversity with transcriptomic and metabolic approaches, could also reveal their specific role in Z. cucurbitae physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Apostolis Sapounas
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics and Fish Breeding, Department of Animal Production, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Patras, Nea Ktiria, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece; (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Kanjana Khaeso
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Costas Batargias
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics and Fish Breeding, Department of Animal Production, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Patras, Nea Ktiria, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece; (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Mahfuza Khan
- Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh;
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-264-107-4149
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Yuan C, Wei Y, Zhang S, Cheng J, Cheng X, Qian C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yin Z, Chen H. Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveals Genetic Mechanisms of the Variety of Pathogenicity, Antibiotic Resistance, and Environmental Adaptation of Providencia Genus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:572642. [PMID: 33193173 PMCID: PMC7652902 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.572642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial genus Providencia is Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens, which have been isolated from a variety of environments and organisms, ranging from humans to animals. Providencia alcalifaciens, Providencia rettgeri, and Providencia stuartii are the most common clinical isolates, however, these three species differ in their pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance and environmental adaptation. Genomes of 91 isolates of the genus Providencia were investigated to clarify their genetic diversity, focusing on virulence factors, antibiotic resistance genes, and environmental adaptation genes. Our study revealed an open pan-genome for the genus Providencia containing 14,720 gene families. Species of the genus Providencia exhibited different functional constraints, with the core genes, accessory genes, and unique genes. A maximum-likelihood phylogeny reconstructed with concatenated single-copy core genes classified all Providencia isolates into 11 distant groups. Comprehensive and systematic comparative genomic analyses revealed that specific distributions of virulence genes, which were highly homologous to virulence genes of the genus Proteus, contributed to diversity in pathogenicity of Providencia alcalifaciens, Providencia rettgeri, and Providencia stuartii. Furthermore, multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotypes of isolates of Providencia rettgeri and Providencia stuartii were predominantly due to resistance genes from class 1 and 2 integrons. In addition, Providencia rettgeri and Providencia stuartii harbored more genes related to material transport and energy metabolism, which conferred a stronger ability to adapt to diverse environments. Overall, our study provided valuable insights into the genetic diversity and functional features of the genus Providencia, and revealed genetic mechanisms underlying diversity in pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance and environmental adaptation of members of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yuan
- Department of Sanitary Toxicology and Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China.,Center for Microbial Functional Genomics and Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China.,Center for Microbial Functional Genomics and Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolei Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengqian Qian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China.,Center for Microbial Functional Genomics and Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China.,Center for Microbial Functional Genomics and Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China.,Center for Microbial Functional Genomics and Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China.,Center for Microbial Functional Genomics and Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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Salgueiro J, Pimper LE, Segura DF, Milla FH, Russo RM, Asimakis E, Stathopoulou P, Bourtzis K, Cladera JL, Tsiamis G, Lanzavecchia SB. Gut Bacteriome Analysis of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 During the Early Steps of Laboratory Colonization. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:570960. [PMID: 33193166 PMCID: PMC7606190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.570960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities associated to insect species are involved in essential biological functions such as host nutrition, reproduction and survivability. Main factors have been described as modulators of gut bacterial community, such as diet, habit, developmental stage and taxonomy of the host. The present work focuses on the complex changes that gut microbial communities go through when wild insects are introduced to artificial rearing conditions. Specifically, we analyzed the effect of the laboratory colonization on the richness and diversity of the gut bacteriome hosted by the fruit fly pest Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1. Bacterial profiles were studied by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable region in gut samples of males and females, in teneral (1-day-old, unfed) and post-teneral (15-day-old, fed) flies. A total of 3,147,665 sequence reads were obtained and 32 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum (93.3% of the total reads) and, Wolbachia and Enterobacter were the most represented taxa at the genus level (29.9% and 27.7%, respectively, of the total read counts). Wild and laboratory flies showed highly significant differences in the relative abundances of bacteria. The analysis of the core bacteriome showed the presence of five OTUs in all samples grouped by origin, while nine and five OTUs were exclusively detected in laboratory and wild flies, respectively. Irrespective of fly origin or sex, a dominant presence of Wolbachia was observed in teneral flies, whereas Enterobacter was highly abundant in post-teneral individuals. We evidenced significant differences in bacterial richness and diversity among generations under laboratory colonization (F0, F1, F3 and F6) and compared to laboratory and wild flies, displaying also differential patterns between teneral and post-teneral flies. Laboratory and wild A. fraterculus sp. 1 harbor different gut bacterial communities. Laboratory colonization has an important effect on the microbiota, most likely associated to the combined effects of insect physiology and environmental conditions (e.g., diet and colony management).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Salgueiro
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lida E Pimper
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego F Segura
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián H Milla
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina M Russo
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge L Cladera
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Silvia B Lanzavecchia
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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19
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Roque-Romero L, Hernández E, Aceituno-Medina M, Ventura C, Toledo J, Malo EA. Attractiveness and Sexual Competitiveness of Anastrepha obliqua Males (Diptera: Tephritidae) Fed on a Diet Enriched With Providencia rettgeri. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1777. [PMID: 33013722 PMCID: PMC7509840 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), is the second most important tephritid fruit fly in Mexico, infesting mango, hog plum and guava fruits. To control this pest, the Mexican government has implemented the use of the sterile insect technique (SIT), which involves the mass production, sterilization and release of flies. However, the A. obliqua laboratory males used in SIT are selected to a lesser extent by the wild females during competitiveness tests. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of males fed on fruit fly food enriched with Providencia rettgeri to those in males fed on food alone, assessing male mating competitiveness, capture of females using traps baited with males fed with the enriched diet and sex pheromone components. The results indicated that males fed with the diet enriched with P. rettgeri had increased mating competitiveness and captured more females in the field cage tests. However, no difference was observed in the proportion of volatile sex pheromone components identified during the calling of A. obliqua males. The results suggest the value of incorporating bacteria into the mass rearing technique of A. obliqua adults in order to improve the sexual competitiveness of males from the laboratory compared to wild males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilio Hernández
- Programa Moscafrut SADER-SENASICA, Subdirección de Desarrollo de Métodos, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - Carmen Ventura
- Programa Moscafrut SADER-SENASICA, Subdirección de Desarrollo de Métodos, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Jorge Toledo
- Grupo de Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Edi A Malo
- Grupo de Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chiapas, Mexico
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20
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Majumder R, Sutcliffe B, Adnan SM, Mainali B, Dominiak BC, Taylor PW, Chapman TA. Artificial Larval Diet Mediates the Microbiome of Queensland Fruit Fly. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:576156. [PMID: 33042092 PMCID: PMC7526507 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.576156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Larval diets used for artificial rearing can have a significant effect on insect biology. The Queensland fruit fly (aka "Qfly"), Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the greatest challenges for fruit growers in Australia. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is being developed to manage outbreaks in regions that remain free of Qfly and to reduce populations in regions where this species is endemic. Factory scale rearing is essential for SIT; however, artificial larval diets are known to affect the microbiome of Qfly, which may then affect fly performance. In this study, high-throughput Illumina sequencing was used to assess the Qfly microbiome in colonies reared, for five generations from nature, on two common artificial diets (carrot and gel). At generation five (G5), the microbiome was assessed in larvae, pupae, adult males and adult females and standard fly quality control parameters were assessed together with additional performance measures of mating propensity and survival under nutritional stress. At the genus level, bacterial communities were significantly different between the colonies reared on the two larval diets. However, communities converged at Phyla to family taxonomic levels. Bacterial genera of Morganella, Citrobacter, Providencia, and Burkholderia were highly abundant in all developmental stages of Qfly reared on the gel diet, when compared to the carrot diet. Despite abundance of these genera, a greater percentage of egg hatching, heavier pupal weight and a higher percentage of fliers were found in the Qfly reared on the gel diet. Mating propensity and survival under nutritional stress was similar for adult Qfly that had been reared on the two larval diets. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the artificial larval diet strongly influences the microbiome and quality control measures of Qfly, with likely downstream effects on performance of flies released in SIT programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Majumder
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, Australia
| | - Brodie Sutcliffe
- Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, Australia
| | - Saleh Mohammad Adnan
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Bishwo Mainali
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Bernard C. Dominiak
- Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip W. Taylor
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Toni A. Chapman
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, Australia
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21
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The gut and feed residue microbiota changing during the rearing of Hermetia illucens larvae. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:1323-1344. [PMID: 32638136 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Larvae of Hermetia illucens, commonly known as black soldier fly, efficiently convert organic waste into nutrient-rich supplements for different applications. Here we performed a preliminary experiment to investigate the dynamics of the H. illucens gut microbiota and changes in the composition of the bacterial community in the residue of the larval feed during rearing. We furthermore quantified the presence of antibiotic resistance and disinfectant genes in the gut and feed microbiota during the rearing process to elucidate if rearing leads to a reduction, increase, and/or transfer of resistance genes from the feed to larvae and vice versa. We found that the gut and feed residue bacterial communities were distinct throughout the rearing process. The gut microbiome remained more stable compared to the feed residue microbiome varying in both bacterial abundance and community structure during rearing. Antibiotic-resistance genes were present in both, gut and feed residues, with a significant increase in pupae and residue samples taken at the end of the rearing process. Disinfectant-resistance genes were present in the feed residue and even increased during the rearing process but were not transferred to the gut microbiome. We conclude that H. illucens larvae have a stable gut microbiome that does not change significantly over the course of larval development, whereas bacterial communities in the feed residue are strongly affected by rearing. If the presence of antibiotics and disinfectants during rearing, can promote the spread of antibiotic/disinfectant-resistance genes among feed and larvae needs to be evaluated in further experiments.
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22
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Providencia entomophila sp. nov., a new bacterial species associated with major olive pests in Tunisia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223943. [PMID: 31639141 PMCID: PMC6805009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprospection for potential microbial biocontrol agents associated with three major insect pests of economic relevance for olive cultivation in the Mediterranean area, namely the olive fly, Bactrocera oleae, the olive moth, Prays oleae, and the olive psyllid, Euphyllura olivina, led to the isolation of several strains of readily cultivable Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria from Tunisian olive orchards. Determination of 16S ribosomal RNA encoding sequences identified the bacteria as members of the taxonomic genus Providencia (Enterobacterales; Morganellaceae). A more detailed molecular taxonomic analysis based on a previously established set of protein-encoding marker genes together with DNA-DNA hybridization and metabolic profiling studies led to the conclusion that the new isolates should be organized in a new species within this genus. With reference to their original insect association, the designation "Providencia entomophila" is proposed here for this hypothetical new taxon.
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23
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Majumder R, Sutcliffe B, Taylor PW, Chapman TA. Next-Generation Sequencing reveals relationship between the larval microbiome and food substrate in the polyphagous Queensland fruit fly. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14292. [PMID: 31575966 PMCID: PMC6773747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Insects typically host substantial microbial communities (the ‘microbiome’) that can serve as a vital source of nutrients and also acts as a modulator of immune function. While recent studies have shown that diet is an important influence on the gut microbiome, very little is known about the dynamics underpinning microbial acquisition from natural food sources. Here, we addressed this gap by comparing the microbiome of larvae of the polyphagous fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni (‘Queensland fruit fly’) that were collected from five different fruit types (sapodilla [from two different localities], hog plum, pomegranate, green apple, and quince) from North-east to South-east Australia. Using Next-Generation Sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform, we addressed two questions: (1) what bacterial communities are available to B. tryoni larvae from different host fruit; and (2) how does the microbiome vary between B. tryoni larvae and its host fruit? The abundant bacterial taxa were similar for B. tryoni larvae from different fruit despite significant differences in the overall microbial community compositions. Our study suggests that the bacterial community structure of B. tryoni larvae is related less to the host fruit (diet) microbiome and more to vertical transfer of the microbiome during egg laying. Our findings also suggest that geographic location may play a quite limited role in structuring of larval microbiomes. This is the first study to use Next-Generation Sequencing to analyze the microbiome of B. tryoni larvae together with the host fruit, an approach that has enabled greatly increased resolution of relationships between the insect’s microbiome and that of the surrounding host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia. .,Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, 2567, Australia.
| | - Brodie Sutcliffe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Phillip W Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Toni A Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, 2567, Australia
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