1
|
Calandrelli R, Pilato F, Massimi L, D'Apolito G, Grimaldi A, Chiloiro S, Bianchi A, Gessi M, Gaudino S. Pediatric craniopharyngiomas: magnetic resonance imaging assessment for hypothalamus-pituitary axis dysfunction and outcome prediction. Pediatr Radiol 2024; 54:157-169. [PMID: 38019284 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-023-05814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, tumor topographical categories, cystic component volume, and magnetic resonance signal intensity may impact prognosis. OBJECTIVE To identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables associated with pituitary-hypothalamic axis dysfunction and predictive of outcome in children with cystic adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 40 preoperative MRIs of adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas to classify tumor topography, volume, and signal intensity of the cystic components and peritumoral edema. Volumes and normalized signal intensity minimum values were extracted from coronal T2-weighted images (nT2min). Radiological variables were compared to pituitary-hypothalamic axis dysfunction-related clinical data and surgical outcomes. RESULTS Adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas were categorized into five topographic classes (12 patients, sellar-suprasellar; seven patients, pseudo-intraventricular; six patients, strict intraventricular; 14 patients, secondary intraventricular; one patient, not strict intraventricular). All cases exhibited a predominant (30 patients, 80%) or total (10 patients, 20%) cystic tumor component and displayed low nT2min percentage values compared to cerebrospinal fluid (42.3% [interquartile range 28.4-54.6%]). Significant associations between tumor topographic classes and pituitary dysfunction (P<0.001), and between peritumoral edema and hypothalamic dysfunction (P<0.001) were found. Considering extent of surgical removal and tumor relapse, volume of the cystic tumor component displayed a positive correlation (P=0.002; r=0.48; P=0.02; r=0.36), while nT2min intensity values exhibited a negative correlation (P=0.01; r= - 0.40; P=0.028; r= - 0.34). CONCLUSION Severe hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction is associated with tumors along the pituitary stalk and peritumoral edema. Tumor invasion of the third ventricle, tight adherence to the hypothalamus, larger volumes, and lower nT2min intensity of the tumor cystic component are independent predictors of extent of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma excision and recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Calandrelli
- Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Pilato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Rome, Italia
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Massimi
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Apolito
- Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Grimaldi
- Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Chiloiro
- Pituitary Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- Pituitary Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gessi
- Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Gaudino
- Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu S, Huang F, Ru G, Wang Y, Zhang B, Chen X, Chu L. Mouse Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Classification, Advancement, and Application. Front Oncol 2022; 12:902820. [PMID: 35847898 PMCID: PMC9279915 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.902820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the subtype of liver cancer with the highest incidence, which is a heterogeneous malignancy with increasing incidence rate and high mortality. For ethical reasons, it is essential to validate medical clinical trials for HCC in animal models before further consideration on humans. Therefore, appropriate models for the study of the pathogenesis of the disease and related treatment methods are necessary. For tumor research, mouse models are the most commonly used and effective in vivo model, which is closer to the real-life environment, and the repeated experiments performed on it are closer to the real situation. Several mouse models of HCC have been developed with different mouse strains, cell lines, tumor sites, and tumor formation methods. In this review, we mainly introduce some mouse HCC models, including induced model, gene-edited model, HCC transplantation model, and other mouse HCC models, and discuss how to choose the appropriate model according to the purpose of the experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Ru
- Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Chu,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Souza JC, Miguita L, Gomez RS, Gomes CC. Patient-derived xenograft models for the study of benign human neoplasms. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 120:104630. [PMID: 33744281 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical models are a core feature of translational research, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have increasingly been used with such purpose. PDX involves the transplantation of fresh human tumor samples into immunodeficient mice to overcome immunologic rejection. It is a valuable tool for basic as well as preclinical research, contributing to the establishment of models to characterize the neoplasms to drug screening and to allow the identification of therapeutic targets. The use of these models is justified because they retain the histological and genomic features of the primary tumor. PDX models are well described for malignant neoplasms, for which the advantages are clear and include the development of drug treatments. The establishment of malignant tumors PDX is undeniably important from a medical perspective. However, few studies have used such models for benign neoplasms. The use of PDX for benign neoplasm studies can help to clarify the pathobiology of these diseases, as well as invasion and malignant transformation mechanisms, which from a biological perspective is equally important to the study of malignant tumors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the current methodology for PDX model generation and to cover its main applications, focusing on benign neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cristina de Souza
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Lucyene Miguita
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil..
| | - Carolina Cavaliéri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hermans E, Hulleman E. Patient-Derived Orthotopic Xenograft Models of Pediatric Brain Tumors: In a Mature Phase or Still in Its Infancy? Front Oncol 2020; 9:1418. [PMID: 31970083 PMCID: PMC6960099 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, molecular profiling has led to the discovery of an increasing number of brain tumor subtypes, and associated therapeutic targets. These molecular features have been incorporated in the 2016 new World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), which now distinguishes tumor subgroups not only histologically, but also based on molecular characteristics. Despite an improved diagnosis of (pediatric) tumors in the CNS however, the survival of children with malignant brain tumors still is far worse than for those suffering from other types of malignancies. Therefore, new treatments need to be developed, based on subgroup-specific genetic aberrations. Here, we provide an overview of the currently available orthotopic xenograft models for pediatric brain tumor subtypes as defined by the 2016 WHO classification, to facilitate the choice of appropriate animal models for the preclinical testing of novel treatment strategies, and to provide insight into the current gaps and challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hermans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bobinger T, Manaenko A, Burkardt P, Beuscher V, Sprügel MI, Roeder SS, Bäuerle T, Seyler L, Nagel AM, Linker RA, Engelhorn T, Dörfler A, Horsten SV, Schwab S, Huttner HB. Siponimod (BAF-312) Attenuates Perihemorrhagic Edema And Improves Survival in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Stroke 2019; 50:3246-3254. [PMID: 31558140 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.027134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Perihemorrhagic edema (PHE) is associated with poor outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Infiltration of immune cells is considered a major contributor of PHE. Recent studies suggest that immunomodulation via S1PR (sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor) modulators improve outcome in ICH. Siponimod, a selective modulator of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors type 1 and type 5, demonstrated an excellent safety profile in a large study of patients with multiple sclerosis. Here, we investigated the impact of siponimod treatment on perihemorrhagic edema, neurological deficits, and survival in a mouse model of ICH. Methods- ICH was induced by intracranial injection of 0.075 U of bacterial collagenase in 123 mice. Mice were randomly assigned to different treatment groups: vehicle, siponimod given as a single dosage 30 minutes after the operation or given 3× for 3 consecutive days starting 30 minutes after operation. The primary outcome of our study was evolution of PHE measured by magnetic resonance-imaging on T2-maps 72 hours after ICH, secondary outcomes included evolution of PHE 24 hours after ICH, survival and neurological deficits, as well as effects on circulating blood cells and body weight. Results- Siponimod significantly reduced PHE measured by magnetic resonance imaging (P=0.021) as well as wet-dry method (P=0.04) 72 hours after ICH. Evaluation of PHE 24 hours after ICH showed a tendency toward attenuated brain edema in the low-dosage group (P=0.08). Multiple treatments with siponimod significantly improved neurological deficits measured by Garcia Score (P=0.03). Survival at day 10 was improved in mice treated with multiple dosages of siponimod (P=0.037). Mice treated with siponimod showed a reduced weight loss after ICH (P=0.036). Conclusions- Siponimod (BAF-312) attenuated PHE after ICH, increased survival, and reduced ICH-induced sensorimotor deficits in our experimental ICH-model. Findings encourage further investigation of inflammatory modulators as well as the translation of BAF-312 to a human study of ICH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bobinger
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Burkardt
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Beuscher
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian I Sprügel
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian S Roeder
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Department of Radiology (T.B., L.S., A.M.N.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Seyler
- Department of Radiology (T.B., L.S., A.M.N.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Department of Radiology (T.B., L.S., A.M.N.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Germany (R.A.L.)
| | - Tobias Engelhorn
- Department of Neuroradiology (T.E., A.D.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Dörfler
- Department of Neuroradiology (T.E., A.D.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - S V Horsten
- Department of Experimental Therapy and Preclinical Center (S.v.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schwab
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hagen B Huttner
- From the Department of Neurology (T.B., A.M., P.B., V.B., M.I.S., S.S.R., R.A.L., S.S., H.B.H.), University of Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|