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Tanaka Y, Kurasawa S, Ouchi K, Oi N. Structural associations between self-perception of support and knowledge of disability characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among staff in facilities providing after-school day services. Fukushima J Med Sci 2024:23-00010. [PMID: 38972721 DOI: 10.5387/fms.23-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We constructed a hypothetical model of the knowledge of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and self-perception of support of staff working in after-school day services to clarify structural relationships. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted at 194 facilities providing after-school day services in Fukushima Prefecture (October 2020), including a basic attributes questionnaire, the Literacy Scale of Characteristics of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (LS-ASD), and a staff questionnaire. We developed a hypothetical model of the relationship between self-perception and LS-ASD total scores of after-school service staff. To obtain latent variables for structural equation modeling (SEM) to confirm factor extraction and the interrelationships among variables, exploratory factor analysis was performed. SEM was used to examine the fit of the hypothetical model to the data and the relationships among variables. RESULTS The study included 302 staff members from 58 of 194 facilities. Four factors (Factor 1, motivation; 2, self-perception of knowledge; 3, information sharing; 4, self-confidence) were extracted. The final model showed that Factor 2 had a positive direct effect (path coefficient = 0.64) and Factor 4 had a negative direct effect (path coefficient = -0.22) on LS-ASD scores. The model goodness of fit was acceptable (Goodness-of-Fit Index = 0.890; Comparative Fit Index = 0.912; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.086; Akaike's Information Criterion = 392.7). CONCLUSION Self-perception of knowledge contributes greatly to knowledge acquisition, while excessive confidence may hinder knowledge retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Tanaka
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Shigeki Kurasawa
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Kazuo Ouchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Naoyuki Oi
- Community Health Care Research Center, Nagano University of Health and Medicine
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Chukwuemeka NA, Obioha CW. Emotion regulation strategies on psychological distress and psychological well-being of caregivers of mentally challenged children: moderating role of social support. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:79-91. [PMID: 38084707 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2289473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the moderating role of social support in the relationship between emotion regulation, psychological distress, and psychological well-being of caregivers of mentally challenged children. A total of 315 caregivers aged 18-62 (Mage = 36.99, SD = 9.90; 38.7% male, 61.3% female) completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Psychological Well-being Scale. The results indicated that social support significantly moderated the relationship between cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and psychological well-being. However, the moderating effect of social support in the relationship between cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and psychological distress was insignificant. The findings suggest that caregivers of mentally challenged children with high social support will report higher psychological well-being when they adopt cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chidiebere Wisdom Obioha
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Health Promotion and Public Health, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
- Zonal Administrative Unit, Central Hospital, Oleh, Isoko South, Delta State, Nigeria
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3
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Bourke-Taylor HM, Joyce KS, Grzegorczyn S, Tirlea L. Mental Health and Health Behaviour Changes for Mothers of Children with a Disability: Effectiveness of a Health and Wellbeing Workshop. J Autism Dev Disord 2022. [PMID: 33728495 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-04956-3’] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Healthy Mothers Healthy Families (HMHF) is a program that educates and empowers mothers of children with disabilities to improve health behaviours. Outcomes were investigated in this study. A pre, post-test design was implemented using online questionnaires including the Health promoting activities scale (HPAS) and the Depressional anxiety stress scales (DASS). Mothers (N = 71) experienced improvements in HPAS scores, p < .001. Mental health symptomatology reduced: depressive symptoms (p = .005), Anxiety symptoms (p = .005) and stress (p = .002). Wellbeing improved (p < .001). Mothers also reported that their child with a disability experienced an increase in quality of life (p = .042). Mothers' lifestyles goals improved: managing stress; dietary changes; leisure; self-perception and others. HMHF is an effective intervention with improved health status and outcomes for mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Bourke-Taylor
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons road, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia.
| | - Kahli S Joyce
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Building G, Level 4, McMahons road, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia
| | - Sarah Grzegorczyn
- Occupational Therapy Department, Peninsula Health, Hastings road, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia
| | - Loredana Tirlea
- Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia
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Stipanicic A, Couture G, Rivest C, Rousseau M, Paquette M. Au-delà du TED, des compétences parentales à ma portée : évaluation des effets d’un programme de soutien destiné aux parents d’enfants présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mental Health and Health Behaviour Changes for Mothers of Children with a Disability: Effectiveness of a Health and Wellbeing Workshop. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:508-521. [PMID: 33728495 PMCID: PMC7962925 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-04956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Healthy Mothers Healthy Families (HMHF) is a program that educates and empowers mothers of children with disabilities to improve health behaviours. Outcomes were investigated in this study. A pre, post-test design was implemented using online questionnaires including the Health promoting activities scale (HPAS) and the Depressional anxiety stress scales (DASS). Mothers (N = 71) experienced improvements in HPAS scores, p < .001. Mental health symptomatology reduced: depressive symptoms (p = .005), Anxiety symptoms (p = .005) and stress (p = .002). Wellbeing improved (p < .001). Mothers also reported that their child with a disability experienced an increase in quality of life (p = .042). Mothers’ lifestyles goals improved: managing stress; dietary changes; leisure; self-perception and others. HMHF is an effective intervention with improved health status and outcomes for mothers.
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Anderberg E, South M. Predicting Parent Reactions at Diagnostic Disclosure Sessions for Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 51:3533-3546. [PMID: 33387242 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Receiving a diagnosis of autism for their child can be a pivotal moment for parents, yet there is little research about how providers can predict parent reactions and adjust their feedback. We investigated factors related to parent reactions during the disclosure session using interviews with providers (n = 6), a parent focus group (n = 10), and a mixed-methods survey of parents (n = 189) of recently diagnosed children. Parents' prior knowledge of autism and anxiety about diagnosis predicted emotional reactions and readiness for next steps. Families anxious about receiving a diagnosis are most in need of information but may leave the session feeling lost and unprepared. Providers can promote positive emotional reactions for parents and prevent confusion by increasing their own positivity, warmth, respect, clarity, and confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Anderberg
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
- Lurie Center for Autism, Massachussetts General Hospital, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Mikle South
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
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Yusuf A, Peltekova I, Savion-Lemieux T, Frei J, Bruno R, Joober R, Howe J, Scherer SW, Elsabbagh M. Association between distress and knowledge among parents of autistic children. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223119. [PMID: 31557237 PMCID: PMC6763195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the overall utility of biological testing for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is essential for the development and integration of biomarkers into routine care. One measure related to the overall utility of biological testing is the knowledge that a person has about the condition he/she suffers from. However, a major gap towards understanding the role of knowledge in overall utility is the absence of studies that have assessed knowledge of autism along with its predictors within a representative sample of families within the context of routine care. The objective of this study was to measure knowledge of ASD among families within the routine care pathway for biological testing in ASD by examining the association between knowledge with potential correlates of knowledge namely sociodemographic factors, parental stress and distress, and time since diagnosis among parents whose child with ASD is undergoing clinical genetic testing. Parents of a child diagnosed with ASD (n = 85, Mage = 39.0, SD = 7.7) participating in an ongoing prospective genomics study completed the ASD Quiz prior to undergoing genetic testing for clinical and research purposes. Parents also completed self-reported measures of stress and distress. Parent stress and distress was each independently correlated with knowledge of ASD, rs ≥ 0.26, ps < 0.05. Stepwise regression analysis revealed a significant model accounting for 7.8% of the variance in knowledge, F (1, 82) = 8.02, p = 0.006. The only factor significantly associated with knowledge was parental distress, β = 0.30, p = 0.006. Parental stress, time since diagnosis, and sociodemographic factors were not significant predictors in this model. We concluded that families require tailored support prior to undergoing genetic testing to address either knowledge gaps or high distress. Ongoing appraisal of the testing process among families of diverse backgrounds is essential in offering optimal care for families undergoing genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afiqah Yusuf
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Iskra Peltekova
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tal Savion-Lemieux
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Program, Research-Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Frei
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Program, Research-Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ruth Bruno
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Program, Research-Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ridha Joober
- Research Program on Psychotic and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Howe
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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