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Pioselli B, Salomone F, Mazzola G, Amidani D, Sgarbi E, Amadei F, Murgia X, Catinella S, Villetti G, De Luca D, Carnielli V, Civelli M. Pulmonary surfactant: a unique biomaterial with life-saving therapeutic applications. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:526-590. [PMID: 34525915 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210825110421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a complex lipoprotein mixture secreted into the alveolar lumen by type 2 pneumocytes, which is composed by tens of different lipids (approximately 90% of its entire mass) and surfactant proteins (approximately 10% of the mass). It is crucially involved in maintaining lung homeostasis by reducing the values of alveolar liquid surface tension close to zero at end-expiration, thereby avoiding the alveolar collapse, and assembling a chemical and physical barrier against inhaled pathogens. A deficient amount of surfactant or its functional inactivation is directly linked to a wide range of lung pathologies, including the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. This paper reviews the main biophysical concepts of surfactant activity and its inactivation mechanisms, and describes the past, present and future roles of surfactant replacement therapy, focusing on the exogenous surfactant preparations marketed worldwide and new formulations under development. The closing section describes the pulmonary surfactant in the context of drug delivery. Thanks to its peculiar composition, biocompatibility, and alveolar spreading capability, the surfactant may work not only as a shuttle to the branched anatomy of the lung for other drugs but also as a modulator for their release, opening to innovative therapeutic avenues for the treatment of several respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Sgarbi
- Preclinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma. Italy
| | | | - Xabi Murgia
- Department of Biotechnology, GAIKER Technology Centre, Zamudio. Spain
| | | | | | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Antoine Béclère Medical Center, APHP, South Paris University Hospitals, Paris, France; Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-U999, South Paris-Saclay University, Paris. France
| | - Virgilio Carnielli
- Division of Neonatology, G Salesi Women and Children's Hospital, Polytechnical University of Marche, Ancona. Italy
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Eche S, Kumar A, Sonela N, Gordon ML. Acquired HIV-1 Protease Conformational Flexibility Associated with Lopinavir Failure May Shape the Outcome of Darunavir Therapy after Antiretroviral Therapy Switch. Biomolecules 2021; 11:489. [PMID: 33805099 PMCID: PMC8064090 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the underlying molecular interaction during a therapy switch from lopinavir (LPV) to darunavir (DRV) is essential to achieve long-term virological suppression. We investigated the kinetic and structural characteristics of multidrug-resistant South African HIV-1 subtype C protease (HIV-1 PR) during therapy switch from LPV to DRV using enzyme activity and inhibition assay, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular dynamic simulation. The HIV-1 protease variants were from clinical isolates with a combination of drug resistance mutations; MUT-1 (M46I, I54V, V82A, and L10F), MUT-2 (M46I, I54V, L76V, V82A, L10F, and L33F), and MUT-3 (M46I, I54V, L76V, V82A, L90M, and F53L). Enzyme kinetics analysis shows an association between increased relative resistance to LPV and DRV with the progressive decrease in the mutant HIV-1 PR variants' catalytic efficiency. A direct relationship between high-level resistance to LPV and intermediate resistance to DRV with intrinsic changes in the three-dimensional structure of the mutant HIV-1 PR as a function of the multidrug-resistance mutation was observed. In silico analysis attributed these structural adjustments to the multidrug-resistance mutations affecting the LPV and DRV binding landscape. Though DRV showed superiority to LPV, as a lower concentration was needed to inhibit the HIV-1 PR variants, the inherent structural changes resulting from mutations selected during LPV therapy may dynamically shape the DRV treatment outcome after the therapy switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Eche
- Discipline of Virology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Ajit Kumar
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Nelson Sonela
- School of Medicine, Physical and Natural Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vegata, 1-00133 Rome, Italy;
- Chantal Biya International Reference Center for Research on the Management and Prevention of HIV/AIDS (CIRCB), Yaoundé P.O. Box 3077, Cameroon
| | - Michelle L. Gordon
- Discipline of Virology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
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Kar UP, Dey H, Rahaman A. Cardiolipin targets a dynamin-related protein to the nuclear membrane. eLife 2021; 10:64416. [PMID: 33661098 PMCID: PMC7946437 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamins are targeted to specific cellular membranes that they remodel via membrane fusion or fission. The molecular basis of conferring specificity to dynamins for their target membrane selection is not known. Here, we report a mechanism of nuclear membrane recruitment of Drp6, a dynamin member in Tetrahymena thermophila. Recruitment of Drp6 depends on a domain that binds to cardiolipin (CL)-rich bilayers. Consistent with this, nuclear localization of Drp6 was inhibited either by depleting cellular CL or by substituting a single amino acid residue that abolished Drp6 interactions with CL. Inhibition of CL synthesis, or perturbation in Drp6 recruitment to nuclear membrane, caused defects in the formation of new macronuclei post-conjugation. Taken together, our results elucidate a molecular basis of target membrane selection by a nuclear dynamin and establish the importance of a defined membrane-binding domain and its target lipid in facilitating nuclear expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Pallabi Kar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research-HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Himani Dey
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research-HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Abdur Rahaman
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research-HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
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Xiong Y, Shi C, Li L, Tang Y, Zhang X, Liao S, Zhang B, Sun C, Ren C. A review on recent advances in amino acid and peptide-based fluorescence and its potential applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence is widely used to detect functional groups and ions, and peptides are used in various fields due to their excellent biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshuo Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Changxin Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yuanhan Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Sisi Liao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Changmei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chunguang Ren
- Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264000, China
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Insights into protein-curcumin interactions: Kinetics and thermodynamics of curcumin and lactoferrin binding. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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ADIFAB fluorescence data used for the quantification of free fatty acids in media at different pH. Data Brief 2018; 22:158-163. [PMID: 30581920 PMCID: PMC6299128 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the pH dependence of the fluorescence spectra of ADIFAB (FFA Sciences), a probe used for the quantification of free fatty acids (FFA). Data reports the change in the emission peak of ADIFAB and in the affinity for FFA as a function of pH. An algorithm based on spectral deconvolution allowed to correct ADIFAB fluorescence spectra for the spectroscopic effect caused by pH. Kd values were calculated at each pH based on a calibration with oleic acid. This method allows estimating FFA concentration by ADIFAB in media at different pH. The current data are related to the research article “Phospholipid components of the synthetic pulmonary surfactant CHF5633 probed by fluorescence spectroscopy” (Faggiano et al., 2018) [1].
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Faggiano S, Ronda L, Raboni S, Sartor F, Cavatorta V, Sgarbi E, Caivano G, Pertile M, Mozzarelli A. Phospholipid components of the synthetic pulmonary surfactant CHF5633 probed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Int J Pharm 2018; 553:290-297. [PMID: 30366070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CHF5633 (Chiesi Farmaceutici, Italy) is a synthetic pulmonary surfactant currently under clinical development for the treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in premature infants. The product is composed of phospholipids in liposomal organization, together with two peptide analogues of human surfactant proteins B and C. Phospholipids in liposomes can undergo oxidation of unsaturated lipids and hydrolysis, with formation of fatty acids and lysolipids, both affecting the physico-chemical properties of the formulation. We exploited two fluorescence probes, Prodan and ADIFAB, to evaluate the stability of the phospholipid components of CHF5633. While Prodan enters the phospholipid bilayer and probes the polarity of this environment, ADIFAB binds free fatty acids in the aqueous phase, allowing to determine their concentration. Changes of Prodan fluorescence emission indicated an increase in the polarity of the phospholipid bilayer as a function of time. This behavior is coupled with an increase in fatty acids concentration in the aqueous phase, as determined by ADIFAB, and an increase in lysolipids concentration, as determined by HPLC-MS. Prodan and ADIFAB resulted efficient probes to monitor phospholipids hydrolysis in liposomes, reporting an increased stability of CHF5633 at pH values higher than 6.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Faggiano
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Ronda
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Samanta Raboni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Sartor
- CMC Department R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Sgarbi
- CMC Department R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Mozzarelli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Center Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biomolecules, Rome, Italy
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