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Marone D, Laidò G, Saccomanno A, Petruzzino G, Giaretta Azevedo CV, De Vita P, Mastrangelo AM, Gadaleta A, Ammar K, Bassi FM, Wang M, Chen X, Rubiales D, Matny O, Steffenson BJ, Pecchioni N. Genome-wide association study of common resistance to rust species in tetraploid wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1290643. [PMID: 38235202 PMCID: PMC10792004 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1290643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Rusts of the genus Puccinia are wheat pathogens. Stem (black; Sr), leaf (brown; Lr), and stripe (yellow; Yr) rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), Puccinia triticina (Pt), and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), can occur singularly or in mixed infections and pose a threat to wheat production globally in terms of the wide dispersal of their urediniospores. The development of durable resistant cultivars is the most sustainable method for controlling them. Many resistance genes have been identified, characterized, genetically mapped, and cloned; several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance have also been described. However, few studies have considered resistance to all three rust pathogens in a given germplasm. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was carried out to identify loci associated with resistance to the three rusts in a collection of 230 inbred lines of tetraploid wheat (128 of which were Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) genotyped with SNPs. The wheat panel was phenotyped in the field and subjected to growth chamber experiments across different countries (USA, Mexico, Morocco, Italy, and Spain); then, a mixed linear model (MLM) GWAS was performed. In total, 9, 34, and 5 QTLs were identified in the A and B genomes for resistance to Pgt, Pt, and Pst, respectively, at both the seedling and adult plant stages. Only one QTL on chromosome 4A was found to be effective against all three rusts at the seedling stage. Six QTLs conferring resistance to two rust species at the adult plant stage were mapped: three on chromosome 1B and one each on 5B, 7A, and 7B. Fifteen QTLs conferring seedling resistance to two rusts were mapped: five on chromosome 2B, three on 7B, two each on 5B and 6A, and one each on 1B, 2A, and 7A. Most of the QTLs identified were specific for a single rust species or race of a species. Candidate genes were identified within the confidence intervals of a QTL conferring resistance against at least two rust species by using the annotations of the durum (cv. 'Svevo') and wild emmer wheat ('Zavitan') reference genomes. The 22 identified loci conferring resistance to two or three rust species may be useful for breeding new and potentially durable resistant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Marone
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Laidò
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonietta Saccomanno
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Petruzzino
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
| | - Cleber V. Giaretta Azevedo
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Mastrangelo
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti (Di.S.S.P.A.), Università di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Karim Ammar
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Filippo M. Bassi
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meinan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Xianming Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture - Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Diego Rubiales
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Oadi Matny
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Brian J. Steffenson
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Foggia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Two Loci for Stripe Rust Resistance in a Durum Wheat Panel from Iran. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12104963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)) is one of the most devastating fungal diseases of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.). Races of Pst with new virulence combinations are emerging more regularly on wheat-growing continents, which challenges wheat breeding for resistance. This study aimed to identify and characterize resistance to Pst races based on a genome-wide association study. GWAS is an approach to analyze the associations between a genome-wide set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and target phenotypic traits. A total of 139 durum wheat accessions from Iran were evaluated at the seedling stage against isolates Pstv-37 and Pstv-40 of Pst and then genotyped using a 15K SNP chip. In total, 230 significant associations were identified across 14 chromosomes, of which 30 were associated with resistance to both isolates. Furthermore, 17 durum wheat landraces showed an immune response against both Pst isolates. The SNP markers and resistant accessions identified in this study may be useful in programs breeding durum wheat for stripe rust resistance.
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Aoun M, Chen X, Somo M, Xu SS, Li X, Elias EM. Novel stripe rust all-stage resistance loci identified in a worldwide collection of durum wheat using genome-wide association mapping. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20136. [PMID: 34609797 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Durumwheat [Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.)] production is constrained by fungal diseases including stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst). Continuous mining of germplasm for the discovery and deployment of stripe rust resistance (Yr) genes is needed to counter the impact of this disease. In this study, we evaluated a worldwide collection of 432 durum wheat accessions to seven U.S. Pst races that carry diverse virulence and avirulence combinations on wheat Yr genes. We found that 47-82% of the durum wheat accessions were susceptible to each of the tested Pst races. A total of 32 accessions were resistant to all seven races. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using over 97,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers generated from genotyping-by-sequencing of 364 accessions identified 56 quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with all-stage stripe rust resistance located on all 14 durum wheat chromosomes. Six of these QTL were associated with resistance to 2-4 Pst races, and none were associated with resistance to all seven races. The remaining 50 QTL were race specific. Eighteen of the 56 identified QTL had relatively large effects against at least one of the races. A map-based comparison of the discovered QTL in this study with previously published Yr genes and QTL showed that 29 were previously identified, whereas the remaining 27 QTL appeared to be novel. This study reports effective sources of stripe rust resistance to contemporary races in the United States and shows that this durum wheat collection is abundant in novel resistance loci that can be transferred into adapted durum cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Aoun
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Xianming Chen
- Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Mohamed Somo
- Dep. of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Steven S Xu
- USDA-ARS, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Xuehui Li
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Elias M Elias
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND, USA
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Soriano JM, Colasuonno P, Marcotuli I, Gadaleta A. Meta-QTL analysis and identification of candidate genes for quality, abiotic and biotic stress in durum wheat. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11877. [PMID: 34088972 PMCID: PMC8178383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic improvement of durum wheat and enhancement of plant performance often depend on the identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) and closely linked molecular markers. This is essential for better understanding the genetic basis of important agronomic traits and identifying an effective method for improving selection efficiency in breeding programmes. Meta-QTL analysis is a useful approach for dissecting the genetic basis of complex traits, providing broader allelic coverage and higher mapping resolution for the identification of putative molecular markers to be used in marker-assisted selection. In the present study, extensive QTL meta-analysis was conducted on 45 traits of durum wheat, including quality and biotic and abiotic stress-related traits. A total of 368 QTL distributed on all 14 chromosomes of genomes A and B were projected: 171 corresponded to quality-related traits, 127 to abiotic stress and 71 to biotic stress, of which 318 were grouped in 85 meta-QTL (MQTL), 24 remained as single QTL and 26 were not assigned to any MQTL. The number of MQTL per chromosome ranged from 4 in chromosomes 1A and 6A to 9 in chromosome 7B; chromosomes 3A and 7A showed the highest number of individual QTL (4), and chromosome 7B the highest number of undefined QTL (4). The recently published genome sequence of durum wheat was used to search for candidate genes within the MQTL peaks. This work will facilitate cloning and pyramiding of QTL to develop new cultivars with specific quantitative traits and speed up breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Miguel Soriano
- Sustainable Field Crops Programme, IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Pasqualina Colasuonno
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marcotuli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Zhou X, Zhong X, Roter J, Li X, Yao Q, Yan J, Yang S, Guo Q, Distelfeld A, Sela H, Kang Z. Genome-Wide Mapping of Loci for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in Durum Wheat Svevo Using the 90K SNP Array. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:879-888. [PMID: 33141640 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-20-1933-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Stripe rust is a foliar disease in wheat caused by Puccinia striiformis f. tritici. The best way to protect wheat from this disease is by growing resistant cultivars. Tetraploid wheat can serve as a good source of valuable genetic diversity for various traits. Here, we report the mapping of nine stripe rust resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) effective against P. striiformis f. tritici in China and Israel. We used recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between the durum wheat cultivar Svevo and Triticum dicoccoides accession Zavitan. By genotyping the RIL population of 137 lines using the wheat 90K single-nucleotide polymorphism array, we mapped an adult-plant resistance locus QYrsv.swust-1BL.1, the most effective QTL, within a 0.75-centimorgan region in T. turgidum subsp. durum 'Svevo' on chromosome arm 1BL, corresponding to the region of 670.7 to 671.5 Mb on the Chinese Spring chromosome arm 1BL. Of the other eight minor-effect stripe rust QTL, seven were from Svevo and mapped on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 3A, 4A, and 5A, and one was from Zavitan and mapped on chromosome 2A. Several QTL with epistatic effects were identified as well. The markers linked to the resistance QTL can be useful in marker-assisted selection for incorporation of these resistance QTL into both durum and common wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Zhou
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jonatan Roter
- The Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement Tel-Aviv University; Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa; Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Xin Li
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Qinghai Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining, Ministry of Agriculture, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Qinghai Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining, Ministry of Agriculture, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Suizhuang Yang
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management, Qinghai Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining, Ministry of Agriculture, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Assaf Distelfeld
- The Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement Tel-Aviv University; Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa; Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Hanan Sela
- The Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement Tel-Aviv University; Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa; Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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Colasuonno P, Marcotuli I, Gadaleta A, Soriano JM. From Genetic Maps to QTL Cloning: An Overview for Durum Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:315. [PMID: 33562160 PMCID: PMC7914919 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Durum wheat is one of the most important cultivated cereal crops, providing nutrients to humans and domestic animals. Durum breeding programs prioritize the improvement of its main agronomic traits; however, the majority of these traits involve complex characteristics with a quantitative inheritance (quantitative trait loci, QTL). This can be solved with the use of genetic maps, new molecular markers, phenotyping data of segregating populations, and increased accessibility to sequences from next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. This allows for high-density genetic maps to be developed for localizing candidate loci within a few Kb in a complex genome, such as durum wheat. Here, we review the identified QTL, fine mapping, and cloning of QTL or candidate genes involved in the main traits regarding the quality and biotic and abiotic stresses of durum wheat. The current knowledge on the used molecular markers, sequence data, and how they changed the development of genetic maps and the characterization of QTL is summarized. A deeper understanding of the trait architecture useful in accelerating durum wheat breeding programs is envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Colasuonno
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (P.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilaria Marcotuli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (P.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (P.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Jose Miguel Soriano
- Sustainable Field Crops Programme, IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Aoun M, Rouse MN, Kolmer JA, Kumar A, Elias EM. Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal All-Stage Rust Resistance Loci in Elite Durum Wheat Genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:640739. [PMID: 33912208 PMCID: PMC8072158 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.640739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), and stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) are major diseases to wheat production globally. Host resistance is the most suitable approach to manage these fungal pathogens. We investigated the phenotypic and genotypic structure of resistance to leaf rust, stem rust, and stripe rust pathogen races at the seedling stage in a collection of advanced durum wheat breeding lines and cultivars adapted to Upper Mid-West region of the United States. Phenotypic evaluation showed that the majority of the durum wheat genotypes were susceptible to Pt isolates adapted to durum wheat, whereas all the genotypes were resistant to common wheat type-Pt isolate. The majority of genotypes were resistant to stripe rust and stem rust pathogen races. The durum panel genotyped using Illumina iSelect 90 K wheat SNP assay was used for genome-wide association mapping (GWAS). The GWAS revealed 64 marker-trait associations (MTAs) representing six leaf rust resistance loci located on chromosome arms 2AS, 2AL, 5BS, 6AL, and 6BL. Two of these loci were identified at the positions of Lr52 and Lr64 genes, whereas the remaining loci are most likely novel. A total of 46 MTAs corresponding to four loci located on chromosome arms 1BS, 5BL, and 7BL were associated with stripe rust response. None of these loci correspond to designated stripe rust resistance genes. For stem rust, a total of 260 MTAs, representing 22 loci were identified on chromosome arms 1BL, 2BL, 3AL, 3BL, 4AL, 5AL, 5BL, 6AS, 6AL, 6BL, and 7BL. Four of these loci were located at the positions of known genes/alleles (Sr7b, Sr8155B1, Sr13a, and Sr13b). The discovery of known and novel rust resistance genes and their linked SNPs will help diversify rust resistance in durum wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Aoun
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
- *Correspondence: Meriem Aoun,
| | - Matthew N. Rouse
- Cereal Disease Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - James A. Kolmer
- Cereal Disease Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Elias M. Elias
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
- Elias M. Elias,
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Brar GS, Fetch T, McCallum BD, Hucl PJ, Kutcher HR. Virulence Dynamics and Breeding for Resistance to Stripe, Stem, and Leaf Rust in Canada Since 2000. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:2981-2995. [PMID: 31634033 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-19-0866-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a major field crop in Canada in terms of acreage, annual production, and export market value. There are nine classes of Canadian wheat based on growth habit (winter or spring), kernel hardness (hard or soft), seed coat color (red or white), and quality factors (grain protein content and gluten strength). Wheat was described by Newman in 1928 as "the economic fairy to the industrial and commercial life of Canada, having built practically the whole economic structure of the Prairie Provinces." Wheat production in Canada is affected by several biotic and abiotic stresses. The major abiotic stresses are frost damage, drought, and heat stress. Among biotic stresses, diseases caused by fungal pathogens are the most important although wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) has caused some localized outbreaks in some years. In context of cultivar registration in Canada, there are certain diseases that breeders have to take into account while developing resistant cultivars. The Prairie Recommending Committee for Wheat, Rye, and Triticale (PRCWRT) classify wheat diseases into priority one, priority two, and priority three depending on prevalence and potential damage they can cause. However, priority one diseases are more of a concern and a minimum level of resistance in commercial cultivars is recommended for those.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcharn S Brar
- Crop Development Centre/Department of Plant Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Thomas Fetch
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada - Brandon Research and Development Centre, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
| | - Brent D McCallum
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada - Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R3T 2M9, Canada
| | - Pierre J Hucl
- Crop Development Centre/Department of Plant Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Hadley R Kutcher
- Crop Development Centre/Department of Plant Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
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Slim A, Piarulli L, Chennaoui Kourda H, Rouaissi M, Robbana C, Chaabane R, Pignone D, Montemurro C, Mangini G. Genetic Structure Analysis of a Collection of Tunisian Durum Wheat Germplasm. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133362. [PMID: 31323925 PMCID: PMC6651592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tunisian durum wheat germplasm includes modern cultivars and traditional varieties that are still cultivated in areas where elite cultivars or intensive cultivation systems are not suitable. Within the frame of a collection program of the National Gene Bank of Tunisia (NGBT), durum wheat germplasm was collected from different Tunisian agro-ecological zones. The collected samples were studied using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers to explore the genetic diversity and evaluate the genetic structure in Tunisian germplasm. The results demonstrated significant diversity in the Tunisian durum wheat germplasm, with clear differentiation between traditional varieties and modern cultivars. The population structure analysis allowed the identification of five subpopulations, two of which appear to be more strongly represented in germplasm collected in central and southern Tunisia, where environmental conditions at critical development phases of the plant are harsher. Moreover these subpopulations are underrepresented in modern varieties, suggesting that traits of adaptation useful for breeding more resilient varieties might be present in central and southern germplasm. Moreover, our results will support, the activity of in situ on farm conservation of Tunisian durum wheat germplasm started by the National Gene Bank of Tunisia along with the ex situ approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Slim
- National Gene Bank of Tunisia, Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat Z. I Charguia 1, Tunis 1080, Tunisia.
| | - Luciana Piarulli
- SINAGRI S.r.l., Spin Off of the University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Houda Chennaoui Kourda
- National Gene Bank of Tunisia, Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat Z. I Charguia 1, Tunis 1080, Tunisia
| | - Mustapha Rouaissi
- Biotechnology and Physiology Laboratory, National Agronomic Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), Hedi Karray Street, Ariana 2049, Tunisia
| | - Cyrine Robbana
- National Gene Bank of Tunisia, Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat Z. I Charguia 1, Tunis 1080, Tunisia
| | - Ramzi Chaabane
- Biotechnology and Physiology Laboratory, National Agronomic Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), Hedi Karray Street, Ariana 2049, Tunisia
| | - Domenico Pignone
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources of the National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (DiSSPA), Sect. Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mangini
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (DiSSPA), Sect. Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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