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Zhao L, He K, Jiang C, Wang G, Hu S, Wang T, Qian W, Wei Z, Xiong J, Miao W, Yan W. Comparative Genomic and Transcriptomic Profiling Revealed the Molecular Basis of Starch Promoting the Growth and Proliferation of Balantioides coli. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101608. [PMID: 37238038 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are the main source of nutrition for B. coli, supplying energy for cell growth and development. The research aimed at investigating the mechanism of starch on the growth and replication of B. coli. Single-cell separation was used to isolate single trophozoites of B. coli under a stereomicroscope, transcriptomic profiling was conducted based on the SMART-seq2 single-cell RNA-seq method. Comparative genomic analysis was performed on B. coli and eight other ciliates to obtain specific and expanded gene families of B. coli. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were used to analyze the key genes of B. coli under the action of starch in the present study. The results of single-cell RNA-seq depicts starch affected the growth and replication of B. coli in two ways: (1) the cell cycle was positively promoted by the activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway via glycolysis; (2) the cell autophagy was suppressed through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Genes involved in endocytosis, carbohydrate utilization, and the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway were highly enriched in both specific and expanded gene families of B. coli. Starch can be ingested and hydrolyzed into glucose, in turn affecting various biological processes of B. coli. The molecular mechanism of the effect of starch on the growth and proliferation of B. coli by promoting cell cycle and inhibiting the autophagy of trophozoites has been elucidated in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhuo Zhao
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Kai He
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuanqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guangying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Suhui Hu
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Weifeng Qian
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhiguo Wei
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenchao Yan
- Parasitology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
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Zhou L, Liu F, Chen J, Yang R, Li J, Wang Z, Cai M. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals sex bias in expression patterns of genes related to sex steroids and immunity in the skin of spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37054975 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish skin is the first barrier against external invasion, and also an important interface for communication between males and females during reproduction. Nonetheless, sexual dimorphism in the physiology of fish skins is still poorly understood. Herein, transcriptomes of skin were comparatively analysed between males and females in spinyhead croaker, Collichthys lucidus. Totally, 170 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were detected, including 79 female-biased genes and 91 male-biased genes. Gene ontology (GO) annotation items of the DEGs were mainly enriched in biological process items (86.2%), including regulation of biological processes, responses to chemical and biological stimuli, transport and secretion, movement, immune response, tissue development, etc. In KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis, the male-biased genes were enriched in pathways including those related to immunity such as the TNF signalling pathway and IL-17 signalling pathway, whereas the female-biased genes were enriched in pathways including those related to female steroids such as ovarian steroidogenesis and oestrogen signalling pathway. In addition, odf3 was found to be a male-specific expression gene, being a candidate marker for phenotypic sex. Thus, the sexual difference in gene expression in fish skin in spawning season was uncovered by transcriptome analysis for the first time, providing new insights into sexual dimorphism in the physiology and functions of fish skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fujiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Junnan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinshou Li
- College of life science, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingyi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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Santos CHDAD, Val AL, Almeida-Val VMFD. Vitellogenin Ab structure of the amazonian Arapaima gigas. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 330:114143. [PMID: 36244430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The vitellogenin is composed by polypeptides that are precursors of egg yolk proteins that provides embryo and larvae nutrition. The mRNA encoding for vitellogenin Ab (Vtg-Ab; 4,536 bp long and 1,512 amino acids) were obtained by RNA-Seq library sequencing of pirarucu gonads. The Vtg-Ab sequences had high homology with Vtgs of other three teleosts species of the order Osteoglossiformes. The transcript of ovarian Vtg was identified based on structural criteria, and so we classify the Vtg of pirarucu as Vtg-Ab due to the truncated or shortened phosvitin (N-terminal end) and phosvitinless domain (C-terminal end). The Vtg-Ab of pirarucu present two major deletions with 133 amino acids in the Lipovitellin I domain and 89 amino acids in the truncated or shortened Phosvitin domain, both located in the N-terminal end region. The three-dimensional (3-D) structure Vtg-Ab protein shows the presence of a typical 4α-helices bundle protein that runs in anti-parallel. In general, the characterization of Vtg-Ab may be the useful elucidation of the hormonal regulation of vitellogenesis and improve the production of pirarucu for broodstock management in aquaculture and preparation of Vtg antibody production (species-specific) for sex identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henrique Dos Anjos Dos Santos
- Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada Academic Unit, Gregório Ferraz Nogueira Ave., S/N, 56909-535, PO Box 063, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil; Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Ave., 2936, 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Ave., 2936, 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Fonseca de Almeida-Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Ave., 2936, 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Gamarra N, Hawes J, Costa A, Vieira F, Rodrigues A, Ladle R, Malhado A, Campos-Silva J. Arapaima Co-Management Through The Lens Of The Protected Areas Assets Framework. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Comparative eye and liver differentially expressed genes reveal monochromatic vision and cancer resistance in the shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). Genomics 2020; 112:4817-4826. [PMID: 32890699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus is an oceanic pelagic shark found worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters. However, the understanding of its biology at molecular level is still incipient. We sequenced the messenger RNA isolated from eye and liver tissues. De novo transcriptome yielded a total of 705,940 transcripts. A total of 3774 genes were differentially expressed (DEGs), with 1612 in the eye and 2162 in the liver. Most DEGs in the eye were related to structural and signaling functions, including nonocular and ocular opsin genes, whereas nine out of ten most overexpressed genes in the liver were related to tumor suppression, wound healing, and human diseases. Furthermore, DEGs findings provide insights on the monochromatic shark vision and a repertory of cancer-related genes, which may be insightful to elucidate shark resistance to cancer. Therefore, our results provide valuable sequence resources for future functional and population studies.
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da Costa Amaral A, Lima AF, Ganeco-Kirschnik LN, de Almeida FL. Morphological characterization of pirarucu Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) gonadal differentiation. J Morphol 2020; 281:491-499. [PMID: 32198946 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arapaima gigas is a giant air-breathing and bony tongue fish from the Amazon basin and a promising species for aquaculture. A. gigas farming industry is still not established because of the lack of information on its reproductive physiology. Reproduction in captivity cannot be manipulated or stimulated, and the identification of males and females in a broodstock is not easy. We aimed to reveal the morphological sex differentiation of pirarucu as studies involving gonad development are essential to understanding the reproductive physiology of any species. We performed histological analysis on the whole body and extracted the gonads of 150 juveniles. The first sign of ovary differentiation is the sex-specific rearrangement of the germ cells. In 9 cm total length females, the germ cells group into nests and are restricted to the lateral face of the gonad, in close contact with the abdomen wall. With further development, this region invaginates and that later develops into ovigerous lamellae. Meiosis starts soon after ovary differentiation. In males, the germ cells are scattered along the elongated differentiating testis at first, and later become more restricted to the central region where the spermatogonial cysts start to develop. Somatic and germ cells are jointly involved in the cellular reorganization during gonadal differentiation, specifically when the germ cells begin to establish new associations during the development of both the germinal epithelium and stroma. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In Arapaima gigas, the ovary differentiation occurs in 9 cm TL females and it is marked by the rearrangement of germ and somatic cells; and the germ cells entering meiosis with no formation of ovarian cavity; testis differentiation occurs later and meiosis does not start in males smaller than 80 cm TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldessandro da Costa Amaral
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pesqueiras nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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