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Mukherjee J, Rawat S, Ul Hadi S, Aggarwal P, Chakrapani V, Rath P, Manchi P, Aylur S, Malhotra S, Keane M, Gangaramany A. Understanding the Acceptability of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies for HIV Prevention Among At-Risk Populations and Feasibility Considerations for Product Introduction in India: Protocol for a Qualitative Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e47700. [PMID: 38324364 PMCID: PMC10882480 DOI: 10.2196/47700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acceptability and preference research play a crucial role in the design, evaluation, and implementation of any new prevention product in any geographical setting. They also play a critical role in the development of clinical guidelines and policies. A wide range of acceptability studies have been conducted in diverse general and key populations for various new HIV prevention products worldwide. As clinical development strategies are being developed for clinical studies of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) as potential HIV prevention products, appropriately tailoring them to address the type of HIV epidemic at hand would be critical for efficient uptake within in-country public health systems and decrease adoption and adherence challenges. Accomplishing this will require comprehensive acceptability and feasibility studies to inform multisectoral efforts that increase access to these products and national policies supportive of access to health care for those in most need. Thus, it is both opportune and important to undertake focused efforts toward informing product development strategies. OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand preferences for product attributes and key behavioral factors influencing adoption and uptake of bNAb prevention products among end-users including female sex workers, men who have sex with men, transgender women, people who inject drugs, and adolescent girls and young women in India and understand the key health system and programmatic perspectives toward the introduction of bNAb prevention products from health service providers and policy makers in India. METHODS A multisite study will be conducted in Delhi, Mumbai, and Chennai to capture the differences in perspectives among diverse end-users and key informants across the country. The study will use a multimethods design using focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, simulated behavioral experiments, and key informant interviews. A total of 30 focus group discussions, 45 in-depth interviews, 15 simulated behavioral experiments sessions, and 15 key informant interviews will be conducted across 3 sites. RESULTS The data collected and analyzed will enable insights on which specific product attributes matter the most to the populations and why some attributes are less preferred; contextual drivers of preferences and choices at individual, interpersonal, social, and structural levels; and relative positioning of bNAb products among other potential HIV prevention products. Insights from the health service providers and policy makers will provide a critical understanding of the need perception of the potential product in the existing product landscape and what additional efforts and resources are required for potential introduction, delivery, and uptake of the bNAb products in the Indian context. CONCLUSIONS Insights generated from the abovementioned objectives will represent perspectives of populations of interest across geographies in India, will provide an overview of the acceptability of bNAb products and the feasibility of their introduction in this region, and will inform product development strategies. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/47700.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saif Ul Hadi
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Gurugram, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Srikrishnan Aylur
- Yeshwant Rao Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Chennai, India
| | - Shelly Malhotra
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, United States
| | - Margaret Keane
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, United States
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Robinson K, Dayer KF, Mirichlis S, Hasking PA, Wilson MS. Who are we missing? Self-selection bias in nonsuicidal self-injury research. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:843-852. [PMID: 37555729 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the threat of self-selection bias to the generalizability of research findings, remarkably little is known about who chooses to take part in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) research specifically. We aimed to establish the extent of willingness to take part in NSSI research within a commonly sampled population before assessing whether individual differences in demographic characteristics, NSSI lived experience, and participation experiences were associated with willingness to take part in future NSSI research. METHODS New Zealand university students (n = 3098) completed self-report measures of their NSSI, psychological distress, emotional dysregulation, experience of their participation in the current study, and willingness to participate in future NSSI research. RESULTS Most participants (78.2%) indicated that they were willing to take part in future NSSI research. Men, older participants, people with NSSI lived experience, and those with more frequent past-year NSSI were more likely to be willing to take part in future NSSI research. Participants who reported a more positive subjective experience of the current study also indicated greater willingness. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate systematic differences in who is willing to take part in NSSI research. Future research should implement methodological and statistical approaches to mitigate the impact of self-selection bias on NSSI research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kealagh Robinson
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Koosje F Dayer
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sylvanna Mirichlis
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Penelope A Hasking
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Marc S Wilson
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Hu WT, Bergren SM, Dychtwald DK, Ma Y, Dong X. Variations in racial and ethnic groups' trust in researchers associated with willingness to participate in research. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 10:466. [PMID: 38650745 PMCID: PMC11034911 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-01960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Low enrollment in U.S. biomedical research by non-White adults has historically been attributed to mistrust, but few studies have simultaneously examined dimensions of trust in three or more racial/ethnic groups. Leveraging the racial/ethnic diversity of New Jersey, we prospectively recruited 293 adults (72% women, 38% older than 54 years of age) between October 2020 and February 2022 to complete two anonymous surveys in English or one of the common languages (e.g., Spanish, Mandarin Chinese). The first consisted of 12 Likert Scale questions related to trust in biomedical researchers (according to safety, equity, transparency), and the second assessed willingness to consider participation in eight common research activities (health-related survey, blood collection, genetic analysis, medication study, etc). Participants self-reported as Hispanic (n=102), Black (n=49), Chinese (n=48), other Asian (n=53), or White (n=41) race/ethnicity. Factor analysis showed three aspects related to trust in researchers: researchers as fiduciaries for research participants, racial/ethnic equity in research, and transparency. Importantly, we observed differences in the relationship between mistrust and willingness to participate. Whereas Chinese respondents' low trust in researchers mediated their low interest in research involving more than health-related surveys, Hispanic respondents' low trust in research equity did not deter high willingness to participate in research involving blood and genetic analysis. We caution that a generic association between trust and research participation should not be broadly assumed, and biomedical researchers should prospectively assess this relationship within each minoritized group to avoid hasty generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Hu
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| | | | - Dana K Dychtwald
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| | - Yiming Ma
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
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Hernandez AL, Weatherly CS, Burrowes S, Jimenez JL, Gonzalez R, Palefsky JM. “The problem is that our culture is just so messed up about aging.” Recruiting older men who have sex with men (MSM) into research studies: an example from a study of aging, HIV, and anal HPV. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:296. [DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those who are older and those living with HIV. After experiencing difficulty recruiting older MSM into a study on aging and anal HPV, we conducted a sub-study to gain feedback on our recruitment methods and explore barriers and facilitators to participating in anal HPV research.
Methods
We conducted focus groups with 30 men who have sex with men (MSM), both HIV-negative and MSM living with HIV, ages 50–75.
Results
We identified multiple themes that were barriers to participation including: (1) lack of knowledge about human papillomavirus and anal cancer; (2) research focused on anal cancer or discomfort with topics or procedures concerning the anus; (3) stigma including stigma associated with being men who have sex with men, being out, being a receptive partner, and being considered “older” in the gay community; and (4) confidentiality concerns including a fear of breach of confidentiality. Facilitators to participation were also identified; these motivational factors include altruism, wanting recommendations from a doctor, and desire to receive the best available care.
Conclusion
Researchers seeking to enroll older men who have sex with men should be aware of these barriers and facilitators to participation in order to maximize recruitment.
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Perceptions of HIV cure and willingness to participate in HIV cure-related trials among people enrolled in the Netherlands cohort study on acute HIV infection. J Virus Erad 2022; 8:100072. [PMID: 35769632 PMCID: PMC9234345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2022.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People who initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV infection are potential candidates for HIV cure-related clinical trials, as early ART reduces the size of the HIV reservoir. These trials, which may include ART interruption (ATI), might involve potential risks. We explored knowledge and perception of HIV cure and willingness to participate in cure-related trials among participants of the Netherlands Cohort Study on Acute HIV infection (NOVA study), who started antiretroviral therapy immediately after diagnosis of acute HIV infection. Methods We conducted 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with NOVA study participants between October-December 2018. Data were analyzed thematically, using inductive and iterative coding techniques. Findings Most participants had limited knowledge of HIV cure and understood HIV cure as complete eradication of HIV from their bodies. HIV cure was considered important to most participants, mostly due to the stigma surrounding HIV. More than half would consider undergoing brief ATI during trial participation, but only one person considered extended ATI. Viral rebound and increased infectiousness during ATI were perceived as large concerns. Participants remained hopeful of being cured during trial participation, even though they were informed that no personal medical benefit was to be expected. Interpretation Our results highlight the need for thorough informed consent procedures with assessment of comprehension and exploration of personal motives prior to enrollment in cure-related trials. Researchers might need to moderate their expectations about how many participants will enroll in a trial with extended ATI.
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Capitine IPU, Macicame IB, Uanela AM, Bhatt NB, Yates A, Milazzo M, Nwoga C, Crowell TA, Michael NL, Robb ML, Jani IV, Kroidl A, Polyak CS, De Schacht C. Young at risk-people in Maputo City, Mozambique, present a high willingness to participate in HIV trials: Results from an HIV vaccine preparedness cohort study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260126. [PMID: 34855790 PMCID: PMC8638929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccine efficacy testing requires engagement of willing volunteers with high disease incidence. We evaluated factors associated with willingness to participate in potential future HIV vaccine trials in Maputo, Mozambique. METHODS Adults aged 18-35 years without HIV and who reported at least two sexual partners in the 3 months prior to screening were enrolled into a 24-month observational study. They were asked at screening and exit if they would be willing to participate in a theoretical HIV vaccine study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done between willingness to participate, demographic, sexual behavior, and motivational factors for screening visit data. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with willingness to participate for data from both visits. RESULTS A total of 577 participants without HIV were eligible, including 275 (48%) women. The mean age was 22.2 (SD ± 3.9) years. At screening 529 (92%) expressed willingness to participate and the proportion remained stable at 378 (88%) of the 430 participants retained through the exit visit (p = 0.209). Helping the country (n = 556) and fear of needles (n = 26) were the top motive and barrier for willingness to participate, respectively. Results from the GEE binary logistic regression (screening visit and exit visit) showed that wanting to learn how to avoid risk behaviors (aOR 3.33, 95% CI: 1.61-6.86) and feeling protected against HIV infection (aOR 2.24, 95% CI: 1.07-4.7) were associated with willingness to participate in HIV vaccine studies. CONCLUSION The majority of our study population in Mozambique expressed willingness to participate in a theoretical HIV vaccine trial. Participation in a HIV vaccine trial was seen as a way to contribute to the fight against HIV but was associated with some unrealistic expectations such as protection against HIV. This reinforces the need for continuous mobilization and awareness of potential participants to HIV vaccine trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor P. U. Capitine
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo Province, Mozambique
- Centre for International Health (CIH), University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Artur M. Uanela
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo Province, Mozambique
| | - Nilesh B. Bhatt
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo Province, Mozambique
| | - Adam Yates
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark Milazzo
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chiaka Nwoga
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Trevor A. Crowell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Merlin L. Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ilesh V. Jani
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo Province, Mozambique
| | - Arne Kroidl
- Centre for International Health (CIH), University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Christina S. Polyak
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Kitonsa J, Kamacooko O, Bahemuka UM, Kibengo F, Kakande A, Wajja A, Basajja V, Lumala A, Ssemwanga E, Asaba R, Mugisha J, Pierce BF, Shattock R, Kaleebu P, Ruzagira E. Willingness to participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials; a survey among a population of healthcare workers in Uganda. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251992. [PMID: 34043693 PMCID: PMC8158909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 and may therefore be a suitable population for COVID-19 vaccine trials. We conducted a survey to evaluate willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials in a population of HCWs at three hospitals in Uganda. METHODS The survey was conducted between September and November 2020. Using a standardised questionnaire, data were collected on socio-demographics, previous participation in health research, COVID-19 information sources, underlying health conditions, and willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials. Data were analysed descriptively and a binomial generalised linear model with a log link function used to investigate factors associated with unwillingness to participate. RESULTS 657 HCWs (female, 63%) were enrolled with a mean age of 33 years (Standard Deviation, 10). Overall willingness-to-participate was 70.2%. Key motivating factors for participation were: hope of being protected against COVID-19 (81.1%), altruism (73.3%), and the opportunity to get health care (26.0%). Selected hypothetical trial attributes reduced willingness-to-participate as follows: weekly-quarterly study visits over a 12-month period (70.2%-63.2%, P = 0.026); provision of approximately 50ml of blood at each study visit (70.2%-63.2%, P = 0.026); risk of mild-moderate local adverse reactions (70.2%-60.3%, P<0.001); chance of receiving candidate vaccine or placebo (70.2%-56.9%, P<0.001); and delay of pregnancy [Overall, 70.2%-57.1% P<0.001); Female, 62.8%-48.4% (P = 0.002); Male, 82.5%-71.5% (P = 0.003)]. Collectively, these attributes reduced willingness-to-participate from [70.2%-42.2% (P<0.001) overall; 82.5%-58.1% (P<0.001) in men; 62.8%-32.6% (P<0.001) in women]. Among individuals that were unwilling to participate, the commonest barriers were concerns over vaccine safety (54.6%) and fear of catching SARS-CoV-2 (31.6%). Unwillingness to participate was associated with being female (aRR 1.97, CI 1.46-2.67, P<0.001) and having university or other higher-level education (aRR 1.52, CI 1.05-2.2, P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Willingness-to-participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials among HCWs in Uganda is high but may be affected by vaccine trial requirements and concerns about the safety of candidate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kitonsa
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Onesmus Kamacooko
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Ubaldo Mushabe Bahemuka
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Freddie Kibengo
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Ayoub Kakande
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Anne Wajja
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Vincent Basajja
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | | | | | - Robert Asaba
- Our Lady of Consolata Kisubi Hospital, Wakiso District, Uganda
| | - Joseph Mugisha
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Benjamin F. Pierce
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Shattock
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pontiano Kaleebu
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Eugene Ruzagira
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
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Mayanja Y, Abaasa A, Namale G, Price MA, Kamali A. Willingness of female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda to participate in future HIV vaccine trials: a case control study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1789. [PMID: 33239018 PMCID: PMC7686944 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We anticipate large efficacy trials of novel HIV vaccines that have shown acceptable safety profiles. We determined willingness to participate (WTP) in future HIV vaccine efficacy trials among HIV negative female sex workers (FSWs) in Kampala Uganda. Methods We conducted a case control study in the Good Health for Women Project cohort. Cases received HIV prevention services and, enrolled in a 12-month simulated vaccine efficacy trial (SiVET) that used Hepatitis B vaccine; they underwent vaccine trial procedures as would be in an actual trial. Controls received similar health services but did not enroll in SiVET. We matched cases and controls (ratio 2:1) for age and duration in the cohort. We described a hypothetical HIV vaccine trial to cases (after 9 months in SiVET) and controls including trial attributes: randomization, delaying pregnancy, frequent blood draws (80-100mls) and study visits for 3 years. We compared WTP and willingness for vaccine trial attributes by case/control using chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests and fitted conditional logistic regression models to determine independent predictors of WTP. Results We analyzed data for 311 volunteers (219 cases, 92 controls); median age 27 years (IQR: 23–32), 39.9% had ≥secondary education, 57.9% had sex work as their main job and 81.9% used illicit drugs. Compared to controls, more cases had lived in the community for > 1 year, (85.4% vs 64.1%; p < 0.001) and fewer cases reported illicit drug use in the past 3 months, (79.0% vs 89.1%; p = 0.03). Overall, 278 (89.4%) volunteers expressed WTP in an HIV vaccine trial, the most common reason being hope of protection against HIV. More cases than controls (58.2% vs 44.7%) did not need to consult anyone before trial participation (p = 0.03); cases were more willing to delay pregnancy (99.0% vs 94.0%; p = 0.03). Combining vaccine trial attributes, 249 (89.6%) of the 278 accepted all attributes. After controlling for case/ control status women with secondary education or higher expressed less WTP (aOR 0.17; 95% CI 0.04–0.80). Conclusion FSWs in Kampala demonstrated high WTP. Prior experience with trial requirements like contraception may improve their uptake during actual trials. Family involvement is important for those without prior trial experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunia Mayanja
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Plot 51-59 Nakiwogo Road, Entebbe, Uganda.
| | - Andrew Abaasa
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Plot 51-59 Nakiwogo Road, Entebbe, Uganda.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Gertrude Namale
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Plot 51-59 Nakiwogo Road, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Matt A Price
- IAVI, 125 Broad St, New York, NY, 10004, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials among men who have sex with men and female sex workers living in Nairobi, Kenya. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238028. [PMID: 32834018 PMCID: PMC7444816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate factors associated with willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials among men who have sex with men and female sex workers living in Nairobi, Kenya. Background Working with ‘key populations’, those at elevated risk of HIV acquisition, is important to conduct efficient HIV prevention trials. In Nairobi Kenya, HIV infection is higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW) than in the general adult population, hence the need to establish if they would be willing to participate in future HIV vaccine trials. Methods We administered a structured questionnaire to MSM and FSW enrolled in a simulated vaccine efficacy trial (SiVET). The SiVET was an observational study designed to mimic the rigors of a clinical trial to assess HIV risk characteristics at baseline. After 12–15 months of follow-up, a structured questionnaire was administered to evaluate hypothetical willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials. Results Of 250 persons (80% MSM by design) enrolled in SiVET, 214 attended the final study visit and 174 (81%) of them expressed hypothetical willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials. These were 82% of MSM and 80% of FSW of those who attended the final study visit. Having a very good experience in the SiVET trial predicted willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials. Motivating factors for participation included a desire to receive education about HIV (59%) and to receive healthcare (57%). Conclusions Our data demonstrate high willingness among key populations in Kenya, to participate in future HIV vaccine trials after completing participation in a SiVET. The findings suggest that these groups might be a reliable target population for consideration in future HIV vaccine trials. Assessment of willingness to participate in these populations provides important information that may help to inform future education and recruitment efforts for vaccine trials. Improving the research experience for members of key populations could impact their willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials.
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