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Zhao JL, Chen PM, Zhang T, Xie H, Xiao WW, Ng SSM, Wang CH. Characteristics of central cortex and upper-limb flexors synchrony oxygenation during grasping in people with stroke: a controlled trial study protocol. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1409148. [PMID: 39268217 PMCID: PMC11390428 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1409148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Upper limb motor impairment is a common consequence of stroke, and the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of rehabilitation therapy for improving upper limb function remain uncertain. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, a reliable wearable neuroimaging technique, holds promise for investigating brain activity during functional tasks. This study aims to explore the synchronous oxygenation characteristics of the central cortex and upper-limb flexors during a grasping task and investigate the rehabilitation mechanisms of upper limb motor function in individuals with stroke. Methods Participants with stroke who demonstrate the ability to grasp and lift cubic wood blocks of different sizes (2.5cm3, 5cm3, and 10cm3) using their affected hand will be divided into three groups: A, B, and C. Each group will consist of twenty stroke patients, resulting in a total of sixty participants with stroke. Additionally, twenty matched healthy subjects will be enrolled as a control group. Comprehensive assessments will be conducted before and after the intervention, including blood oxygen parameter monitoring of the cerebral cortex and upper limb flexors using fNIRS during the grasping task. Other assessments will include MyotonPRO, the Modified Ashworth Scale, the upper extremity section of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Action Research Arm Test, and the Modified Barthel Index. The study will be undertaken between January 2024 and September 2025. Conclusions The results of this trial will provide an in-depth understanding of the Characteristics of central cortex and upper-limb flexors synchronous oxygenation during grasping task and how it may relate to the rehabilitation mechanism of upper limb motor function in people with stroke. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2400080619.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Li Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Ming Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Wu Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shamay S M Ng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chu-Huai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Song Q, Cheng X, Zheng R, Yang J, Wu H. Effects of different exercise intensities of race-walking on brain functional connectivity as assessed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1002793. [PMID: 36310841 PMCID: PMC9614086 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1002793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Race-walking is a sport that mimics normal walking and running. Previous studies on sports science mainly focused on the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. However, there is still a lack of research on the central nervous system, especially the real-time changes in brain network characteristics during race-walking exercise. This study aimed to use a network perspective to investigate the effects of different exercise intensities on brain functional connectivity. Materials and methods A total of 16 right-handed healthy young athletes were recruited as participants in this study. The cerebral cortex concentration of oxyhemoglobin was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy in the bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), the motor cortex (MC) and occipital cortex (OC) during resting and race-walking states. Three specific periods as time windows corresponding to different exercise intensities were divided from the race-walking time of participants, including initial, intermediate and sprint stages. The brain activation and functional connectivity (FC) were calculated to describe the 0.01-0.1 Hz frequency-specific cortical activities. Results Compared to the resting state, FC changes mainly exist between MC and OC in the initial stage, while PFC was involved in FC changes in the intermediate stage, and FC changes in the sprint stage were widely present in PFC, MC and OC. In addition, from the initial-development to the sprint stage, the significant changes in FC were displayed in PFC and MC. Conclusion This brain functional connectivity-based study confirmed that hemodynamic changes at different exercise intensities reflected different brain network-specific characteristics. During race-walking exercise, more extensive brain activation might increase information processing speed. Increased exercise intensity could facilitate the integration of neural signals such as proprioception, motor control and motor planning, which may be an important factor for athletes to maintain sustained motor coordination and activity control at high intensity. This study was beneficial to understanding the neural mechanisms of brain networks under different exercise intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Song
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Rongna Zheng
- School of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Physical Education, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Jie Yang,
| | - Hao Wu
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Wu,
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Liu H, Peng Y, Liu Z, Wen X, Li F, Zhong L, Rao J, Li L, Wang M, Wang P. Hemodynamic signal changes and swallowing improvement of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on stroke patients with dysphagia: A randomized controlled study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:918974. [PMID: 36034299 PMCID: PMC9403609 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.918974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveOur study aims to measure the cortical correlates of swallowing execution in patients with dysphagia after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and observe the change of pattern of brain activation in stroke patients with dysphagia after rTMS intervention. In addition, we tried to analyze the effect of rTMS on brain activation in dysphagia patients with different lesion sides. This study also concentrated on the effect of stimulating the affected mylohyoid cortical region by 5 Hz rTMS, providing clinical evidence for rTMS therapy of dysphagia in stroke patients.MethodsThis study was a sham-controlled, single-blind, randomized controlled study with a blinded observer. A total of 49 patients completed the study, which was randomized to the rTMS group (n = 23) and sham rTMS group (n = 26) by the random number table method. The rTMS group received 5 Hz rTMS stimulation to the affected mylohyoid cortical region of the brain and the sham rTMS group underwent rTMS using the same parameters as the rTMS group, except for the position of the coil. Each patient received 2 weeks of stimulation followed by conventional swallowing therapy. Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA), Fiberoptic Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Scale (FEDSS), Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS), and functional oral intake status were assessed at two times: baseline (before treatment) and 2 weeks (after intervention). Meanwhile, we use the fNIRS system to measure the cerebral hemodynamic changes during the experimental procedure.ResultsThe rTMS group exhibited significant improvement in the SSA scale, FEDSS scale, and PAS scale after rTMS therapy (all P < 0.001). The sham rTMS group had the same analysis on the same scales (all P < 0.001). There was no significant difference observed in clinical assessments at 2 weeks after baseline between the rTMS group and sham rTMS group (all P > 0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the rate of change in the FEDSS score (P = 0.018) and PAS score (P = 0.004), except for the SSA score (P = 0.067). As for the removal rate of the feeding tube, there was no significant difference between the rTMS group and sham rTMS group (P = 0.355), but there was a significant difference compared with the baseline characteristics in both groups (PrTMS < 0.001, PshamrTMS = 0.002). In fNIRS analysis, the block average result showed differences in brain areas RPFC (right prefrontal cortex) and RMC (right motor cortex) significantly between the rTMS group and sham rTMS group after intervention (Pchannel30 = 0.046, Pchannel16 = 0.006). In the subgroup analysis, rTMS group was divided into left-rTMS group and right-rTMS group and sham rTMS group was divided into sham left-rTMS group and sham right-rTMS group. The fNIRS results showed no significance in block average and block differential after intervention between the left-rTMS group and sham left-rTMS group, but differences were statistically significant between the right-rTMS group and sham right-rTMS group in block average: channel 30 (T = −2.34, P = 0.028) in LPFC (left prefrontal cortex) and 16 (T = 2.54, P = 0.018) in RMC. After intervention, there was no significance in left-rTMS group compared with baseline, but in right-rTMS group, channel 27 (T = 2.18, P = 0.039) in LPFC and 47 (T = 2.17, P = 0.039) in RPFC had significance in block differential. In the sham rTMS group, neither sham left-rTMS group and sham right-rTMS group had significant differences in block average and block differential in each brain area after intervention (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe present study confirmed that a 5-Hz rTMS is feasible at the affected mylohyoid cortical region in post-stroke patients with dysphagia and rTMS therapy can alter cortical excitability. Based on previous studies, there is a dominant hemisphere in swallowing and the results of our fNIRS analysis seemed to show a better increase in cortical activation on the right side than on the left after rTMS of the affected mylohyoid cortical region. However, there was no difference between the left and right hemispheres in the subgroup analysis. Nevertheless, the present study provides a novel and feasible method of applying fNIRS to assessment in stroke patients with dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Zicai Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xin Wen
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Lida Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Jinzhu Rao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Li Li
- Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
- *Correspondence: Li Li
| | - Minghong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
- Minghong Wang
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The 7th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Pu Wang
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Mills-Finnerty C, Frangos E, Allen K, Komisaruk B, Wise N. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Sexual Medicine: A Primer. J Sex Med 2022; 19:1073-1089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Machine learning approaches for parsing comorbidity/heterogeneity in antisociality and substance use disorders: A primer. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 4:e6. [PMID: 34909565 PMCID: PMC8640675 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2021.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
By some accounts, as many as 93% of individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) or psychopathy also meet criteria for some form of substance use disorder (SUD). This high level of comorbidity, combined with an overlapping biopsychosocial profile, and potentially interacting features, has made it difficult to delineate the shared/unique characteristics of each disorder. Moreover, while rarely acknowledged, both SUD and antisociality exist as highly heterogeneous disorders in need of more targeted parcellation. While emerging data-driven nosology for psychiatric disorders (e.g., Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)) offers the opportunity for a more systematic delineation of the externalizing spectrum, the interrogation of large, complex neuroimaging-based datasets may require data-driven approaches that are not yet widely employed in psychiatric neuroscience. With this in mind, the proposed article sets out to provide an introduction into machine learning methods for neuroimaging that can help parse comorbid, heterogeneous externalizing samples. The modest machine learning work conducted to date within the externalizing domain demonstrates the potential utility of the approach but remains highly nascent. Within the paper, we make suggestions for how future work can make use of machine learning methods, in combination with emerging psychiatric nosology systems, to further diagnostic and etiological understandings of the externalizing spectrum. Finally, we briefly consider some challenges that will need to be overcome to encourage further progress in the field.
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Braun U, Harneit A, Pergola G, Menara T, Schäfer A, Betzel RF, Zang Z, Schweiger JI, Zhang X, Schwarz K, Chen J, Blasi G, Bertolino A, Durstewitz D, Pasqualetti F, Schwarz E, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Bassett DS, Tost H. Brain network dynamics during working memory are modulated by dopamine and diminished in schizophrenia. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3478. [PMID: 34108456 PMCID: PMC8190281 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamical brain state transitions are critical for flexible working memory but the network mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show that working memory performance entails brain-wide switching between activity states using a combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy controls and individuals with schizophrenia, pharmacological fMRI, genetic analyses and network control theory. The stability of states relates to dopamine D1 receptor gene expression while state transitions are influenced by D2 receptor expression and pharmacological modulation. Individuals with schizophrenia show altered network control properties, including a more diverse energy landscape and decreased stability of working memory representations. Our results demonstrate the relevance of dopamine signaling for the steering of whole-brain network dynamics during working memory and link these processes to schizophrenia pathophysiology. Working memory requires the brain to switch between cognitive states and activity patterns. Here, the authors show that the steering of these neural network dynamics is influenced by dopamine D1- and D2-receptor function and altered in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Anais Harneit
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso Menara
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Axel Schäfer
- Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Gießen, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Richard F Betzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Zhenxiang Zang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Janina I Schweiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Junfang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniel Durstewitz
- Department of Theoretical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabio Pasqualetti
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Danielle S Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.,The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Li Q, Feng J, Guo J, Wang Z, Li P, Liu H, Fan Z. Effects of the multisensory rehabilitation product for home-based hand training after stroke on cortical activation by using NIRS methods. Neurosci Lett 2020; 717:134682. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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