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Mitra A, Dasgupta A, Mitra D. Cellular HSF1 expression is induced during HIV-1 infection by activation of its promoter mediated through the cooperative interaction of HSF1 and viral Nef protein. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 754:109947. [PMID: 38417690 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) tends to activate cellular promoters driving expression of pro-viral genes by complex host-virus interactions for productive infection. We have previously demonstrated that expression of such a positive host factor HSF1 (heat shock factor 1) is elevated during HIV-1 infection; however, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we therefore examined whether HSF1 promoter is induced during HIV-1 infection leading to up-regulation of hsf1 gene expression. We mapped the putative transcription start site (TSS) predicted by Eukaryotic promoter database and deletion constructs of the predicted promoter region were tested through luciferase assay to identify the active promoter. The 347 bp upstream to 153 bp downstream region around the putative TSS displayed the highest activity and both Sp1 (stimulating protein 1) and HSF1 itself were identified to be important for its basal activation. Activity of HSF1 promoter was further stimulated during HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T cells, where interestingly the HSF1-site itself seems to play a major role. In addition, HIV-1 protein Nef (negative factor) was also observed to be responsible for the virus-mediated induction of hsf1 gene expression. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays further demonstrate that Nef and HSF1 are co-recruited to the HSF1-binding site and cooperatively act on this promoter. The interplay between host HSF1 and viral Nef on HSF1 promoter eventually leads to increase in HSF1 expression during HIV-1 infection. Understanding the mechanism of HSF1 up-regulation during HIV-1 infection might contribute to future antiviral strategies as HSF1 is a positive regulator of virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alapani Mitra
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Anindita Dasgupta
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Debashis Mitra
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411007, Maharashtra, India.
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2
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Sharma P, Ma JX, Karamichos D. Effects of hypoxia in the diabetic corneal stroma microenvironment. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109790. [PMID: 38224848 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Corneal dysfunctions associated with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), termed diabetic keratopathy (DK), can cause impaired vision and/or blindness. Hypoxia affects both Type 1 (T1DM) and Type 2 (T2DM) surprisingly, the role of hypoxia in DK is unexplored. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of hypoxia in vitro on primary human corneal stromal cells derived from Healthy (HCFs), and diabetic (T1DMs and T2DMs) subjects, by exposing them to normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (2% O2) conditions through 2D and 3D in vitro models. Our data revealed that hypoxia affected T2DMs by slowing their wound healing capacity, leading to significant alterations in oxidative stress-related markers, mitochondrial health, cellular homeostasis, and endoplasmic reticulum health (ER) along with fibrotic development. In T1DMs, hypoxia significantly modulated markers related to membrane permeabilization, oxidative stress via apoptotic marker (BAX), and protein degradation. Hypoxic environment induced oxidative stress (NOQ1 mediated reduction of superoxide in T1DMs and Nrf2 mediated oxidative stress in T2DMs), modulation in mitochondrial health (Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), and dysregulation of cellular homeostasis (HSP90) in both T1DMs and T2DMs. This data underscores the significant impact of hypoxia on the diabetic cornea. Further studies are warranted to delineate the complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Sharma
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.
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3
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Tu Z, Tang L, Abo-Raya MH, Sun M, Shen H, Wang Y. Cloning and characterization of heat shock transcription factor 1 and its functional role for Hsp70 production in the sea slug Onchidium reevesii. Gene 2024; 893:147945. [PMID: 38381511 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the regulatory role of heat shock transcription factor 1 of sea slug Onchidium reevesii (OrHSF1) on Hsp70 expression in the sea slug under stress , the OrHSF1 gene was cloned and bioinformatics analysis was performed, then the gene and protein expressions by RNA interference (RNAi) mediated knockdown of OrHSF1 expression were measured to clarify the regulatory relationship between OrHSF1 and Hsp70 under low-frequency noise (LFN) stress. Our study was the first to clone a 1572 bp sequence of the OrHSF1 gene, with the sequence coding for amino acids (CDS) being 729 bp, encoding 243 amino acids. O. reevesii shared a close evolutionary relationship with mollusks such as the Aplysia californica. OrHSF1 gene is widely expressed in different tissues of sea slugs, with the highest expression in the intestine and the lowest in the reproductive glands. Furthermore, we used RNA interference (RNAi) as a tool to silence the OrHSF1 gene in the central nervous system (CNS) and the results indicated that gene silencing was occurring systematically in the CNS and the suppression of OrHSF1 expression by RNAi-mediated gene silencing altered the expression of Hsp70; besides, the expression trends of OrHSF1 gene and Hsp70 were consistent in the 3 and 5-day RNAi experiment. Moreover, in sea slugs injected with siHSF1 and exposed to LFN, the mRNA expression and protein expression of Hsp70 in the CNS were significantly decreased compared to the low-frequency noise group (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that OrHSF1 regulates Hsp70 expression in marine mollusks under low-frequency noise, and HSF1-Hsp70 axis plays a key role in stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Tu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Liusiqiao Tang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mohamed H Abo-Raya
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mengying Sun
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Heding Shen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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4
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Li Z, Zheng Y, Maimaiti Z, Fu J, Yang F, Li ZY, Shi Y, Hao LB, Chen JY, Xu C. Identification and analysis of microplastics in human lower limb joints. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132640. [PMID: 37813027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been detected in various human tissues, including the liver, placenta, and blood. However, studies about MPs in the human locomotor system are limited. This study evaluated the presence of MPs in the synovium of 45 patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty using micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman microscopy and investigated their association with clinical indicators and local cellular responses. A total of 343 MPs of nine common types were identified, with a mean abundance of 5.24 ± 2.07 particles/g and ranging from 1.16 to 10.77 particles/g. Although there was no clear correlation between MP abundance and demographics, MP abundance was higher in hip samples than in knee samples. In addition, a potential association was observed between MP abundance and specific clinical diagnoses. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that a three-fold increase in MP abundance corresponded to enhanced local cellular stress responses, particularly heat shock protein reactions. Our findings demonstrate the presence of MPs in human joints and suggest that further studies are needed to explore the intricate associations between MPs and anatomical location, clinical diagnosis, and local cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zulipikaer Maimaiti
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Bo Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Ying Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Gabriel S, Czerny T, Riegel E. Repression motif in HSF1 regulated by phosphorylation. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110813. [PMID: 37468051 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a transcription factor that itself is a sensor for stress and integrates various intrinsic or environmental stress sensing pathways. Thus HSF1 orchestrates the heat shock response (HSR) by translating these pathways into a distinct transcriptional program that aids the cells to cope with and adapt to proteotoxic stress. Although heavily researched the regulation of HSF1 activation is still not completely understood. A conserved reaction to stress is the hyperphosphorylation of the otherwise confined constitutive phosphorylated HSF1. Therefore, this stress specific phosphorylation is believed to be involved in the regulatory mechanism and hence, was and is focus of many studies, ascribing various effects to single phosphorylation sites. To gain additional insight into effects of phosphorylation, HSF1 carrying amino acid substitutions on up to 18 amino acids were tested for their transactivation potential on an HSR reporter plasmid. A pattern of eleven phosphor-mimicking and diminishing amino acid substitutions on well-known phosphorylation sites of HSF1 were introduced to produce transcriptional active [11 M(+)] or repressed [11 M(-)] phenotypes. It could be confirmed that heat activates HSF1 regardless of phosphorylation. Distinct cellular stress, obtained by chemical HSR inducers or mimicked by a constitutively active HSF1, showed clear differences in the activation potential of HSF1-11 M(+) and 11 M(-). Further refinement to the single amino acid level identified the S303/307 double-phosphorylation motif, wherein phosphorylation of S303 was sole responsible for the repressing effect. The effect could be reproduced in different cell lines and is not entirely based on degradation. A small repression motif could be dissociated from the HSF1 context, which is still capable of repressing the background transcription of a specifically designed reporter plasmid. Taken together these results indicate, that besides already described mechanisms of pS303/307 mediated repression of HSF1 activation, an additional mechanism repressing the transcriptional output of the entire HSE containing promoter is mediated by this small repressive motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Gabriel
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Favoritenstraße 222, A-1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Czerny
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Favoritenstraße 222, A-1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Riegel
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Favoritenstraße 222, A-1100 Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Ciccarelli M, Masser AE, Kaimal JM, Planells J, Andréasson C. Genetic inactivation of essential HSF1 reveals an isolated transcriptional stress response selectively induced by protein misfolding. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar101. [PMID: 37467033 PMCID: PMC10551698 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-05-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor 1 (Hsf1) in yeast drives the basal transcription of key proteostasis factors and its activity is induced as part of the core heat shock response. Exploring Hsf1 specific functions has been challenging due to the essential nature of the HSF1 gene and the extensive overlap of target promoters with environmental stress response (ESR) transcription factors Msn2 and Msn4 (Msn2/4). In this study, we constructed a viable hsf1∆ strain by replacing the HSF1 open reading frame with genes that constitutively express Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 from Hsf1-independent promoters. Phenotypic analysis showed that the hsf1∆ strain grows slowly, is sensitive to heat as well as protein misfolding and accumulates protein aggregates. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the transcriptional response to protein misfolding induced by azetidine-2-carboxylic acid is fully dependent on Hsf1. In contrast, the hsf1∆ strain responded to heat shock through the ESR. Following HS, Hsf1 and Msn2/4 showed functional compensatory induction with stronger activation of the remaining stress pathway when the other branch was inactivated. Thus, we provide a long-overdue genetic test of the function of Hsf1 in yeast using the novel hsf1∆ construct. Our data highlight that the accumulation of misfolded proteins is uniquely sensed by Hsf1-Hsp70 chaperone titration inducing a highly selective transcriptional stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ciccarelli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna E Masser
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jordi Planells
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Andréasson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Moyano P, Sola E, Naval MV, Guerra-Menéndez L, Fernández MDLC, del Pino J. Neurodegenerative Proteinopathies Induced by Environmental Pollutants: Heat Shock Proteins and Proteasome as Promising Therapeutic Tools. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2048. [PMID: 37631262 PMCID: PMC10458078 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants' (EPs) amount and diversity have increased in recent years due to anthropogenic activity. Several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are theorized to be related to EPs, as their incidence has increased in a similar way to human EPs exposure and they reproduce the main ND hallmarks. EPs induce several neurotoxic effects, including accumulation and gradual deposition of misfolded toxic proteins, producing neuronal malfunction and cell death. Cells possess different mechanisms to eliminate these toxic proteins, including heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the proteasome system. The accumulation and deleterious effects of toxic proteins are induced through HSPs and disruption of proteasome proteins' homeostatic function by exposure to EPs. A therapeutic approach has been proposed to reduce accumulation of toxic proteins through treatment with recombinant HSPs/proteasome or the use of compounds that increase their expression or activity. Our aim is to review the current literature on NDs related to EP exposure and their relationship with the disruption of the proteasome system and HSPs, as well as to discuss the toxic effects of dysfunction of HSPs and proteasome and the contradictory effects described in the literature. Lastly, we cover the therapeutic use of developed drugs and recombinant proteasome/HSPs to eliminate toxic proteins and prevent/treat EP-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moyano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emma Sola
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Victoria Naval
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Bothanic, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Guerra-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology, Medicine School, San Pablo CEU University, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria De la Cabeza Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier del Pino
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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8
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Zahm AM, Owens WS, Himes SR, Rondem KE, Fallon BS, Gormick AN, Bloom JS, Kosuri S, Chan H, English JG. Discovery and Validation of Context-Dependent Synthetic Mammalian Promoters. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.11.539703. [PMID: 37214829 PMCID: PMC10197685 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.11.539703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular transcription enables cells to adapt to various stimuli and maintain homeostasis. Transcription factors bind to transcription response elements (TREs) in gene promoters, initiating transcription. Synthetic promoters, derived from natural TREs, can be engineered to control exogenous gene expression using endogenous transcription machinery. This technology has found extensive use in biological research for applications including reporter gene assays, biomarker development, and programming synthetic circuits in living cells. However, a reliable and precise method for selecting minimally-sized synthetic promoters with desired background, amplitude, and stimulation response profiles has been elusive. In this study, we introduce a massively parallel reporter assay library containing 6184 synthetic promoters, each less than 250 bp in length. This comprehensive library allows for rapid identification of promoters with optimal transcriptional output parameters across multiple cell lines and stimuli. We showcase this library's utility to identify promoters activated in unique cell types, and in response to metabolites, mitogens, cellular toxins, and agonism of both aminergic and non-aminergic GPCRs. We further show these promoters can be used in luciferase reporter assays, eliciting 50-100 fold dynamic ranges in response to stimuli. Our platform is effective, easily implemented, and provides a solution for selecting short-length promoters with precise performance for a multitude of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Zahm
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Samuel R. Himes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Rondem
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Braden S. Fallon
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alexa N. Gormick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Justin G. English
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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9
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Bonilla JO, Callegari EA, Paez MD, Gil RA, Villegas LB. Bivalent copper ions presence triggers removal and homeostatic mechanisms in the metal-resistant microorganism Apiotrichum loubieri M12. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104013. [PMID: 36494018 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.104013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms, especially those habiting mining environments, are of great importance for the retention of toxic metals in the environment. This work aimed to isolate a copper removing-microorganism from sediments of an Acid Mine Drainage-affected environment and to study the cellular responses trigger by metal presence. Apiotrichum loubieri M12 was able to tolerate and remove Cu(II) from liquid culture media, reaching a 30-35% removal capacity when it was exposed to 40 μg mL-1 Cu(II) after 48 h. Analysis of the biomass exposed to the metal through SEM-EDS showed copper presence on the cell surface and variations in the proportion of other biomass constituent elements. Proteomics revealed that the presence of Cu(II) induces differential expression of intracellular proteins involved in a wide variety of metabolic processes. Interestingly, a specific response to the metal was detected in cell-free supernatants, in which copper binding proteins were identified. A large number of proteins with metal ion binding sites were detected both at intra and extracellular levels. The microorganism responds not only by adjusting intracellular protein expression, but also by adjusting expression of proteins in the extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Oscar Bonilla
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Eduardo Alberto Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.
| | - María Daniela Paez
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.
| | - Raúl Andrés Gil
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Liliana Beatriz Villegas
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
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10
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Bi SS, Talukder M, Sun XT, Lv MW, Ge J, Zhang C, Li JL. Cerebellar injury induced by cadmium via disrupting the heat-shock response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22550-22559. [PMID: 36301385 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23771-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a food contaminant that poses serious threats to animal health, including birds. It is also an air pollutant with well-known neurotoxic effects on humans. However, knowledge on the neurotoxic effects of chronic Cd exposure on chicken is limited. Thus, this study assessed the neurotoxic effects of chronic Cd on chicken cerebellum. Chicks were exposed to 0 (control), 35 (low), and 70 (high) mg/kg of Cd for 90 days, and the expression of genes related to the heat-shock response was investigated. The chickens showed clinical symptoms of ataxia, and histopathology revealed that Cd exposure decreased the number of Purkinje cells and induced degeneration of Purkinje cells with pyknosis, and some dendrites were missing. Moreover, Cd exposure increased the expression of heat-shock factors, HSF1, HSF2, and HSF3, and heat-shock proteins, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and HSP110. These changes indicate that HSPs improve the tolerance of the cerebellum to Cd. Conversely, the expressions of HSP10, HSP25, and HSP40 were decreased significantly, which indicated that Cd inhibits the expression of small heat-shock proteins. However, HSP27 and HSP47 were upregulated following low-dose Cd exposure, but downregulated under high-dose Cd exposure. This work sheds light on the toxic effects of Cd on the cerebellum, and it may provide evidence for health risks posed by Cd. Additionally, this work also identified a novel target of Cd exposure in that Cd induces cerebellar injury by disrupting the heat-shock response. Cd can be absorbed into chicken's cerebellum through the food chain, which eventually caused cerebellar injury. This study provided a new insight that chronic Cd-induced neurotoxicity in the cerebellum is associated with alterations in heat-shock response-related genes, which indicated that Cd through disturbing heat-shock response induced cerebellar injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Shuai Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, People's Republic of China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Xue-Tong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Wei Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Abstract
Environmental agents of exposure can damage proteins, affecting protein function and cellular protein homeostasis. Specific residues are inherently chemically susceptible to damage from individual types of exposure. Amino acid content is not completely predictive of protein susceptibility, as secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of proteins strongly influence the reactivity of the proteome to individual exposures. Because we cannot readily predict which proteins will be affected by which chemical exposures, mass spectrometry-based proteomic strategies are necessary to determine the protein targets of environmental toxins and toxicants. This review describes the mechanisms by which environmental exposure to toxins and toxicants can damage proteins and affect their function, and emerging omic methodologies that can be used to identify the protein targets of a given agent. These methods include target identification strategies that have recently revolutionized the drug discovery field, such as activity-based protein profiling, protein footprinting, and protein stability profiling technologies. In particular, we highlight the necessity of multiple, complementary approaches to fully interrogate how protein integrity is challenged by individual exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Genereux
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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12
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Quantitative Comparison of HSF1 Activators. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:873-887. [PMID: 35218516 PMCID: PMC9259536 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) pathway is a highly conserved rescue mechanism, which protects the cells from harmful insults disturbing the cellular protein homeostasis via expression of chaperones. Furthermore, it was demonstrated to play crucial roles in various diseases like neurodegeneration and cancer. For neurodegenerative diseases, an overexpression of chaperones is a potential therapeutic approach to clear the cells from non-functional protein aggregates. Therefore, activators of the HSR pathway and its master regulator HSF1 are under close observation. There are numerous HSR activators published in the literature using different model systems, experimental designs, and readout assays. The aim of this work was to provide a quantitative comparison of a broad range of published activators using a newly developed HSF responsive dual-luciferase cell line. Contrary to natural target genes, which are regulated by multiple input pathways, the artificial reporter exclusively reacts to HSF activity. In addition, the results were compared to endogenous heat shock protein expression. As a result, great differences in the intensity of pathway activation were observed. In addition, a parallel viability assessment revealed high variability in the specificity of the drugs. Furthermore, the differences seen compared to published data indicate that some activators exhibit tissue-specific differences leading to interesting assumptions about the regulation of HSF1.
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Kmiecik SW, Mayer MP. Molecular mechanisms of heat shock factor 1 regulation. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 47:218-234. [PMID: 34810080 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To thrive and to fulfill their functions, cells need to maintain proteome homeostasis even in the face of adverse environmental conditions or radical restructuring of the proteome during differentiation. At the center of the regulation of proteome homeostasis is an ancient transcriptional mechanism, the so-called heat shock response (HSR), orchestrated in all eukaryotic cells by heat shock transcription factor 1 (Hsf1). As Hsf1 is implicated in aging and several pathologies like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, understanding the regulation of Hsf1 could open novel therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we discuss the regulation of Hsf1's transcriptional activity by multiple layers of control circuits involving Hsf1 synthesis and degradation, conformational rearrangements and post-translational modifications (PTMs), and molecular chaperones in negative feedback loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon W Kmiecik
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P Mayer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH-Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Chang YW, Wang YC, Zhang XX, Iqbal J, Lu MX, Du YZ. Transcriptional regulation of small heat shock protein genes by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in Liriomyza trifolii under heat stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:835-843. [PMID: 34337672 PMCID: PMC8492843 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) function as molecular chaperones in multiple physiological processes and are active during thermal stress. sHSP expression is controlled by heat shock transcription factor (HSF); however, few studies have been conducted on HSF in agricultural pests. Liriomyza trifolii is an introduced insect pest of horticultural and vegetable crops in China. In this study, the master regulator, HSF1, was cloned and characterized from L. trifolii, and the expression levels of HSF1 and five sHSPs were studied during heat stress. HSF1 expression in L. trifolii generally decreased with rising temperatures, whereas expression of the five sHSPs showed an increasing trend that correlated with elevated temperatures. All five sHSPs and HSF1 showed an upward trend in expression with exposure to 40 ℃ without a recovery period. When a recovery period was incorporated after thermal stress, the expression patterns of HSF1 and sHSPs in L. trifolii exposed to 40 °C was significantly lower than expression with no recovery period. To elucidate potential interactions between HSF1 and sHSPs, double-stranded RNA was synthesized to knock down HSF1 in L. trifolii by RNA interference. The knockdown of HSF1 by RNAi decreased the survival rate and expression of HSP19.5, HSP20.8, and HSP21.3 during high-temperature stress. This study expands our understanding of HSF1-regulated gene expression in L. trifolii exposed to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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15
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Kerschbaum S, Wegrostek C, Riegel E, Czerny T. Senescence in a cell culture model for burn wounds. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 122:104674. [PMID: 34437877 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermal injuries cause severe damage on the cellular and tissue level and are considered especially challenging in the clinical routine. Complex interactions of different cell types and pathways dictate the formation of burn wounds. Thus, complications like burn wound progression, where so far viable tissue becomes necrotic and the size and depth of the wound increases, are difficult to explain, mainly due to the lack of simple model systems. We tested the behavior of human fibroblasts after heat treatment. A prominent response of the cells is to activate the heat shock response (HSR), which is one of the primary emergency mechanisms of the cell to proteotoxic stress factors such as heat. However, after a powerful but not lethal heat shock we observed a delayed activation of the HSR. Extending this model system, we further investigated these static cells and observed the emergence of senescent cells. In particular, the cells became β-galactosidase positive, increased p16 levels and developed a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The secretion of cytokines like IL-6 is reminiscent of burn wounds and generates a bystander effect in so far non-senescent cells. In agreement with burn wounds, a wave of cytokine secretion enhanced by invading immune cells could explain complications like burn wound progression. A simple cell culture model can thus be applied for the analysis of highly complex conditions in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kerschbaum
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Wegrostek
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Riegel
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Czerny
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien, Helmut-Qualtinger-Gasse 2, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Pinter E, Friedl C, Irnesberger A, Czerny T, Piwonka T, Peñarroya A, Tacker M, Riegel E. HepGentox: a novel promising HepG2 reportergene-assay for the detection of genotoxic substances in complex mixtures. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11883. [PMID: 34395098 PMCID: PMC8323594 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In risk assessment, genotoxicity is a key factor to determine the safety for the consumer. Most in vitro genotoxicity assays were developed for the assessment of pure substances. However, in recent years more attention has been given to complex mixtures, where usually low amounts of a substance are present. For high-throughput screening, a toxicologically sensitive assay should be used, covering a broad range of genotoxic substances and detecting them at low concentrations. HepG2 cells have been recommended as one of the prime candidates for genotoxicity testing, as they are p53 competent, less prone towards cytotoxic effects and tend to have some metabolic activity. METHODS A HepG2 liver cell line was characterized for its suitability for genotoxicity assessment. For this, a luciferase based reporter gene assay revolving around the p53 pathway was validated for the analysis of pure substances and of complex mixtures. Further, the cell's capability to detect genotoxins correctly with and without an exogenous metabolizing system, namely rat liver S9, was assessed. RESULTS The assay proved to have a high toxicological sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (94%). Further, the endogenous metabolizing system of the HepG2 cells was able to detect some genotoxins, which are known to depend on an enzymatic system. When complex mixtures were added this did not lead to any adverse effects concerning the assays performance and cytotoxicity was not an issue. DISCUSSION The HepGentox proved to have a high toxicological sensitivity and specificity for the tested substances, with similar or even lower lowest effective concentration (LEC) values, compared to other regulatory mammalian assays. This combines some important aspects in one test system, while also being less time and material consuming and covering several genotoxicity endpoints. As the assay performs well with and without an exogenous metabolizing system, no animal liver fractions have to be used, which application is discussed controversially and is considered to be expensive and laborious in sample testing. Because of this, the HepGentox is suitable for a cost-efficient first screening approach to obtain important information with human cells for further approaches, with a relatively fast and easy method. Therefore, the HepGentox is a promising assay to detect genotoxic substances correctly in complex mixtures even at low concentrations, with the potential for a high throughput application. In a nutshell, as part of an in vitro bioassay test battery, this assay could provide valuable information for complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Pinter
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Friedl
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Irnesberger
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Czerny
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tina Piwonka
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfonso Peñarroya
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Tacker
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Riegel
- Departement of Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Vienna, FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Das SK, Ali M, Shetake NG, Dumpala RMR, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Mechanism of thorium-nitrate and thorium-dioxide induced cytotoxicity in normal human lung epithelial cells (WI26): Role of oxidative stress, HSPs and DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 281:116969. [PMID: 33845224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation represents the most prevalent route of exposure with Thorium-232 compounds (Th-nitrate/Th-dioxide)/Th-containing dust in real occupational scenario. The present study investigated the mechanism of Th response in normal human alveolar epithelial cells (WI26), exposed to Th-nitrate or colloidal Th-dioxide (1-100 μg/ml, 24-72 h). Assessment in terms of changes in cell morphology, cell proliferation (cell count), plasma membrane integrity (lactate dehydrogenase leakage) and mitochondrial metabolic activity (MTT reduction) showed that Th-dioxide was quantitatively more deleterious than Th-nitrate to WI26 cells. TEM and immunofluorescence analysis suggested that Th-dioxide followed a clathrin/caveolin-mediated endocytosis, however, membrane perforation/non-endocytosis seemed to be the mode of Th internalization in cells exposed to Th-nitrate. Th-estimation by ICP-MS showed significantly higher uptake of Th in cells treated with Th-dioxide than with Th-nitrate at a given concentration. Both Th-dioxide and nitrate were found to increase the level of reactive oxygen species, which seemed to be responsible for lipid peroxidation, alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA-damage. Amongst HSPs, the protein levels of HSP70 and HSP90 were affected differentially by Th-nitrate/dioxide. Specific inhibitors of ATM (KU55933) or HSP90 (17AAG) were found to increase the Th- cytotoxicity suggesting prosurvival role of these signaling molecules in rescuing the cells from Th-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Das
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Manjoor Ali
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Neena G Shetake
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Rama Mohan R Dumpala
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Badri N Pandey
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
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18
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Bonilla JO, Callegari EA, Paez MD, Gil RA, Villegas LB. Characterization of copper stress response in Fusarium tricinctum M6: A metal-resistant microorganism isolated from an acid mine drainage-affected environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125216. [PMID: 33951861 PMCID: PMC8108702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage-affected environments are interesting microbial niches for the isolation of metal-resistant microorganisms. In this sense, the aim of the present work is to isolate and characterize metal-resistant microorganisms from sediments of an abandoned gold mine located in San Luis (Argentina). For these purposes, the metal removal capacity and the microelemental composition of the biomass exposed to metals were evaluated. Likewise, proteomic techniques were applied to understand the removal and resistance mechanisms. Fusarium tricinctum M6 was isolated and identified as tolerant to Cu(II), Fe(II) and Cr(VI). When faced with 40 µg mL-1 Cu(II), the growth was affected by 60% and the removal capacity was 30-35%. Copper was found uniformly distributed in the biomass (5.23% w/w) and variations in the proportion of other biomass constituent elements were detected. When exposed to Cu(II), F. tricinctum M6 showed differential expression of intra and extracellular proteins involved in different metabolic processes. A large number of proteins with metal ion binding sites were detected both at intra and extracellular levels. The results obtained in the present work indicated bioadsorption of the metal on the cell surface and an important readjustment of the protein expression to counteract the stress produced by Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Oscar Bonilla
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Alberto Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - María Daniela Paez
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Raúl Andrés Gil
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Liliana Beatriz Villegas
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
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19
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Wang N, Ma H, Li J, Meng C, Zou J, Wang H, Liu K, Liu M, Xiao X, Zhang H, Wang K. HSF1 functions as a key defender against palmitic acid-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 150:65-76. [PMID: 33098823 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA)-induced myocardial injury is considered a critical contributor to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related cardiomyopathy. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that PA induced the cell death of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while different ferroptosis inhibitors significantly abrogated the cell death of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to PA. Mechanistically, PA decreased the protein expression levels of both heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which were restored by different ferroptosis inhibitors. Overexpression of HSF1 not only alleviated PA-induced cell death and lipid peroxidation but also improved disturbed iron homeostasis by regulating the transcription of iron metabolism-related genes (e.g., Fth1, Tfrc, Slc40a1). Additionally, PA-blocked GPX4 protein expression was evidently restored by HSF1 overexpression. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress rather than autophagy contributed to HSF1-mediated GPX4 expression. Moreover, GPX4 overexpression protected against PA-induced ferroptosis, whereas knockdown of GPX4 reversed the anti-ferroptotic effect of HSF1. Consistent with the in vitro findings, PA-challenged Hsf1-/- mice exhibited more serious ferroptosis, increased Slc40a1 and Fth1 mRNA expression, decreased GPX4 and TFRC expression and enhanced ER stress in the heart compared with Hsf1+/+ mice. Altogether, HSF1 may function as a key defender against PA-induced ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes by maintaining cellular iron homeostasis and GPX4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Research Center of China-Africa Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - ChaoYang Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiang Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Meidong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Kangkai Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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20
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Yang X, Gao Y, Zhao M, Wang X, Zhou H, Zhang A. Cloning and identification of grass carp transcription factor HSF1 and its characterization involving the production of fish HSP70. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1933-1945. [PMID: 32627093 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is well documented as the critical transcript factor to regulate heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression under different stresses, such as heat shock or bacterial infection. In fish, Hsf1 responses to physiological and environmental stresses and regulates Hsp70 expression under thermal exposure. However, the functional role of Hsf1 in Hsp70 production is still elusive under bacterial infection. In the present study, a coding sequence of grass carp hsf1 (gchsf1) gene was cloned and identified. Using Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells as the model, we found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exerted stimulatory effects on the expression of grass carp hsp70 (gchsp70) and hsf1, implying possible relationship of Hsp70 and Hsf1 under immune stimulation in fish. To validate the hypothesis, overexpression of gcHsf1 was performed in CIK cells, and the effects of overexpressing gcHsf1 on the expression of gcHsp70 in the absence or presence of LPS were examined. Results showed that LPS significantly upregulated the transcription and protein synthesis of gcHsp70, and these stimulatory effects were further amplified when overexpression of gcHsf1 was performed. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays in CIK cells revealed that both overexpression of Hsf1 and LPS upregulated gchsp70 transcription, and their combined treatment further enhanced the gchsp70 promoter activity. Moreover, the regions responsive to these treatments were mapped to the promoter of gchsp70. Besides transcriptional level and cellular protein contents, gcHsp70 secretion was measured by competitive ELISA, uncovering that gcHsf1 enhanced the release of gcHsp70 induced by LPS in the same cells. These data not only demonstrated the enhancement of Hsf1 in Hsp70 production but also initially revealed the involvement of Hsf1-Hsp70 axis in mediating inflammatory response in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biology, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI, USA
| | - Yajun Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Anying Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Tarnawska M, Babczyńska A, Hassa K, Kafel A, Płachetka-Bożek A, Augustyniak J, Dziewięcka M, Flasz B, Augustyniak M. Protective role of zinc in Spodoptera exigua larvae under 135-generational cadmium exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:785-793. [PMID: 31280047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether zinc supplementation modulates cadmium toxicity in the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua selected for 135 generations towards cadmium tolerance. To achieve this, larvae originating from three laboratory populations of S. exigua (control strain - C; cadmium-intoxicated for 135 generations strain - Cd, and control strain intoxicated with Cd for 1 generation - CCd) were additionally exposed to zinc in three concentrations (Zn1, 400 μg Zn·g-1 dry mass of food; Zn2; 200 μg Zn·g-1 dry mass of food; Zn3, 100 μg Zn·g-1 dry mass of food). As the markers of toxicity, a life history traits (the duration of L4 and L5 stages), cellular (DNA damage indices) and biochemical parameters (ADP/ATP ratio and ATP and HSP70 concentrations) were chosen. The duration of larval stages of Zn supplemented larvae was prolonged, while cellular and biochemical indicators, in general, appeared to be lower in comparison to the insects from respective reference groups in each laboratory populations. Moreover, the range of the differences depended on zinc concentration in food. We can suspect that zinc supplementation contributed to the protection of S. exigua individuals against negative effects of cadmium intoxication, probably at the cost of growth rate. Significant differences in the response pattern between insects from different laboratory populations indicate that the influence of additional stress factors is dependent on the overall condition of animals and their previous adaptation to other stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Tarnawska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Hassa
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Kafel
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Płachetka-Bożek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jan Augustyniak
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Dziewięcka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Flasz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
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