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Wu B, Zhao C, Zheng X, Peng Z, Liu M. Observation of Agonistic Behavior in Pacific White Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) and Transcriptome Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1691. [PMID: 38891739 PMCID: PMC11171402 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Agonistic behavior has been identified as a limiting factor in the development of intensive L. vannamei aquaculture. However, the characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying agonistic behavior in L. vannamei remain unclear. In this study, we quantified agonistic behavior through a behavioral observation system and generated a comprehensive database of eyestalk and brain ganglion tissues obtained from both aggressive and nonaggressive L. vannamei employing transcriptome analysis. The results showed that there were nine behavior patterns in L. vannamei which were correlated, and the fighting followed a specific process. Transcriptome analysis revealed 5083 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in eyestalk and 1239 DEGs in brain ganglion between aggressive and nonaggressive L. vannamei. Moreover, these DEGs were primarily enriched in the pathways related to the energy metabolism process and signal transduction. Specifically, the phototransduction (dme04745) signaling pathway emerges as a potential key pathway for the adjustment of the L. vannamei agonistic behavior. The G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1-like (LOC113809193) was screened out as a significant candidate gene within the phototransduction pathway. Therefore, these findings contribute to an enhanced comprehension of crustacean agonistic behavior and provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of L. vannamei varieties suitable for high-density aquaculture environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315000, China; (B.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315000, China; (B.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiafei Zheng
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315000, China; (B.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zhilan Peng
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Aquacultural Seeds Industry and Green Cultivation Technologies, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315000, China;
| | - Minhai Liu
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315000, China; (B.W.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
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Zhang B, Yu C, Xu Y, Huang Z, Cai Y, Li Y. Hepatopancreas immune response during different photoperiods in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108482. [PMID: 36503058 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod plays an important role in the growth, development, and metabolism of crustaceans. The growth and reproduction of crabs are closely related to the photoperiod. The hepatopancreas is an important source of innate immune molecules; however, hepatopancreatic patterns of gene expression depending on the photoperiod-which may underlie changes in immune mechanisms-remain unknown. To study the molecular basis of immune regulation in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) under different light conditions, a new generation of high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology was used, and functional genes associated with immune function in the hepatopancreas of this crab were explored via assembly of high-quality sequences, gene annotation, and classification. A total of 383,899,798 clean reads from the hepatopancreas of the normal group (12 h/12 h L:D), 387,936,676 clean reads from the continuous light group (24 h/0 h L:D), and 384,872,734 clean reads from the continuous darkness group (0 h/24 h L:D) were obtained. Compared with the normal group, 141, 152, 60, 87, 90, and 101 differentially expressed genes were identified in the groups exposed to continuous light for 2 days, continuous darkness for 2 days, continuous light for 4 days, continuous darkness for 4 days, continuous light for 6 days, and continuous darkness for 6 days, respectively. The results of this study revealed that under continuous light and dark conditions, the crabs were most affected by light on day 2, but the interference gradually decreased with time. We suggest that long-term light or dark treatment makes crabs adaptable to fluctuations in the photoperiod. The expression of genes associated with immune response patterns was found to change during different photoperiods. Prophenoloxidase (proPO) and serine proteinase (kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor 1 and serine proteinase inhibitor-3) in the proPO-activating system were significantly upregulated in the 2-day continuous light group. Glutathione peroxidase 3 was significantly downregulated under continuous light exposure, while cyclooxygenase was upregulated in the continuous light and dark environments. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of the photoperiod on immune regulation and the physiological activity of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Changyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingkai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqiao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China.
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Green S, Bachvaroff T, Sook Chung J. Eyestalk neuropeptide identification in the female red deep-sea crab, Chaceon quinquedens. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 330:114128. [PMID: 36152768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Eyestalk-derived neuropeptides, primarily the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) neuropeptide family, regulate vitellogenesis in decapod crustaceans. The red deep-sea crab, Chaceon quinquedens, a cold-water species inhabiting depths between 200 and 1800 m, has supported a small fishery, mainly harvesting adult males in the eastern US for over 40 years. This study aimed to understand the role of eyestalk-neuropeptides in vitellogenesis in C. quinquedens with an extended intermolt stage. Chromatography shows two CHH and one MIH peak in the sinus gland, with a CHH2 peak area four times larger than CHH1. The cDNA sequence of MIH and CHH of C. quinquedens is isolated from the eyestalk ganglia, and the qPCR assay shows MIH is significantly higher only at ovarian stages 3 than 4 and 5. However, MIH transcript and its neuropeptides do differ between stages 1 and 3. While CHH transcripts remain constant, its neuropeptide levels are higher at stages 3 than 1. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis of the de novo eyestalk ganglia assembly at ovarian stages 1 and 3 found 28 eyestalk neuropeptides. A GIH/VIH or GSH/VSH belonging to the CHH family is absent in the transcriptome. Transcripts per million (TPM) values of ten neuropeptides increase by 1.3 to 2.0-fold at stage 3 compared to stage 1: twofold for Bursicon α, followed by CHH, AKH/corazonin-like, Pyrokinin, CCAP, Glycoprotein B, PDH1, and IDLSRF-like peptide, and 1.3-fold of allatostatin A and short NP-F. WXXXRamide, the only downregulated neuropeptide, decreases TPM by ∼ 2-fold at stage 3, compared to stage 1. Interestingly, neuroparsin with the highest TPM values remains the same in stages 1 and 3. The mandibular organ-inhibiting hormone is not found in de novo assembly. We report that CHH, MIH, and eight other neuropeptides may play a role in vitellogenesis in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadaesha Green
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Tsvetan Bachvaroff
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - J Sook Chung
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
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Pang Y, He L, Song Y, Song X, Lv J, Cheng Y, Yang X. Identification and Integrated Analysis of MicroRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles During Agonistic Behavior in Chinese Mitten Crab ( Eriocheir sinensis) Using a Deep Sequencing Approach. Front Genet 2020; 11:321. [PMID: 32391050 PMCID: PMC7191074 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a commercially important species, the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) has been cultured for a long time in China. Agonistic behavior often causes limb disability and requires much energy, which is harmful to the growth and survival of crabs. In this paper, we divided crabs into a control group (control, no treatment) and an experimental group (fight, agonistic behavior after 1 h) and then collected the thoracic ganglia (TG) to extract RNA. Subsequently, we first used a deep sequencing approach to examine the transcripts of microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in E. sinensis displaying agonistic behavior. According to the results, we found 29 significant differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 116 significant differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs). The DEMs esi-miR-199a-5p, esi-let-7d, esi-miR-200a, and esi-miR-200b might participate in the regulation of agonistic behavior by mediating neuroregulation and energy metabolism. Focusing on the transcripts of the mRNAs, the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway might be involved in the regulation of agonistic behavior through glucose metabolism as this pathway was significantly enriched with DEGs. Besides, an integrated analysis of the miRNA and mRNA profiles revealed that the retinoid X receptor (RXR) was also involved in visual signal transduction, which was important for agonistic behavior. In addition, four vital agonistic behavior-related metabolic pathways, including the cAMP signaling, MAPK, protein digestion and absorption, and fatty acid metabolism pathways, were significantly enriched with the predicted target unigenes. In conclusion, the findings of this study might provide important insight enhancing our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of agonistic behavior in E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Pang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Long He
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yameng Song
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhe Song
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahuan Lv
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhen Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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