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Ghadimi D, Frahm SO, Röcken C, Ebsen M, Schwiertz A, Fölster-Holst R, Bockelmann W, Heller KJ. Effects of ad libitum free-choice access to freshly squeezed domestic white asparagus juice on intestinal microbiota composition and universal biomarkers of immuno-metabolic homeostasis and general health in middle-aged female and male C57BL/6 mice. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:401-414. [PMID: 34463231 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210830150620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asparagus contains different bioactive and volatile components including pyrazines, sulphur-containing compounds, and polyphenols. Asparagus juice is a new low-calorie LAB-containing natural juice product, the usage of which is expanding. Pyrazines and sulphur-containing compounds are degraded by bacteria on one hand, but on the other hand, dietary polyphenols prevent human colorectal diseases as modulators of the composition and/or activity of gut microbiota. However, the utility of these asparagus compounds for reversal of age-associated microbial dysbiosis and the immunometabolic disorders that dysbiosis incites body inflammatory reactions was not much explored so far. Hence, using middle-aged mice, we conducted the current study to verify the effect of freshly squeezed domestic white asparagus juice on the biomarkers reflecting immuno-metabolic pathways linking age-related dysbiosis and metabolic events. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two conventional Harlan Laboratories C57BL/6 mice aged between 11-12 months were randomly divided into two groups (n=16). Mice in control group 1 received sterile tap water. Animals in group 2 had 60 days ad libitum free-choice access to sterile tap water supplemented with 5% (v/v) freshly squeezed domestic white asparagus juice. Clinical signs of general health, hydration, and inflammation were monitored daily. Caecal content samples were analysed by qPCR for microbial composition. Histology of relevant organs was carried out on day 60 after sacrificing the mice. Universal markers of metabolic- and liver function were determined in serum samples. Caecal SCFAs contents were measured using HPLC. RESULTS Overall, no significant differences in general health or clinical signs of inflammation between the two groups were observed. The liver to body weight ratio in asparagus juice-drank mice was lowered. The qPCR quantification showed that asparagus juice significantly decreased the caecal Clostridium coccoides group while causing an enhancement in Clostridium leptum, Firmicutes, and bifidobacterial groups as well as total caecal bacterial count. Asparagus juice significantly elevated the caecal contents of SCFAs. Enhanced SCFAs (acetate, butyrate, and propionate) in mice receiving asparagus juice, however, did coincide with altered lipid levels in plasma or changes in the abundance of relevant bacteria for acetate-, butyrate-, and propionate production. DISCUSSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study aiming at evaluating the effect of freshly squeezed German domestic white asparagus juice on universal markers of metabolic- and liver function in middle-aged mice and the role of gut microbiota in this regard. The effectiveness of asparagus juice to improve metabolism in middle-aged mice was associated with alterations in intestinal microbiota but maybe also due to uptake of higher amounts of SCFAs. Hence, the key signal pathways corresponding to improved immune-metabolic homeostasis will be an important research scheme in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darab Ghadimi
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Hermann-Weigmann-Str 1, D-24103 Kiel. Germany
| | - Sven Olaf Frahm
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum (MVZ), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dr. Rabenhorst, Prüner Gang 7, 24103 Kiel. Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, Kiel University,University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3/14, D-24105 Kiel. Germany
| | - Michael Ebsen
- StädtischesMVZ Kiel GmbH, Department of Pathology, Chemnitzstr.33, 24116 Kiel. Germany
| | - Andreas Schwiertz
- MVZ Institute of Microecology, Auf den Lüppen 8, 35745 Herborn. Germany
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Schittenhelmstr. 7, D-24105 Kiel. Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bockelmann
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Hermann-Weigmann-Str 1, D-24103 Kiel. Germany
| | - Knut J Heller
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Kiel. Germany
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Burgueño JF, Fritsch J, Gonzalez EE, Landau KS, Santander AM, Fernández I, Hazime H, Davies JM, Santaolalla R, Phillips MC, Diaz S, Dheer R, Brito N, Pignac-Kobinger J, Fernández E, Conner GE, Abreu MT. Epithelial TLR4 Signaling Activates DUOX2 to Induce Microbiota-Driven Tumorigenesis. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:797-808.e6. [PMID: 33127391 PMCID: PMC7879481 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic colonic inflammation leads to dysplasia and cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We have described the critical role of innate immune signaling via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer. In the current study, we interrogate the intersection of TLR4 signaling, epithelial redox activity, and the microbiota in colitis-associated neoplasia. METHODS Inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer data sets were analyzed for expression of TLR4, dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), and NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1). Epithelial production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was analyzed in murine colonic epithelial cells and colonoid cultures. Colorectal cancer models were carried out in villin-TLR4 mice, carrying a constitutively active form of TLR4, their littermates, and villin-TLR4 mice backcrossed to DUOXA-knockout mice. The role of the TLR4-shaped microbiota in tumor development was tested in wild-type germ-free mice. RESULTS Activation of epithelial TLR4 was associated with up-regulation of DUOX2 and NOX1 in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. DUOX2 was exquisitely dependent on TLR4 signaling and mediated the production of epithelial H2O2. Epithelial H2O2 was significantly increased in villin-TLR4 mice; TLR4-dependent tumorigenesis required the presence of DUOX2 and a microbiota. Mucosa-associated microbiota transferred from villin-TLR4 mice to wild-type germ-free mice caused increased H2O2 production and tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Increased TLR4 signaling in colitis drives expression of DUOX2 and epithelial production of H2O2. The local milieu imprints the mucosal microbiota and imbues it with pathogenic properties demonstrated by enhanced epithelial reactive oxygen species and increased development of colitis-associated tumors. The inter-relationship between epithelial reactive oxygen species and tumor-promoting microbiota requires a 2-pronged strategy to reduce the risk of dysplasia in colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Burgueño
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julia Fritsch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eddy E Gonzalez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Kevin S Landau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ana M Santander
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irina Fernández
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hajar Hazime
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julie M Davies
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rebeca Santaolalla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Matthew C Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sophia Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rishu Dheer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nivis Brito
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Judith Pignac-Kobinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ester Fernández
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory E Conner
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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Irizarry-Caro RA, McDaniel MM, Overcast GR, Jain VG, Troutman TD, Pasare C. TLR signaling adapter BCAP regulates inflammatory to reparatory macrophage transition by promoting histone lactylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:30628-30638. [PMID: 33199625 PMCID: PMC7720107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009778117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages respond to microbial ligands and various noxious cues by initiating an inflammatory response aimed at eliminating the original pathogenic insult. Transition of macrophages from a proinflammatory state to a reparative state, however, is vital for resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. The molecular players governing this transition remain poorly defined. Here, we find that the reparative macrophage transition is dictated by B-cell adapter for PI3K (BCAP). Mice harboring a macrophage-specific deletion of BCAP fail to recover from and succumb to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis due to prolonged intestinal inflammation and impaired tissue repair. Following microbial stimulation, gene expression in WT macrophages switches from an early inflammatory signature to a late reparative signature, a process that is hampered in BCAP-deficient macrophages. We find that absence of BCAP hinders inactivation of FOXO1 and GSK3β, which contributes to their enhanced inflammatory state. BCAP deficiency also results in defective aerobic glycolysis and reduced lactate production. This translates into reduced histone lactylation and decreased expression of reparative macrophage genes. Thus, our results reveal BCAP to be a critical cell-intrinsic switch that regulates transition of inflammatory macrophages to reparative macrophages by imprinting epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Irizarry-Caro
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Margaret M McDaniel
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Garrett R Overcast
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Viral G Jain
- Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233
| | - Ty Dale Troutman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229;
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
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Study on the additive protective effect of PGLYRP3 and Bifidobacterium adolescentis Reuter 1963 on severity of DSS-induced colitis in Pglyrp3 knockout (Pglyrp3 -/-) and wild-type (WT) mice. Immunobiology 2020; 226:152028. [PMID: 33242664 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.152028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pglyrp3 is a bactericidal innate immunity protein known to sustain the habitual gut microbiome and protect against experimental colitis. Intestinal inflammation and metaflammation are commonly associated with a marked reduction of commensal bifidobacteria. Whether Pglyrp3 and bifidobacteria interact synergistically or additively to alleviate metaflammation is unknown. We investigated the extent to which Pglyrp3 and bifidobacteria regulate metaflammation and gut bacterial dysbiosis in DSS-induced mouse models of intestinal inflammation. MATERIAL & METHODS 8-10 weeks old male mice were used. In both WT and Pglyrp3 -/- experiments, the mice were randomly divided into three groups of 16 mice per group: (1) a control group receiving sterile tap water, (2) an experimental group receiving sterile tap water supplemented with only 5% DSS, and (3) an experimental group receiving sterile tap water supplemented with 5% DSS and 1 × 109 CFU/ml of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B.a.) for 7 days. Wild-type (WT) littermates of the respective gene (i.e. Pglyrp3) were used as controls throughout the study. Clinical signs of general health and inflammation were monitored daily. Faecal pellet samples were analysed by qRT-PCR for microbial composition. Histology of relevant organs was carried out on day 8. Metabolic parameters and liver inflammation were determined in serum samples. RESULTS Intestinal inflammation in mice of group 2 were significantly increased compared to those of control group 1. There was a significant difference in mean scores for inflammation severity between DSS-treated WT and DSS-treated Pglyrp3 -/- mice. Buildup of key serum metabolic markers (cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose) was set off by colonic inflammation. qRT-PCR quantification showed that DSS significantly decreased the Clostridium coccoides and Bifidobacterium cell counts while increasing those of Bacteroides group in both WT and Pglyrp3 -/- mice. These manifestations of DSS-induced dysbiosis were significantly attenuated by feeding B.a. Both the local and systemic ill-being of the mice alleviated when they received B.a. DISCUSSION This study shows that Pglyrp3 facilitates recognition of bifidobacterial cell wall-derived peptidoglycan, thus leading additively to a reduction of metaflammation through an increase in the number of bifidobacteria, which were able to mitigate intestinal immunopathology in the context of Pglyrp3 blockade.
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Matisz CE, Vicentini FA, Hirota SA, Sharkey KA, Gruber AJ. Behavioral adaptations in a relapsing mouse model of colitis. Physiol Behav 2020; 216:112802. [PMID: 31931038 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by relapsing periods of gut inflammation, and is comorbid with depression, anxiety, and cognitive deficits. Animal models of IBD that explore the behavioral consequences almost exclusively use acute models of gut inflammation, which fails to recapitulate the cyclic, chronic nature of IBD. This study sought to identify behavioral differences in digging, memory, and stress-coping strategies in mice exposed to one (acute) or three (chronic) cycles of gut inflammation, using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of colitis. Similar levels of gut pathology were observed between acute and chronically exposed mice, although mice in the chronic treatment had significantly shorter colons, suggesting more severe disease. Behavioral measures revealed an unexpected pattern in which chronic treatment evoked fewer deficits than acute treatment. Specifically, acutely-treated mice showed alterations in measures of object burying, novel object recognition, object location memory, and stress-coping (forced swim task). Chronically-treated animals, however, showed similar alterations in object burying, but not the other measures. These data suggest an adaptive or tolerizing effect of repeated cycles of peripheral gut inflammation on mnemonic function and stress-coping, whereas some other behaviors continue to be affected by gut inflammation. We speculate that the normalization of some functions may involve the reversion to the baseline state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and/or levels of neuroinflammation, which are both activated by the first exposure to the colitic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea E Matisz
- Canadian Center for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, AB, Canada.
| | - Fernando A Vicentini
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Inflammation Research Network, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aaron J Gruber
- Canadian Center for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, AB, Canada
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