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West LR, Day LB. Abnormal Feather Phenotype Associated with a Fatal Stress Response and Unusual Tolerance to Human Contact in the Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia castanotis). Comp Med 2024; 74:115-120. [PMID: 38508695 PMCID: PMC11078280 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-23-000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The zebra finch (Taeniopygia castanotis) is a songbird sold in the pet trade and commonly used in research. In this report, we describe a set of partially overlapping traits shared by 3 birds in 2 broods from the same nest box that included atypical morphologic, developmental, and behavioral characteristics. The most obvious feature of this novel phenotype was feathers exhibiting a clumped appearance, which was accompanied by slow growth, delayed expression of adult plumage traits, and tameness, which we define as a lack of escape response upon handling without behavioral indicators of stress such as rapid breathing. Surprisingly, these birds also displayed a fatal response to nonhuman stressors. In one brood, a male expressed all of these characteristics, 2 females were wild-type, and a male sibling expressed only a hyperactive stress response but was otherwise normal. This indicates that the stress response could be inherited independently of the other abnormalities found in the male nest mate. In a second brood, a male bearing the abnormal feather phenotype behaved similarly to the male in the first brood, supporting the possibility that tameness is genetically associated with the unusual feather phenotype. The 2 other male and 2 female nest mates from this brood were behaviorally and visually normal, although the females developed slowly. Although similar traits have appeared in the aviary previously, such as slow development and small size, these are the first cases documented in detail. This correlated suite of traits suggests a linkage among altered feather growth, developmental rate, and brain and/or physiologic traits influencing normal fear and stress responses in the zebra finch. Awareness and study of the mechanism(s) linking these traits by examination of underlying genetic or environmental factors will allow a better understanding of the relationship between physical and behavioral traits in domesticated laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R West
- Biology Department, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi;,
| | - Lainy B Day
- Biology Department, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi
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Muttaqin Z, Sartika T, Saputra F. Genetic diversity of Gallus sp. in Southeast Asia based on d-lopp: In silico study. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:817-819. [PMID: 38370908 PMCID: PMC10868693 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to analyze the matrilineal structure of Gallus sp. in Southeast Asia, especially in the D-loop region. Materials and Method A total of 563 sequences from eight countries (Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia, the Philippines, and Thailand) in Southeast Asia are used in this study. Data collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) regarding the genus Gallus sp. in a Southeast Asian country. Data analysis was performed using MEGA 7.2 and DnaSP v6. Results In the haplotype found in Gallus sp. in Southeast Asia, there are 89 haplotypes. Using a neighbor-joining (Nj) analysis, 89 haplotypes found three haplogroups for Gallus sp. in Southeast Asia. In Southeast Asia, the genetic diversity of the d-loop is exceptionally high, with a haplotype diversity value of 0.524 to 1. Conclusion D-loop cannot be used as a specific marker for breeds or country-specifics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zultinur Muttaqin
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Tike Sartika
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Ferdy Saputra
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Indonesia
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Krunt O, Zita L, Kraus A, Moravcsíková Á, Frühauf Kolářová M, Bartoš L. Effects of Genotype and Housing System on Rabbit Does' Aggressive Behaviors and Injuries in Smallholding Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081357. [PMID: 37106920 PMCID: PMC10135181 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of housing (deep litter + concrete floor vs. deep litter + ground soil with the possibility to dig burrows), and genotype (Mecklenburg or Hyplus) on aggressive behaviour, social contacts, does' and kits' injuries, and progeny mortality. Twelve groups of six rabbit does (n = 72) were assigned to four treatments (two housing systems and two genotypes). Aggressive behaviour of does, number of injuries on does and kits, and postnatal kit mortality were recorded. The effects of housing and genotype were tested using multivariate GLMM Models. We found that the housing treatment in interaction with the genotype had a significant effect on aggressive behaviours in group housed does (F3,12 = 14.34, p = 0.0003), where the lowest incidence of aggression was in Mecklenburg does housed on ground soil. Reduced aggression was reflected in a lower number of injuries in does (F3,68 = 10.51, p < 0.0001), number of injuries in kits, and kit mortality (F3,1 = 4.59, p < 0.0001, F3,54 = 43.94, p < 0.0001). The results indicate that the proper combination of genotype and housing should be carefully considered for breeding to reduce aggression and injury in group housed does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Krunt
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Zita
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Kraus
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ágnes Moravcsíková
- Department of Ethology and Companion Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Frühauf Kolářová
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bartoš
- Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Salgado Pardo JI, Navas González FJ, González Ariza A, Arando Arbulu A, León Jurado JM, Delgado Bermejo JV, Camacho Vallejo ME. Traditional sexing methods and external egg characteristics combination allow highly accurate early sex determination in an endangered native turkey breed. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:948502. [PMID: 36046507 PMCID: PMC9420986 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.948502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early sex determination methods are not only crucial in the worldwide massive poultry industry, but also for small-holder producers. The profitability of sexing techniques must be accounted for when aiming to boost management, nutrition, and conservation practices in endangered poultry breeds. This becomes pivotal when the local breed dealt with belongs to an understudied species, such as the turkey. So, the main objective of this study is to identify which method combination may report a higher likelihood of successful sex determination in poults across the three-pattern varieties of the Andalusian turkey breed. A total of 84 one to two days old Andalusian turkey poults (42 black, 28 black-roan, and 14 bronze-roan) were evaluated in this study. Sex determination was performed using 15 methods, which included testing external egg metrics and eggshell color, poult morphological appraisal and phaneroptics, and behavioral traits. Possible differences across plumage varieties and the interaction between sex and plumage were observed when external egg quality was measured. Sex determination through behavioral methods in black base feathered (black and black-roan) male sex individuals showed seven times higher sensitivity when compared to the rest of the studied individuals (χ2 = 7.14, df = 1, P < 0.01). In contrast, for the black-roan plumage females, the method based on the color of down feathers was approximately four times more sensitive (χ2 = 3.95, df = 1, P ≤ 0.05). For the bronze-roan pattern, none of the sexing techniques was reported to efficiently predict sex itself. However, the most proper method combination to determine sex, independent of plumage color, was physical external egg characteristics, the color of down feathers, and behavioral approaches (“English method” and “slap technique”). The specificity values were found to be 49.12, 93.33, and 100%, while the sensitivity values were observed to be 74.64, 91.03, and 100%, which translated into accuracy of 63.10, 92.26, and 100% in black, black-roan, and bronze-roan poults, respectively. Our results suggest that the method combination tested in this study could be considered a highly accurate, simple, and affordable alternative for sex determination in turkeys. This could mean a pivotal advance for small producers of turkeys, as early sex detection can help to plan timely conservational management strategies, which is of prominent importance in the context of endangered poultry breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. I. Salgado Pardo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Navas González
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Agriculture and Ecological Husbandry, Area of Agriculture and Environment, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Córdoba, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco Javier Navas González
| | - Antonio González Ariza
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Antonio González Ariza
| | - A. Arando Arbulu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J. M. León Jurado
- Agropecuary Provincial Centre, Córdoba Provincial Government, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J. V. Delgado Bermejo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M. E. Camacho Vallejo
- Department of Agriculture and Ecological Husbandry, Area of Agriculture and Environment, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Córdoba, Spain
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Beltrão P, Marques CI, Cardoso GC, Gomes ACR. Plumage colour saturation predicts long-term, cross-seasonal social dominance in a mutually ornamented bird. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Associations between plumage colour and fear behaviour in young Nigerian indigenous turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sayed RKA, El Shoukary RD. Recessive white plumage color mutation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) revealed morphological variations in the oropharyngeal roof structures, accompanied by behavioral differences. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:3044-3058. [PMID: 34219308 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Genetic background of experimental animals contributes mainly to the variations in the experimental outcomes. Therefore, quails of two lines of plumage color (brown and recessive white) were studied to investigate the impact of plumage color mutations on the morphological structures of the oropharyngeal roof and also on the ingestive behavior and quail performance. Feeding intake and feed conversion ratio were higher in the brown quails, associated with nonsignificant increase of the live body weight and body weight gain. In the recessive white quails, ingestive behaviors revealed significant declines. The roof of the oropharynx roof was significantly longer in the recessive white quails; however, the upper beak was significantly longer and narrower in the brown ones. The length of the palate and pharynx showed nonsignificant increase in the recessive white quails. The median palatine ridge was formed of rostral continuous and caudal interrupted parts, and the lengths of these parts were slightly higher in the recessive white quails, meanwhile the lateral palatine ridge length showed a slight increase in the brown birds. Openings of intraepithelial glands were more numerous in the recessive white quails. The brown quails demonstrated more detectable and larger caudally directed conical shaped palatine and pharyngeal papillae, in addition to more considerable palatine salivary glands openings. The infundibular cleft was significantly wider in the recessive white quails, where its edges were characterized by lack of the pharyngeal papillae. The findings of this study will be beneficial for the breeders during selection the suitable quail lines for meat production purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy K A Sayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ramadan D El Shoukary
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
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