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Gao Y, Xiao SK, Wu Q, Pan CG. Bisphenol analogues in water and sediment from the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea: Occurrence, partitioning and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159445. [PMID: 36252668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues (BPs) have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their ubiquitousness in the environment, potential endocrine disrupting properties and ecological impacts. However, very little information is available on the occurrence, partitioning and ecological risks of BPs in marine environments. In the present study, six BPs were investigated in surface water and sediment samples from the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. Results showed that bisphenol A (BPA) was the predominant BP in both water and sediment samples with levels ranging from 5.26 to 12.04 ng/L in water and 0.56 to 5.22 ng/g dw in sediment samples, followed by bisphenol AF (BPAF: 0.44-0.60 ng/L in water and 0.08-0.66 ng/g dw in sediment samples, respectively) and bisphenol S (BPS: 0.07-0.63 ng/L in water and not detected (ND) to 0.19 ng/g dw in sediment samples, respectively). There is no significant spatial difference of BPs levels between riverine sediment samples and coastal sediment samples. Compared with other studies, the concentrations of BPs from the Beibu Gulf were relatively low. The mean log-transformed sediment-seawater partitioning coefficients (log Koc) ranged from 4.4 (DHBP) to 5.2 (BPAF) and the log Koc values for all the target BPs were generally higher than those reported in freshwater environments. The present study firstly reported the field-based log Koc values for BPB (mean: 4.5) and DHBP (mean: 4.4). The estimated risk quotient (RQ) and 17β-estradiol (E2) equivalent quotient (EEQ) values indicated that the ecological and human health impacts were negligible associated with target BPs. The present study provided reliable and detailed data for completely evaluating contamination level and environmental behaviors of BPs in the Beibu Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Shao-Ke Xiao
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Qi Wu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Chang-Gui Pan
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
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Liao N, Li C, Cao L, Chen Y, Ren C, Chen X, Mok H, Wen L, Li K, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Lv J, Cao F, Luo Y, Li H, Wu W, Balch CM, Giuliano AE. Single-cell profile of tumor and immune cells in primary breast cancer, sentinel lymph node, and metastatic lymph node. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:77-87. [PMID: 36129636 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the host-tumor interaction in the lymph-node basin at a single cell level. This study examines single cell sequences in breast cancer nodal metastases of a patient with triple-negative breast cancer. METHODS The primary breast tumor, sentinel lymph node, an adjacent lymph node with metastatic involvement and a clinically normal-appearing lymph node were collected during surgery. Single-cell sequencing was performed on all four specimens. RESULTS 14,016 cells were clustered into 6 cell subpopulations. Cancer cells demonstrated the molecular characteristics of TNBC basal B subtype and highly expressed genes in the MAPK signaling cascade. Tumor-associated macrophages regulated antigen processing and presentation and other immune-related pathways to promote tumor invasion. CD8 + and CD4 + T lymphocytes concentrated more in sentinel lymph node and mainly stratified into two transcriptional states. The immune-cell amount variation among primary tumor, sentinel and normal lymph nodes showed a similar tendency between the sc-RNA-seq profile of TNBC samples and a previous reported bulk RNA-seq profile of a breast cancer cohort, including all four breast cancer subtype samples. DISCUSSION Single-cell sequencing analysis suggested that the sentinel lymph node was the initial meeting site of tumor infiltration and immune response, where partial T lymphocytes perform anti-tumor activity, while other T cells exhibit an exhausted state. We proposed a molecular explanation to the well-established clinical principle that the 5-year and 10-year survival outcomes were noninferior between SLND and ALND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Cheukfai Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li Cao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Berry Oncology Corporation, No.2 Road Donghu, Fuzhou, 350200, China
| | - Chongyang Ren
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Foshan Maternity and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Hsiaopei Mok
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lingzhu Wen
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Kai Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yingzi Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiaoyi Lv
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fangrong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongrui Li
- Berry Oncology Corporation, No.2 Road Donghu, Fuzhou, 350200, China
| | - Wendy Wu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, No.2 Road Donghu, Fuzhou, 350200, China.
| | - Charles M Balch
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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FGFR1 Overexpression Induces Cancer Cell Stemness and Enhanced Akt/Erk-ER Signaling to Promote Palbociclib Resistance in Luminal A Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113008. [PMID: 34831231 PMCID: PMC8616148 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDKis) is emerging as a clinical challenge. Identification of the factors contributing to CDKi resistance, with mechanistic insight, is of pivotal significance. Recent studies linked aberrant FGFR signaling to CDKi resistance. However, detailed mechanisms are less clear. Based on control and FGFR1 overexpressing luminal A cell line models, we demonstrated that FGFR1 overexpression rendered the cells resistant to palbociclib. FGFR1 overexpression abolished palbociclib-mediated cell cycle arrest, as well as the attenuated palbociclib-induced inhibition of G1/S transition regulators (pRb, E2F1, and cyclin D3) and factors that promote G2/M transition (cyclin B1, cdc2/CDK1, and cdc25). Importantly, FGFR1-induced palbociclib resistance was associated with promotion of cancer cell stemness and the upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. We found that palbociclib may function as an ER agonist in MCF-7/FGFR1 cells. Upregulation of the ER-mediated transcription in MCF-7/FGFR1 cells was associated with ERα phosphorylation and enhanced receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. The combination of palbociclib with FGFR-targeting AZD4547 resulted in remarkable synergistic effects on MCF-7/FGFR1 cells, especially for the inhibition of cancer cell stemness. Our findings of FGFR1-induced palbociclib resistance, promotion of cancer stem cells and associated molecular changes advance our mechanistic understanding of CDKi resistance, which will facilitate the development of strategies targeting CDKi resistance in breast cancer treatment.
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Buoso E, Masi M, Racchi M, Corsini E. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals' (EDCs) Effects on Tumour Microenvironment and Cancer Progression: Emerging Contribution of RACK1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239229. [PMID: 33287384 PMCID: PMC7729595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDCs) can display estrogenic and androgenic effects, and their exposure has been linked to increased cancer risk. EDCs have been shown to directly affect cancer cell regulation and progression, but their influence on tumour microenvironment is still not completely elucidated. In this context, the signalling hub protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) could represent a nexus between cancer and the immune system due to its roles in cancer progression and innate immune activation. Since RACK1 is a relevant EDCs target that responds to steroid-active compounds, it could be considered a molecular bridge between the endocrine-regulated tumour microenvironment and the innate immune system. We provide an analysis of immunomodulatory and cancer-promoting effects of different EDCs in shaping tumour microenvironment, with a final focus on the scaffold protein RACK1 as a pivotal molecular player due to its dual role in immune and cancer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Buoso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
- Classe di Scienze Umane e della Vita (SUV), Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche ed Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
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Segovia-Mendoza M, Gómez de León CT, García-Becerra R, Ambrosio J, Nava-Castro KE, Morales-Montor J. The chemical environmental pollutants BPA and BPS induce alterations of the proteomic profile of different phenotypes of human breast cancer cells: A proposed interactome. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:109960. [PMID: 33181973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the second leading cause of death in women. Despite efforts for its early detection, its worldwide incidence continues to increase. Thus, identification of risk factors for its development and new targets for its therapy are of vital importance. Environmental pollutants derived from human activity have been associated with predisposition to the development of cancer. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor compound (EDC) widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonates, and it has affinity for the estrogen receptor (ER). Scientific evidence has proposed an association between increased incidence of breast cancer and BPA exposure at lower doses. Among worldwide concerns with BPA exposure, different industries proceeded to replace BPA with analogs such as bisphenol S (BPS), which is now employed in products labelled as BPA-free. Nevertheless, recent studies exhibit that its exposure results in altered mammary gland development and morphogenesis; and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation. Of note, most of the effects of both BPA and BPS have been performed in estrogen-dependent breast cancer models. However, gaps in knowledge still exist on the roles and mechanisms that both compounds, specifically BPS, may play in cancer initiation and development in hormone-dependent and other types of breast cancer. Thus, the aim of the present study was to deepen the understanding of biological targets modulated by these ubiquitous pollutants in different breast cancer cell lines, representing two scenarios of this pathology: hormone-dependent and hormone-independent breast cancer. Results point out that both compounds induced proliferation in ER positive cells, not showing this effect in the ER-negative breast cancer cells. Different targets modified at the proteomic level in both breast cancer scenarios were also identified. Stem cell markers (eg. CD44) and invasion proteins (eg. MMP-14) were importantly increased by BPA and BPS in ER-positive breast cancer cells. In contrast, growth factors and associated receptors such as EGFR and TGF-β were induced by BPS in the ER-negative breast cancer cells; both pollutants induced an increase of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein secretion. This finding suggests that the use of BPS must be considered with more caution than BPA, since it can act independently of the presence of the hormonal receptor. These findings show new evidence that BPA and BPS exposure can contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Our results suggest that both BPA and BPS must be considered equally as outstanding risk factors for this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510. Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carmen T Gómez de León
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rocìo García-Becerra
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Javier Ambrosio
- Departmento de Microbiología and Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Karen E Nava-Castro
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510. Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Stillwater BJ, Bull AC, Romagnolo DF, Neumayer LA, Donovan MG, Selmin OI. Bisphenols and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Impact of Diet and Bioactive Food Components. Front Nutr 2020; 7:581388. [PMID: 33330580 PMCID: PMC7710764 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.581388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from preclinical studies suggest a link between increased risk of breast cancer and exposure to bisphenols at doses below what the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers as safe for consumption. Bisphenols exert estrogenic effects and are found in canned and plastic wrapped foods, food packaging, and plasticware. Mechanistically, bisphenols bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and activate the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation and breast cancer. In this paper, we present a narrative literature review addressing bisphenol A and chemical analogs including bisphenol AF, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S selected as prototype xenoestrogens; then, we discuss biological mechanisms of action of these bisphenols in breast cells and potential impact of exposure at different stages of development (i.e., perinatal, peripubertal, and adult). Finally, we summarize studies detailing interactions, both preventative and promoting, of bisphenols with food components on breast cancer risk. We conclude the review with a discussion of current controversies in interpretation of the above research and future areas for investigation, including the impact of bisphenols and food components on breast tumor risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Stillwater
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ashleigh C Bull
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Donato F Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Leigh A Neumayer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Micah G Donovan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ornella I Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
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4-Hexylresorcinol Exhibits Different Characteristics to Estrogen. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10051737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) has been used as a food additive and antiseptic. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the application of 4HR in breast cancer cells and ovariectomized rats showed estrogen-like effects. MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells were treated by solvent, 1–100 µM bisphenol-A (BPA), or 1–100 µM 4HR, respectively. 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazole-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Western blot for extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/-2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), estrogen receptor-α (ERα), and ERβ were done. As an in vivo study, ovariectomized rats (n = 15) received solvent, 125 mg/kg of 4HR, or 10 µg of 17-β estradiol via daily subcutaneous injection for 7 days. Blood samples were obtained for evaluation of prolactin levels. Pituitary glands and uteruses were biopsied for histological evaluation and Western blot analysis. Compared with the control group, the application of 4HR decreased the proliferation of MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells, while the application of BPA increased (p < 0.05). The application of BPA increased the expression of ERα, ERβ, and p-ERK1/2, but 4HR did not change the expression of ERα, ERβ, or p-ERK1/2 in MCF-7 cells. In an animal model, the 4HR group showed similar levels of ERα, ERβ, and prolactin expression in the pituitary gland compared to the solvent only group, while the estradiol group showed higher levels. Serum prolactin levels were similar between the 4HR and solvent only groups. Taken together, 1–100 µM 4HR did not show BPA-like behavior in MCF-7 cells, and 125 mg/kg of 4HR daily subcutaneous injection for 7 days did not demonstrate estradiol-like effects in ovariectomized rats. Collectively, 4HR has no estrogen-like effects on both ERα-positive cells and estrogen-deficient rat models.
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