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Manhas P, Cokca C, Sharma R, Peneva K, Wangoo N, Sharma D, Sharma RK. Chitosan functionalized doxorubicin loaded poly(methacrylamide) based copolymeric nanoparticles for enhanced cellular internalization and in vitro anticancer evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129242. [PMID: 38199540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox), a chemotherapeutic agent, encounters challenges such as a short half-life, dose-dependent toxicity, and low solubility. In this context, the present study involved the fabrication of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) and N-(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide (APMA) bearing P(HPMA-s-APMA) copolymeric nanoparticles (P(HPMA-s-APMA) NPs) and their investigation for efficient delivery of Dox. Furthermore, the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) were coated with chitosan (Cht) to generate positively charged nanoformulations. The prepared formulations were evaluated for particle size, morphology, surface charge analysis, percentage encapsulation efficiency (EE%), and drug release studies. The anticancer activity of Cht-P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs was assessed in the HeLa cancer cell line. The prepared P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs exhibited an average particle size of 240-250 nm. Chitosan decorated P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs displayed a significant increase in particle size, and the zeta potential shifted from negative to positive. The EE% for Cht-P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs was calculated to be 68.06 %. The drug release studies revealed a rapid release of drug from Cht-P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs at pH 4.8 than pH 7.4, demonstrating the pH-responsiveness of nanoformulation. Furthermore, the cell viability assay and internalization studies revealed that Cht-P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs had a high cytotoxic response and significant cellular uptake. Hence, the Cht-P(HPMA-s-APMA)-Dox NPs appeared to be a suitable nanocarrier for effective, and safe chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Manhas
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ceren Cokca
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center of Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Centre for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Kalina Peneva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center of Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nishima Wangoo
- Department of Applied Sciences, University Institute of Engineering & Technology (U.I.E.T.), Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rohit K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Liu WW, Li PC. Photoacoustic imaging of cells in a three-dimensional microenvironment. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:3. [PMID: 31948442 PMCID: PMC6966874 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0594-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging live cells in a three-dimensional (3D) culture system yields more accurate information and spatial visualization of the interplay of cells and the surrounding matrix components compared to using a two-dimensional (2D) cell culture system. However, the thickness of 3D cultures results in a high degree of scattering that makes it difficult for the light to penetrate deeply to allow clear optical imaging. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a powerful imaging modality that relies on a PA effect generated when light is absorbed by exogenous contrast agents or endogenous molecules in a medium. It combines a high optical contrast with a high acoustic spatiotemporal resolution, allowing the noninvasive visualization of 3D cellular scaffolds at considerable depths with a high resolution and no image distortion. Moreover, advances in targeted contrast agents have also made PA imaging capable of molecular and cellular characterization for use in preclinical personalized diagnostics or PA imaging-guided therapeutics. Here we review the applications and challenges of PA imaging in a 3D cellular microenvironment. Potential future developments of PA imaging in preclinical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Chi Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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