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Anderson HG, Takacs GP, Harris DC, Kuang Y, Harrison JK, Stepien TL. Global stability and parameter analysis reinforce therapeutic targets of PD-L1-PD-1 and MDSCs for glioblastoma. J Math Biol 2023; 88:10. [PMID: 38099947 PMCID: PMC10724342 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-023-02027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain cancer that currently has minimally effective treatments. Like other cancers, immunosuppression by the PD-L1-PD-1 immune checkpoint complex is a prominent axis by which glioma cells evade the immune system. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are recruited to the glioma microenviroment, also contribute to the immunosuppressed GBM microenvironment by suppressing T cell functions. In this paper, we propose a GBM-specific tumor-immune ordinary differential equations model of glioma cells, T cells, and MDSCs to provide theoretical insights into the interactions between these cells. Equilibrium and stability analysis indicates that there are unique tumorous and tumor-free equilibria which are locally stable under certain conditions. Further, the tumor-free equilibrium is globally stable when T cell activation and the tumor kill rate by T cells overcome tumor growth, T cell inhibition by PD-L1-PD-1 and MDSCs, and the T cell death rate. Bifurcation analysis suggests that a treatment plan that includes surgical resection and therapeutics targeting immune suppression caused by the PD-L1-PD1 complex and MDSCs results in the system tending to the tumor-free equilibrium. Using a set of preclinical experimental data, we implement the approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) rejection method to construct probability density distributions that estimate model parameters. These distributions inform an appropriate search curve for global sensitivity analysis using the extended fourier amplitude sensitivity test. Sensitivity results combined with the ABC method suggest that parameter interaction is occurring between the drivers of tumor burden, which are the tumor growth rate and carrying capacity as well as the tumor kill rate by T cells, and the two modeled forms of immunosuppression, PD-L1-PD-1 immune checkpoint and MDSC suppression of T cells. Thus, treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor in combination with a therapeutic targeting the inhibitory mechanisms of MDSCs should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Anderson
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gregory P Takacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Duane C Harris
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yang Kuang
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey K Harrison
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tracy L Stepien
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Montenegro-Rojas I, Yañez G, Skog E, Guerrero-Calvo O, Andaur-Lobos M, Dolfi L, Cellerino A, Cerda M, Concha ML, Bertocchi C, Rojas NO, Ravasio A, Rudge TJ. A computational framework for testing hypotheses of the minimal mechanical requirements for cell aggregation using early annual killifish embryogenesis as a model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:959611. [PMID: 37020464 PMCID: PMC10067630 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.959611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Deciphering the biological and physical requirements for the outset of multicellularity is limited to few experimental models. The early embryonic development of annual killifish represents an almost unique opportunity to investigate de novo cellular aggregation in a vertebrate model. As an adaptation to seasonal drought, annual killifish employs a unique developmental pattern in which embryogenesis occurs only after undifferentiated embryonic cells have completed epiboly and dispersed in low density on the egg surface. Therefore, the first stage of embryogenesis requires the congregation of embryonic cells at one pole of the egg to form a single aggregate that later gives rise to the embryo proper. This unique process presents an opportunity to dissect the self-organizing principles involved in early organization of embryonic stem cells. Indeed, the physical and biological processes required to form the aggregate of embryonic cells are currently unknown. Methods: Here, we developed an in silico, agent-based biophysical model that allows testing how cell-specific and environmental properties could determine the aggregation dynamics of early Killifish embryogenesis. In a forward engineering approach, we then proceeded to test two hypotheses for cell aggregation (cell-autonomous and a simple taxis model) as a proof of concept of modeling feasibility. In a first approach (cell autonomous system), we considered how intrinsic biophysical properties of the cells such as motility, polarity, density, and the interplay between cell adhesion and contact inhibition of locomotion drive cell aggregation into self-organized clusters. Second, we included guidance of cell migration through a simple taxis mechanism to resemble the activity of an organizing center found in several developmental models. Results: Our numerical simulations showed that random migration combined with low cell-cell adhesion is sufficient to maintain cells in dispersion and that aggregation can indeed arise spontaneously under a limited set of conditions, but, without environmental guidance, the dynamics and resulting structures do not recapitulate in vivo observations. Discussion: Thus, an environmental guidance cue seems to be required for correct execution of early aggregation in early killifish development. However, the nature of this cue (e.g., chemical or mechanical) can only be determined experimentally. Our model provides a predictive tool that could be used to better characterize the process and, importantly, to design informed experimental strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Montenegro-Rojas
- Laboratory for Mechanobiology of Transforming Systems, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Yañez
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex Biosystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Skog
- Laboratory for Mechanobiology of Transforming Systems, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Guerrero-Calvo
- Laboratory for Mechanobiology of Transforming Systems, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin Andaur-Lobos
- Laboratory for Mechanobiology of Transforming Systems, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luca Dolfi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandro Cellerino
- BIO@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mauricio Cerda
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel L. Concha
- Integrative Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Bertocchi
- Laboratory for Molecular Mechanics of Cell Adhesion, Department of Physiology Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nicolás O. Rojas
- Laboratory for Mechanobiology of Transforming Systems, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Ravasio
- Laboratory for Mechanobiology of Transforming Systems, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Timothy J. Rudge, ; Andrea Ravasio,
| | - Timothy J. Rudge
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex Biosystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Timothy J. Rudge, ; Andrea Ravasio,
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Varankar SS, Hari K, Kartika S, Bapat SA, Jolly MK. Cell geometry distinguishes migration‐associated heterogeneity in two‐dimensional systems. COMPUTATIONAL AND SYSTEMS ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cso2.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar S Varankar
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
- National Centre for Cell Science Savitribai Phule Pune University Ganeshkhind Pune India
| | - Kishore Hari
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Sharon Kartika
- Department of Biological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Sharmila A Bapat
- National Centre for Cell Science Savitribai Phule Pune University Ganeshkhind Pune India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
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Kulkarni S, Marquez J, Date P, Ventrella R, Mitchell BJ, Khokha MK. Mechanical stretch scales centriole number to apical area via Piezo1 in multiciliated cells. eLife 2021; 10:66076. [PMID: 34184636 PMCID: PMC8270640 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
How cells count and regulate organelle number is a fundamental question in cell biology. For example, most cells restrict centrioles to two in number and assemble one cilium; however, multiciliated cells (MCCs) synthesize hundreds of centrioles to assemble multiple cilia. Aberration in centriole/cilia number impairs MCC function and can lead to pathological outcomes. Yet how MCCs control centriole number remains unknown. Using Xenopus, we demonstrate that centriole number scales with apical area over a remarkable 40-fold change in size. We find that tensile forces that shape the apical area also trigger centriole amplification based on both cell stretching experiments and disruption of embryonic elongation. Unexpectedly, Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, localizes near each centriole suggesting a potential role in centriole amplification. Indeed, depletion of Piezo1 affects centriole amplification and disrupts its correlation with the apical area in a tension-dependent manner. Thus, mechanical forces calibrate cilia/centriole number to the MCC apical area via Piezo1. Our results provide new perspectives to study organelle number control essential for optimal cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kulkarni
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Jonathan Marquez
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Priya Date
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Rosa Ventrella
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Brian J Mitchell
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Mustafa K Khokha
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
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