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Soudi H, Falsafi T, Mahboubi M, Gharavi S. Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori OipA protein as a vaccine candidate and propolis as an adjuvant in C57BL/6 mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1220-1230. [PMID: 35083009 PMCID: PMC8751746 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.56232.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) is an essential adhesin of Helicobacter pylori. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a recombinant OipA in the induction of crucial cytokines as a vaccine candidate and propolis as an adjuvant in C57BL/6 mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were divided into nine groups according to the disposition of antigen and adjuvant and route of administration: subcutaneous (sc) or gavage. The administrated recombinant purified OipA and propolis concentrations were 10 μg/ml and 40 μg/ml, respectively. After vaccination, we measured expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokine genes in the spleen cells of mice by real-time PCR. RESULTS All results were contrasted with the negative sample. By sc injection, the expression of INF-γ was increased 3.5 and 2.9-fold for OipA and OipA plus propolis, respectively. By gavage 4.4 and 11-fold increase was found for OipA and OipA plus propolis, respectively. The administration of propolis by gavage showed more increase than Sc injection concerning the production of INF-γ. The 11-fold increase for injection of OipA plus propolis by gavage was comparable OipA plus Freund's adjuvant injected subcutaneously. This result suggested an excellent immunological response toward OipA concerning the production of INF-γ in mice. In all cases there were no notable IL-4 production increases. CONCLUSION The results confirm the efficiency of OipA in induction of IFN-γ production, and thereby the cellular immune response. Propolis could be a suitable adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Soudi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Falsafi
- Microbiology department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Mahboubi
- Medicinal Plants Research Department, Research and Development, TabibDaru Pharmaceutical Company, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sara Gharavi
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Gut Microbiota and Development of Vibrio cholerae-Specific Long-Term Memory B Cells in Adults after Whole-Cell Killed Oral Cholera Vaccine. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0021721. [PMID: 34228490 PMCID: PMC8370679 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00217-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae that continues to be a major public health concern in populations without access to safe water. IgG- and IgA-secreting memory B cells (MBC) targeting the V. cholerae O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) correlate with protection from infection in persons exposed to V. cholerae and may be a major determinant of long-term protection against cholera. Shanchol, a widely used oral cholera vaccine (OCV), stimulates OSP MBC responses in only some people after vaccination, and the gut microbiota is a possible determinant of variable immune responses observed after OCV. Using 16S rRNA sequencing of feces from the time of vaccination, we compared the gut microbiota among adults with and without MBC responses to OCV. Gut microbial diversity measures were not associated with MBC isotype or OSP-specific responses, but individuals with a higher abundance of Clostridiales and lower abundance of Enterobacterales were more likely to develop an MBC response. We applied protein-normalized fecal supernatants of high and low MBC responders to THP-1-derived human macrophages to investigate the effect of microbial factors at the time of vaccination. Feces from individuals with higher MBC responses induced significantly different IL-1β and IL-6 levels than individuals with lower responses, indicating that the gut microbiota at the time of vaccination may "prime" the mucosal immune response to vaccine antigens. Our results suggest the gut microbiota could impact immune responses to OCVs, and further study of microbial metabolites as potential vaccine adjuvants is warranted.
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Mwaba J, Chisenga CC, Xiao S, Ng'ombe H, Banda E, Shea P, Mabula-Bwalya C, Mwila-Kazimbaya K, Laban NM, Alabi P, Chirwa-Chobe M, Simuyandi M, Harris J, Iyer AS, Bosomprah S, Scalzo P, Murt KN, Ram M, Kwenda G, Ali M, Sack DA, Chilengi R, Debes AK. Serum vibriocidal responses when second doses of oral cholera vaccine are delayed 6 months in Zambia. Vaccine 2021; 39:4516-4523. [PMID: 34217572 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two-dose killed oral cholera vaccines (OCV) are currently being used widely to control cholera. The standard dose-interval for OCV is 2 weeks; however, during emergency use of the vaccine, it may be more appropriate to use the available doses to quickly give a single dose to more people and give a delayed second dose when more vaccine becomes available. This study is an open label, randomized, phase 2 clinical trial of the vibriocidal response induced by OCV, comparing the responses when the second dose was given either 2 weeks (standard dose interval) or 6 months (extended dose interval) after the first dose. Vaccine was administered to healthy participants > 1 year of age living in the Lukanga Swamps area of Zambia. Three age cohorts (<5 years, 5-14 years, and ≥ 15 years) were randomized to the either dose-interval. The primary outcome was the vibriocidal GMT 14 days after the second dose. 156 of 172 subjects enrolled in the study were included in this analysis. The Inaba vibriocidal titers were not significantly different 14 days post dose two for a standard dose-interval GMT: 45.6 (32-64.9), as compared to the GMT 47.6 (32.6-69.3), for the extended dose-interval, (p = 0.87). However, the Ogawa vibriocidal GMTs were significantly higher 14 days post dose two for the extended-dose interval at 87.6 (58.9-130.4) compared to the standard dose-interval group at 49.7 (34.1-72.3), p = 0.04. Vibriocidal seroconversion rates (a > 4-fold rise in vibriocidal titer) were not significantly different between dose-interval groups. This study demonstrated that vibriocidal titers 14 days after a second dose when given at an extended\ dose interval were similar to the standard dose-interval. The findings suggest that a flexible dosing schedule may be considered when epidemiologically appropriate. The trial was registered at Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03373669).
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mwaba
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Shaoming Xiao
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harriet Ng'ombe
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Elena Banda
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Patrick Shea
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Katayi Mwila-Kazimbaya
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Natasha Makabilo Laban
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Alabi
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Masuzyo Chirwa-Chobe
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Michelo Simuyandi
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Jason Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anita S Iyer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel Bosomprah
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Paul Scalzo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelsey N Murt
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Malathi Ram
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geoffrey Kwenda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A Sack
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roma Chilengi
- Research Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Amanda K Debes
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Akter Z, Haque A, Hossain MS, Ahmed F, Islam MA. Aggregation Prone Regions in Antibody Sequences Raised Against Vibrio cholerae: A Bioinformatic Approach. Curr Bioinform 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893615666200106120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cholera, a diarrheal illness, causes millions of deaths worldwide due to
large outbreaks. The monoclonal antibody used as therapeutic purposes of cholera is prone to be
unstable due to various factors including self-aggregation.
Objectives:
In this bioinformatic analysis, we identified the aggregation prone regions (APRs) of
antibody sequences of different immunogens (i.e., CTB, ZnM-CTB, ZnP-CTB, TcpA-CT-CTB,
ZnM-TcpA-CT-CTB, ZnP-TcpA-CT-CTB, ZnM-TcpA, ZnP-TcpA, TcpA-CT-TcpA, ZnM-TcpACT-
TcpA, ZnP-TcpA-CT-TcpA, Ogawa, Inaba and ZnM-Inaba) raised against Vibrio cholerae.
Methods:
To determine APRs in antibody sequences that were generated after immunizing Vibrio
cholerae immunogens on Mus musculus, a total of 94 sequences were downloaded as FASTA
format from a protein database and the algorithms such as Tango, Waltz, PASTA 2.0, and
AGGRESCAN were followed to analyze probable APRs in all of the sequences.
Results:
A remarkably high number of regions in the monoclonal antibodies were identified to be
APRs which could explain a cause of instability/short term protection of the anticholera vaccine.
Conclusion:
To increase the stability, it would be interesting to eliminate the APR residues from
the therapeutic antibodies in such a way that the antigen-binding sites or the complementarity
determining region loops involved in antigen recognition are not disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Anamul Haque
- Biomedical Data Science and Informatics Program, School of Computing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Md. Sabir Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Firoz Ahmed
- Molecular and Serodiagnostic Laboratory, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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