1
|
Skarzynski PH, Czajka N, Zdanowicz R, Kolodziejak A, Bukato E, Talarek M, Pankowska Z, Skarzynski H. Normative values for tests of central auditory processing disorder in children aged from 6 to 12 years old. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2024; 109:106426. [PMID: 38692192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) can significantly affect the daily functioning of a child, and the first step in determining whether rehabilitation procedures are required is a proper diagnosis. Different guidelines for making diagnoses have been published in the literature, and in various centers normative values for psychoacoustic tests of CAPD have been used internally. The material presented in this paper is based on more than 1000 children and is the largest collection so far published. The aim of this study is to present normative values for tests assessing CAPD in children aged 6 to 12 years, divided by age at last birthday. METHOD We tested 1037 children aged 6 to 12 years who were attending primary schools and kindergartens. The criteria for inclusion were a normal audiogram, intellectually normal, no developmental problems, and no difficulties in auditory processing. To evaluate auditory processing all children were given three tests on the Senses Examination Platform: the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT), and Dichotic Digit Test (DDT). RESULTS The results from 1,037 children allowed us to determine normative values for FPT, DPT, and DDT in seven different age groups (6 through to 12 years). We developed a newapproach, based on quantile-based norms, to determine normative values in each group. Three categories - average, below-average, and above-average - allow for a broader but more realistic interpretation than those used previously. We compare our results with published standards. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the largest normative database published to date for CAPD testing, setting a standard for each child by age in years. We used the Senses Examination Platform, a universal tool, to unify standards for the classification of CAPD. Our study can serve as a basis for the development of a Polish model for the diagnosis of CAPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr H Skarzynski
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland; Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Sensory Organs, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Czajka
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rita Zdanowicz
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kolodziejak
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Bukato
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Talarek
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Pankowska
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Henryk Skarzynski
- Otorhinolaryngosurgery Clinic, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Szkiełkowska A, Krasnodębska P, Miaśkiewicz B. Assessment of auditory processing in childhood dysphonia. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 155:111060. [PMID: 35202899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical experience shows that children with functional dysphonia often present disorders that are associated with abnormal auditory and emotional development. These children also struggle with voice therapy, perhaps because of difficulties with auditory control during speech. It has been hypothesized that difficulties in auditory processing in children may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of childhood dysphonia. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to assess selected auditory functions in children with hyperfunctional dysphonia. MATERIALS AND METHOD The study group consisted of 331 children aged from 7 to 12 years suffering from hyperfunctional dysphonia. The control group consisted of 213 children aged 7-12 years. All patients underwent ENT and phoniatric examination. All children underwent two standardized psychoacoustic tests: the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT) and the Duration Pattern Test (DPT). RESULTS In the examined material, 223 children had edematous vocal fold nodules. The largest statistically significant differences were seen in the acoustic parameters describing relative frequency changes. FPT and DPT showed statistically significant differences in children with hyperfunctional dysphonia compared to the control group. At all ages the percentage of correctly identified tone sequences was significantly lower in children with dysphonia. CONCLUSION Children with hyperfunctional dysphonia have difficulties in judging the pitch and duration of auditory stimuli. Difficulties in auditory processing appear to be important in the pathomechanism of functional voice disorders. Impaired hearing processes in children with hyperfunctional dysphonia can make it difficult to obtain positive and lasting effects from voice therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szkiełkowska
- Audiology and Phoniatrics Clinic, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paulina Krasnodębska
- Audiology and Phoniatrics Clinic, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Beata Miaśkiewicz
- Audiology and Phoniatrics Clinic, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kobosko J, Fludra M, Śliwa L, Ganc M, Jedrzejczak WW, Skoczylas A, Skarzynski H. Self-perceived stress and the personality of mothers of children with central auditory processing disorders - Differences from mothers of typically developing children. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 63:e58-e63. [PMID: 34716059 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between self-perceived global stress and the personality traits of mothers of children with central auditory processing disorders (APD), and make a comparison with mothers of typically developing (TD) children. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study using two questionnaires - the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Short Big Five Markers (IPIP-BFM-20) - to assess five personality dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and intellect/imagination. The study material included 187 mothers, of whom 108 were mothers of children with APD. The average age of the children with APD was 10 years. RESULTS The average level of global stress was similar in mothers of children with APD and mothers of TD children. Mothers of APD children had significantly lower scores for personality dimensions such as: emotional stability, conscientiousness, and intellect/imagination. Increased perceived stress level in mothers of children with APD was inversely correlated with extraversion, conscientiousness, and emotional stability. However, for both groups of mothers, the only significant predictor of global stress level was emotional stability. CONCLUSION Mothers of children with APD, despite having similar global stress levels to other mothers, were different in terms of three personality dimensions, and these, especially lowered emotional stability, may play a negative role in coping with global self-perceived stress. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The results of this study might be helpful in parental support interventions, including psychological therapy and counselling, and also in parental implementation interventions aimed at mothers of children with APD, especially those mothers who have high global stress and/or low emotional stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kobosko
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Fludra
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Lech Śliwa
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Ganc
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - W Wiktor Jedrzejczak
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Skoczylas
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Henryk Skarzynski
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. M. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland; World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Skarżyński PH, Świerniak W, Gos E, Gocel M, Skarżyński H. Organizational Aspects and Outcomes of a Hearing Screening Program Among First-Grade Children in the Mazovian Region of Poland. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2021; 52:856-867. [PMID: 34098724 DOI: 10.1044/2021_lshss-20-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe and assess a hearing screening program of first-grade children in Poland. The program aimed to detect hearing disorders and increase awareness among parents of hearing problems. Method A hearing screening program was conducted in all elementary schools of the biggest region in Poland. A total of 34,618 first-graders were screened. The hearing screening protocol included video otoscopy and pure-tone audiometry. The program also included an information campaign directed to the local community and educational meetings between parents and medical staff. Results The estimated prevalence of hearing loss was 11%. Unilateral hearing loss was more common than bilateral hearing loss. Mild hearing loss was more frequent than moderate (or worse) hearing loss. In otoscopy, the most common positive result was otitis media with effusion. Parents and medical staff took part in 1,608 educational meetings, broadening the parents' knowledge of how to care for hearing. Conclusions A hearing screening program not only provides data on the prevalence of childhood hearing problems but is also an avenue for providing the local community with valuable knowledge about how to care for hearing. This study demonstrated the importance for systematic monitoring of children's hearing status and of increasing awareness among parents and teachers of the significance of hearing loss. The hearing screening of children starting school should become a standard part of school health care programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Henryk Skarżyński
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland.,Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Sensory Organs, Nadarzyn, Kajetany, Poland
| | - Weronika Świerniak
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gos
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Gocel
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Henryk Skarżyński
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngosurgery, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Development of central auditory processes in Polish children and adolescents at the age from 7 to 16 years. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThere are discrepancies in the literature regarding the course of central auditory processes (CAP) maturation in typically developing children and adolescents. The purpose of the study was to provide an overview of age – related improvement in CAP in Polish primary and secondary school students aged 7–16 years. 180 children/adolescents, subdivided into 9 age categories, and 20 adults (aged 18–24 years) performed the Dichotic Digit Test (DDT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT), Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Gap Detection Test (GDT) and adaptive Speech-in-Noise (aSpN). The 12-year-olds was retested after w week. We found the age effects only for the DDT, DPT and FPT. In the right ear DDT the 7-year-olds performed more poorly than all groups ≥12. In the left ear DDT both 7- and 8-year-olds achieved less correct responses compared with the 13-, 14-, 15-year-olds and with the adults. The right ear advantage was greater in the 7-year-olds than in the 15-year-olds and adult group. At the age of 7 there was lower DPT and FPT scores than in all participants ≥13 whereas the 8-year-olds obtained less correct responses in the FPT than all age categories ≥12. Almost all groups (except for the 7-year-olds) performed better in the DPT than FPT. The test-retest reliability for all tests was satisfactory. The study demonstrated that different CAP have their own patterns of improvement with age and some of them are specific for the Polish population. The psychoacoustic battery may be useful in screening for CAP disorders in Poland.
Collapse
|
6
|
Personal Music Players Use and Other Noise Hazards among Children 11 to 12 Years Old. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186934. [PMID: 32971992 PMCID: PMC7558025 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to loud music-due to widespread personal music players (PMPs) and noisy leisure activities-are major risk factors for noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) in adolescents. However, there is little evidence of the impact of noise on the hearing of younger children. This study aimed to explore an association between PMP use and hearing, and to identify other sources of noise among children. The study sample consisted of 1032 children aged 11-12 years old. Hearing thresholds were determined from 0.5 to 8 kHz. PMP use and other noise exposures were evaluated using a survey. We found that 82% of the children had a PMP, and 78% were exposed to noise when playing computer games. An audiometric notch was documented in 1.3% of the children. Only 11.5% of the children ever used hearing protection while engaged in noisy activities. We found no convincing evidence of an association between PMP use and hearing thresholds, although our results suggest that tinnitus may be an early sign of NIHL in young children. The study shows a need to provide children, their parents, and educators with knowledge of how to take care of hearing, including how to avoid and minimize noise exposure.
Collapse
|