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Alshehri FA, Levett-Jones T, Pich J. Nursing students' knowledge of and attitudes towards pain management: An integrative review. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 139:106207. [PMID: 38669861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review were to appraise the available literature regarding nursing students' knowledge of and attitudes towards pain management; and secondly, to examine the instruments currently used to measure students' knowledge of and attitudes towards pain management. DESIGN This review was conducted using Whittemore and Knafl's five-stage framework for integrative reviews. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive search to retrieve relevant studies published in English between 1978 and 2022 was conducted using the databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases. An updated search of the same databases was performed to identify studies published in 2023-2024. REVIEW METHODS The initial search located 558 articles. One more relevant article was identified from an updated search test. Total of 244 duplicated records were removed. The remaining 315 studies were eligible for screening. After screening and checking for eligibility, 29 included articles were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. RESULTS Synthesis of the findings of the 29 included studies indicated that, internationally, nursing students have limited knowledge and often hold negative attitudes towards pain. Various instruments have been used to measure students' knowledge and attitudes towards pain. Most studies used true/false or multiple-choice questions and Likert-type scales. The validity and reliability of most of the tools were reported to be acceptable. The most commonly used instrument was the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain. CONCLUSION The findings from this review suggest the need for refinement of pain education programs to improve nursing students' knowledge of and attitudes towards pain management. Future research should focus on understanding the personal and environmental factors that impact students' level of knowledge and attitudes so as to inform curriculum development and ultimately the quality of the care graduates provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Abdullah Alshehri
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; University of Tabuk, School of Nursing, Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tracy Levett-Jones
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Jacqui Pich
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Fenta E, Kibret S, Hunie M, Tamire T, Eshetie D, Seid S, Fentie Y, Amaha E, Desse T, Dejen B, Essa K, Teshome D. Nurses' knowledge and attitude towards children pain management: a multi-site survey study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1182529. [PMID: 37425257 PMCID: PMC10327560 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1182529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate children's pain management is universally considered an ethical obligation. In evaluating and treating children's pain, nurses invest more time and take a leading role. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards the treatment of pediatric pain. Materials and Methods A total of 292 nurses working at four South Gondar Zone hospitals of Ethiopia was surveyed. To gather information from study participants, the Pediatric Nurses' -Knowledge and Attitudes- Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS) was employed. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of the data were used for descriptive analysis, while Pearson correlation, one-way between-groups analysis of variance, and independent-samples t-test were used for inferential analysis. Results A large percentage of nurses (74.7%) lacked adequate knowledge and attitudes (PNKAS score <50%) for pediatric pain treatment. The mean ± SD accurate response score of 43.1% ± 8.6% was achieved by nurses. An increase in pediatrics nursing experience was significantly correlated with nurses' PNKAS score (p < 0.001). The mean PNKAS scores of nurses who had official pain management training differed in a statistically significant way as compared to its counterpart (p < 0.001). Conclusion Nurses who are working South Gondar Zone of Ethiopia have insufficient knowledge and attitudes towards treatment of pediatric pain. Therefore, pediatric pain treatment in-service training is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrem Fenta
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Simegnew Kibret
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Metages Hunie
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadese Tamire
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Denberu Eshetie
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Shimelis Seid
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yewlsew Fentie
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Eleni Amaha
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tiruwork Desse
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Bantayehu Dejen
- Department of Nursing, Debre Tabor Health Sciences College, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Keder Essa
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Diriba Teshome
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Okbai T, Fessehaye S, Yohannes Gebray A, Tewelde Kahsay D. Final-semester nursing studentś knowledge and attitude regarding pain management in resources limited setting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2023.100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Paterson EA, Turner PV. Challenges with Assessing and Treating Pain in Research Primates: A Focused Survey and Literature Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172304. [PMID: 36078024 PMCID: PMC9455027 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research primates may undergo surgical procedures making effective pain management essential to ensure good animal welfare and unbiased scientific data. Adequate pain mitigation is dependent on whether veterinarians, technicians, researchers, and caregivers can recognize and assess pain, as well as the availability of efficacious therapeutics. A survey was conducted to evaluate primate veterinary approaches to pain assessment and alleviation, as well as expressed challenges for adequately managing primate pain. The survey (n = 93 respondents) collected information regarding institutional policies and procedures for pain recognition, methods used for pain relief, and perceived levels of confidence in primate pain assessment. Results indicated that 71% (n = 60) of respondents worked at institutions that were without formal experimental pain assessment policies. Pain assessment methods were consistent across respondents with the majority evaluating pain based on changes in general activity levels (100%, n = 86) and food consumption (97%, n = 84). Self-reported confidence in recognizing and managing pain ranged from slightly confident to highly confident, and there was a commonly expressed concern about the lack of objective pain assessment tools and science-based evidence regarding therapeutic recommendations of analgesics for research primates. These opinions correspond with significant gaps in the primate pain management literature, including limited specific pharmacokinetic data and efficacy testing for commonly used analgesics in research primate species as well as limited research on objective and specific measures of pain in research primates. These results demonstrate that there are inconsistencies in institutional policies and procedures surrounding pain management in research primates and a lack of objective pain assessment methods. Demonstrating the gaps and challenges in primate pain management can inform guideline development and suggest areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie A Paterson
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 0C4, Canada
| | - Patricia V Turner
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 0C4, Canada
- Global Animal Welfare and Training, Charles River, Wilmington, MA 01887, USA
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Geremek A, Ruby L, Lindner C, Niederberger U, Schild U, Jung M, Soyka O, Siniatchkin M. Child and adolescent psychiatry staff's knowledge on pain management. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022:13591045221125334. [PMID: 36062462 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221125334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of child and adolescent psychiatric staff's knowledge regarding pain management, to determine group differences between the medically more educated (physicians, nurses) and the less educated (psychologists, educators, special therapists) and to investigate the influence of gender, age, or professional experience as well as staff's own pain experiences. METHODS A total of 193 staff members from different professional backgrounds from three independent child and adolescent psychiatry clinics in Northern Germany were tested using the German version of the Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain Shriner's revision (PNKAS-Sr). RESULTS In total, the staff scored correctly 66% of the inventory questions. There was no difference between medically more educated and less educated staff members regarding the knowledge of pain management. The main factors influencing PNKAS score were age, profession, and pain education training. CONCLUSIONS Although chronic pain is not one of the main aspects of continuing education in child and adolescent psychiatry, the resulting level of knowledge was comparable to results of similar surveys with paediatric staffs. Nevertheless, further education is needed to enhance knowledge and understanding of children's pain in child psychiatry staff in order to professionally treat patients with chronic somatic and mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Geremek
- 440814Psychosomatikum, Kiel, Germany.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 440814Helios Klinikum Schleswig, Schleswig, Germany
| | - Lisa Ruby
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 440814Helios Klinikum Schleswig, Schleswig, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Niederberger
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ursula Schild
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 440814Psychiatrische Kliniken, Lüneburg, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Soyka
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 581931Vorwerker Diakonie, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Siniatchkin
- 39718University Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bielefeld, Germany
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Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Pain Assessment and Management in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030528. [PMID: 35327006 PMCID: PMC8953805 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequate pain management affects the patient outcome. Pain assessment and management are fundamental in nursing care, and nurses must be equipped with adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward pain assessment and management. This study aims to evaluate nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding pain assessment and management at King Fahad Hospital, Al-Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey, using a self-administered questionnaire, was conducted from January to February 2020 with 660 registered nurses working in the Emergency Department, critical care units, inpatient and outpatient departments at King Fahad Hospital in Al-Medinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Of the 660 nurses, 291 responded, resulting in a response rate of 44.09%. The participants’ scores ranged from 17.7% to 100%, with a mean score 45.29%. The majority of the participants (70.1%) had a poor level of knowledge and attitudes (score < 50%). Nurses working in the outpatient department scored significantly higher than the group working in the Emergency Department and inpatient wards. Deficient knowledge and negative attitudes were found and nurses continue to underassess and undertreat pain. Nursing school curricula and in-service continuous education must equip nurses with the required knowledge and attitudes to enable them to manage pain effectively.
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Mudgal S, Gaur R, Suyal N, Sharma S, Agarwal R, Raj R, Jitender C. Nurses and nursing students' knowledge regarding blood transfusion: A comparative cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE NURSING 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jin.jin_39_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Erol Ursavaş F, Karayurt Ö. The effects of pain management education on knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in nursing students in Turkey: A quasi-experimental study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:499-506. [PMID: 33184868 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to examine the effects of pain management education on nursing students' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs concerning pain management in Turkey. DESIGN AND METHODS A quasi-experimental design with pretest/posttest measures was used. The study sample included 79 students. FINDINGS The nursing students were found to have enhanced knowledge, attitudes following the initial education, and at the 3-month evaluation, compared to their knowledge and attitudes about pain before the education. However, education had no influence on their organic and psychological beliefs as they did not change across time. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Pain management education improved the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students. Nurse educators could revise their teaching methods and adopt interactive education methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Erol Ursavaş
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Özgul Karayurt
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Izmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
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Kusi Amponsah A, Kyei‐Dompim J, Bam V, Kyei EF, Oduro E, Ahoto CK, Axelin A. Exploring the educational needs of nurses on children's pain management: A descriptive qualitative study. Nurs Open 2020; 7:841-849. [PMID: 32257272 PMCID: PMC7113495 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the educational needs of nurses on children's pain management. Design A descriptive qualitative study. Methods Individual and group interviews were conducted among 28 nurses and four nurse managers at four hospitals in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The recorded interviews were later transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed based on a conceptual interest in the educational needs on paediatric pain management. Results Nurses were acquainted with pain assessment of children who can verbally communicate. They mainly used drugs in treating pain and were familiar with the use of some non-pharmacological interventions. Notwithstanding, they desired to know more about pain assessment for children with non-functional speech. Additionally, they were interested in learning more about both drug and nondrug pain relief methods for children. The sampled nurses and nurse managers indicated diverse preferences on the nature of the paediatric pain educational programme based on their personal choices and working dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Kusi Amponsah
- Department of Nursing SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of NursingFaculty of Allied Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Joana Kyei‐Dompim
- Department of NursingFaculty of Allied Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Victoria Bam
- Department of NursingFaculty of Allied Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | | | - Evans Oduro
- Department of NursingFaculty of Allied Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Collins K. Ahoto
- Department of NursingFaculty of Allied Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Anna Axelin
- Department of Nursing SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
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Lourens A, Hodkinson P, Parker R. Acute pain assessment and management in the prehospital setting, in the Western Cape, South Africa: a knowledge, attitudes and practices survey. BMC Emerg Med 2020; 20:31. [PMID: 32345230 PMCID: PMC7187518 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-020-00315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pain is frequently encountered in the prehospital setting, and therefore, a fundamental aspect of quality emergency care. Research has shown a positive association between healthcare providers’ knowledge of, and attitudes towards pain and pain management practices. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of emergency care providers regarding acute pain assessment and management in the prehospital setting, in the Western Cape, South Africa. The specific objectives were to, identify gaps in pain knowledge; assess attitudes regarding pain assessment and management; describe pain assessment and management behaviours and practices; and identify barriers to and enablers of pain care. Methods A web-based descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among emergency care providers of all qualifications, using a face-validated Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pain survey. Results Responses of 100 participants were included in the analysis. The survey response rate could not be calculated. The mean age of respondents was 34.74 (SD 8.13) years and the mean years’ experience 10.02 (SD 6.47). Most respondents were male (69%), employed in the public/government sector (93%) as operational practitioners (85%) with 54% of respondents having attended medical education on pain care in the last 2 years. The mean percentage for knowledge and attitudes regarding pain among emergency care providers was 58.01% (SD 15.66) with gaps identified in various aspects of pain and pain care. Practitioners with higher qualifications, more years’ experience and those who did not attend medical education on pain, achieved higher scores. Alcohol and drug use by patients were the most selected barrier to pain care while the availability of higher qualified practitioners was the most selected enabler. When asked to record pain scores, practitioners were less inclined to assign scores which were self-reported by the patients in the case scenarios. The participant dropout rate was 35%. Conclusion Our results suggest that there is suboptimal knowledge and attitudes regarding pain among emergency care providers in the Western Cape, South Africa. Gaps in pain knowledge, attitudes and practices were identified. Some barriers and enablers of pain care in the South African prehospital setting were identified but further research is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrit Lourens
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Peter Hodkinson
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Romy Parker
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa
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