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du Plessis J, Jordaan J. The impact of virtual reality on the psychological well-being of hospitalised patients: A critical review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24831. [PMID: 38312552 PMCID: PMC10835256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Improving hospitalised patients' psychological well-being (PWB) is relevant to their recovery and overall quality of life. Virtual Reality (VR) holds the potential to emerge as a novel tool for increasing the PWB of hospitalised patients. This study critically reviewed existing research concerning the use and impact of VR on the PWB of hospitalised patients with serious illnesses. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and practical applicability of VR in enhancing the PWB for hospitalised patients dealing with serious illnesses. Methodology In the initial search, the authors identified 106 sources that provided valuable insights into the broader field of VR, PWB, and the influence of VR on the psychological functioning of hospitalised patients. However, only eight articles were selected for the critical review, following the SALSA method. The SALSA method comprises the following steps: (S) Search, (AL) Appraisal, (S) Synthesis and (A) Analysis. Data extracted from these eight articles were subjected to reflexive thematic analysis, through which patterns were identified to examine the use and impact of VR on the PWB of hospitalised patients with serious illnesses. The thematic analysis process involves data gathering and familiarisation, code identification, and formulating and refining various themes to produce a thematic analysis report. Results The themes that emerged from the analysis were (i) positive psychological effects (with sub-themes including the effectiveness of VR in improving psychological symptoms, its role as an equivalent or adjunctive treatment, and symptom reduction), (ii) perceptions and the adoption of novel technology, (iii) characteristics that influence the effectiveness of VR, and (iv) statistical and practical applicability and diversity of VR. Conclusion and recommendation The use of VR to increase the PWB of hospitalised patients is a relatively recent innovation. Nevertheless, the themes identified in this study indicate that the use of VR within the context of hospitalised patients can benefit their psychological functioning, ultimately contributing to an improvement in their overall PWB. Further in-depth studies are needed to provide a comprehensive conclusion on the potential benefits of VR on the PWB of hospitalised patients dealing with serious illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolize du Plessis
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Jacques Jordaan
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
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Scafuto F, Ghiroldi S, Montecucco NF, De Vincenzo F, Quinto RM, Presaghi F, Iani L. Promoting well-being in early adolescents through mindfulness: A cluster randomized controlled trial. J Adolesc 2024; 96:57-69. [PMID: 37740437 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Gaia program is a 12-week mindfulness intervention based on cultivating body, emotional, and ecological self-awareness, which has been shown to be effective in reducing children's and adolescents' internalizing problems at school. This paper presents the results of a cluster randomized controlled trial aimed at assessing the effectiveness of this program on improving psychological well-being, subjective well-being, and psychological distress in early adolescents. METHODS A sample of 195 early adolescent students (boys, n = 99; girls, n = 96) with a mean age of 11.49 years (standard deviation = 0.80) attending 12 middle school classes participated in the study. Seven Gaia instructors belonging to six schools led the program. Measures were administered at three time points, approximately every 3 months: 1 week before treatment, 1 week after treatment, and 3 months after treatment. We used a multilevel regression model to test whether treatment was effective in increasing psychological well-being and subjective well-being, and reducing psychological distress, as compared to a waiting-list control group. RESULTS The results showed that the Gaia program improved psychological well-being but not subjective well-being and psychological distress. Specifically, the Gaia program was effective in increasing personal growth and purpose in life, the key eudaimonic components of psychological well-being, in the experimental group whereas they decreased in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study provide preliminary evidence that the Gaia program for early adolescents may improve the core eudaimonic components of psychological well-being from pretest to follow-up that, conversely, decrease in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Scafuto
- Department of Literature, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabio Presaghi
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Social Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Iani
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Udine, Italy
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Miethe S, Muehlhan M, Trautmann S. The association between repetitive negative thinking and distress across mental disorders: Preliminary findings from an outpatient treatment-seeking sample. Psychiatry Res 2022; 311:114478. [PMID: 35287044 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Distress is a characteristic of various mental disorders. The transdiagnostic construct repetitive negative thinking (RNT) has been suggested to contribute to distress. However, there is little evidence that this association can actually be found across diagnostic categories. We analyzed this association for phobias, other anxiety disorders, stress disorders, depressive disorders and substance use disorders in 194 treatment-seeking individuals. RNT was associated with distress across all diagnostic categories with high effect sizes. Except for phobias, these associations were not attributable to general emotion regulation abilities. RNT might contribute to distress in several mental disorders which underlines its potential for transdiagnostic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Miethe
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; ICPP Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Muehlhan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; ICAN Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Trautmann
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; ICPP Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Malaeb D, Farchakh Y, Haddad C, Sacre H, Obeid S, Hallit S, Salameh P. Validation of the Beirut Distress Scale (BDS-10), a short version of BDS-22, to assess psychological distress among the Lebanese population. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:304-313. [PMID: 33821486 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate a short version of the Beirut Distress Scale (BDS-22), the BDS-10, in the Lebanese population, and evaluate the association between psychological distress and other mental disorders. METHODS A total of 2260 participants was enrolled in this cross-sectional study (January-July 2019). RESULTS Items converged over a solution of two factors (Factor 1 = Mood, affect and cognitive symptoms; Factor 2 = Physical symptoms; total variance explained = 64.51%). A significantly high correlation was found between BDS-10 and BDS-22 (r = 0.963, p < 0.001). Higher depression, anxiety, and insomnia were significantly associated with higher stress (higher BDS-10 and BDS-22 scores). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS This new short tool is valid and reliable to screen for psychological distress, influencing mood and affect, and physical and cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Farchakh
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Tropical Epidemiology and Neurology, GEIST, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Reyes MES, Carmen BPB, Luminarias MEP, Mangulabnan SANB, Ogunbode CA. An investigation into the relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health among Gen Z Filipinos. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:7448-7456. [PMID: 34305362 PMCID: PMC8280276 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Climate change and mental health concerns are both defining issues of the generation of today. It has been established that the worsening climate causes many environmental disasters and physical health problems. However, its psychological impacts are still not well understood. Climate change has brought about an emerging psychological phenomenon termed ‘climate anxiety’ or ‘eco-anxiety,’ which has been described as a "chronic fear of environmental doom" (Clayton et al., 2017, p. 68) due to the impact of climate change. This predictive cross-sectional study investigated the link between climate change anxiety and mental health among 433 Filipinos. A total of 145 males and 288 females aged 18 to 26 completed the Climate Change Anxiety Scale and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38). Results show a significant relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health, with climate change anxiety predicting 13.5% of the overall Mental Health Index variance. Significantly, climate change anxiety was associated with the MHI-38’s global scale of Psychological Distress but not with the global scale of Psychological Well-being. The findings are discussed concerning the broader context of research on the mental health impacts of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Eric S Reyes
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, 1008 Manila, Philippines
| | - Bianca Patricia B Carmen
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, 1008 Manila, Philippines
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Iani L, Quinto RM, Porcelli P, Angeramo AR, Schiralli A, Abeni D. Positive Psychological Factors Are Associated With Better Spiritual Well-Being and Lower Distress in Individuals With Skin Diseases. Front Psychol 2020; 11:552764. [PMID: 33123038 PMCID: PMC7573544 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.552764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we examined whether aspects of positive functioning [reappraisal, sense of coherence (SOC), and positivity] were associated with spiritual well-being and psychological distress after controlling for negative functioning (skin-related symptoms, type of disease, and expressive suppression) in individuals with skin diseases. We also examined whether negative functioning aspects were linked to spiritual well-being and distress when controlling for aspects of positive functioning. The study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 192 individuals with psoriasis and systemic sclerosis (SSc) (M age = 51.6 years, SD = 16.5). Two hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to determine whether spiritual well-being and psychological distress were accounted for by skin-related symptoms, type of disease, emotion regulation strategies, SOC, and positivity. Positivity was the most important contributor to better spiritual well-being, followed by both the comprehensibility/manageability and meaningfulness SOC subscales, after controlling for the other variables. High skin-related symptoms and expressive suppression were associated with lower psychological distress, whereas high SOC and reappraisal correlated with higher psychological distress. The findings of this study pave the way for further research on how SOC and positivity may reduce the effects of both skin-related symptoms and emotion dysregulation and facilitate spiritual well-being of individuals with skin diseases. Interventions aimed to enhance inner resources of these individuals and help them to find a meaning in their experience of skin disease might reduce psychological distress and improve spiritual well-being. Our findings suggest that healthcare professionals should consider positive functioning aspects in future interventions for individuals with skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Iani
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Piero Porcelli
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Schiralli
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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