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Tao T, Xu H, Ma X, Cheng Y, Shi X, Sun Y, Zhao M, Huang L, Li X. Analysis of Systemic and Serum Risk Factors in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1033-1044. [PMID: 36680656 PMCID: PMC10011263 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains controversial whether polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) represents a subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) or is a distinct disease entity. This study aimed to compare and analyze systemic and serum risk factors for nAMD and PCV in an aging Chinese population. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 108 patients with nAMD, 131 patients with PCV, and 219 control subjects. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), apolipoprotein B (APOB), complement 3 (C3), and complement 4 (C4) together with data on systemic risk factors, including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary artery disease (CAD), and asthma, were collected. Chi-square tests, independent-samples t tests, and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations of risk factors with nAMD and PCV. RESULTS Patients with PCV and those with nAMD were likely to have hyperlipidemia (P < 0.001). CAD (P = 0.020) and hypertension (P = 0.006) correlated significantly with nAMD and PCV, respectively. Although no association of age and asthma with PCV or nAMD was found (P > 0.05), DM was associated with PCV development (OR = 0.535, P = 0.044). Regarding serum risk factors, HDL, LDL, TG, APOB, and C3 were significantly associated with nAMD (OR < 0.001, P < 0.001; OR = 0.028, P < 0.001; OR = 0.175, P < 0.001; OR = 0.922, P = 0.022; OR < 0.001, P < 0.001) and PCV (OR = 0.001, P = 0.001; OR = 0.097, P = 0.003; OR = 0.410, P = 0.037; OR = 0.895, P = 0.001; OR = 0.001, P < 0.001). Compared with nAMD, higher levels of HDL (P = 0.003) and LDL (P = 0.016) and lower levels of TG (P = 0.039) were found in patients with PCV, but the association of systemic risk factors between the two diseases was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that hyperlipidemia is significantly associated with both nAMD and PCV. Serum lipid and complement levels have an effect on the pathogenesis of nAMD and PCV, and consideration of the differences between systemic and serum risk factors should be taken into account in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchang Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yaoyao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Mingwei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China.,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lvzhen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China. .,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing, 100044, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China. .,College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100044, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China.
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2
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Ruamviboonsuk P, Lai TYY, Chen SJ, Yanagi Y, Wong TY, Chen Y, Gemmy Cheung CM, Teo KYC, Sadda S, Gomi F, Chaikitmongkol V, Chang A, Lee WK, Kokame G, Koh A, Guymer R, Lai CC, Kim JE, Ogura Y, Chainakul M, Arjkongharn N, Hong Chan H, Lam DSC. Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy: Updates on Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatments. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2023; 12:184-195. [PMID: 36728294 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been recent advances in basic research and clinical studies in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). A recent, large-scale, population-based study found systemic factors, such as male gender and smoking, were associated with PCV, and a recent systematic review reported plasma C-reactive protein, a systemic biomarker, was associated with PCV. Growing evidence points to an association between pachydrusen, recently proposed extracellular deposits associated with the thick choroid, and the risk of development of PCV. Many recent studies on diagnosis of PCV have focused on applying criteria from noninvasive multimodal retinal imaging without requirement of indocyanine green angiography. There have been attempts to develop deep learning models, a recent subset of artificial intelligence, for detecting PCV from different types of retinal imaging modality. Some of these deep learning models were found to have high performance when they were trained and tested on color retinal images with corresponding images from optical coherence tomography. The treatment of PCV is either a combination therapy using verteporfin photodynamic therapy and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or anti-VEGF monotherapy, often used with a treat-and-extend regimen. New anti-VEGF agents may provide more durable treatment with similar efficacy, compared with existing anti-VEGF agents. It is not known if they can induce greater closure of polypoidal lesions, in which case, combination therapy may still be a mainstay. Recent evidence supports long-term follow-up of patients with PCV after treatment for early detection of recurrence, particularly in patients with incomplete closure of polypoidal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Microtechnology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kelvin Y C Teo
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srinivas Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Fumi Gomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Voraporn Chaikitmongkol
- Retina Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Andrew Chang
- Sydney Retina Clinic, Sydney Eye Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Gregg Kokame
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI
| | - Adrian Koh
- Eye & Retina Surgeons, Camden Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robyn Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Judy E Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Yuichiro Ogura
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Dennis S C Lam
- The C-MER International Eye Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
- The C-MER Dennis Lam & Partners Eye Center, C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Liu B, Cong C, Li Z, Hao L, Yuan X, Wang W, Shi Y, Liu T. Analysis of the aqueous humor lipid profile in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109160. [PMID: 35753432 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the lipid profiles of aqueous humor from polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) patients and identify potential biomarkers to increase the understanding of PCV pathomechanism. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based untargeted lipidomic analysis was performed to acquire lipid profiles of aqueous humor of PCV patients and control subjects. Differentially expressed lipids were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. A receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to confirm the potential of identified lipids as biomarkers. Sixteen PCV patients and twenty-eight control subjects were enrolled in this study. In total, we identified 33 lipid classes and 639 lipid species in aqueous humor using the LipidSearch software. Of them, 50 differential lipids were obtained by combining univariate and multivariate statistical analyses (VIP>1 and P < 0.05), and 19 potential lipid biomarkers were identified by ROC analysis. In addition, significant alterations were found in several metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid, glycerolipid, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. This study is the first to systematically characterize the alterations in lipid profiles in aqueous humor of PCV patients and screen for the potential lipid biomarkers for PCV diagnosis and treatment intervention. The results of this study are likely to broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis of PCV and contribute to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Chenyang Cong
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Zhongen Li
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yuan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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4
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Pan M, Zhou P, Liu Z, Guo J, Du L, Jin X. Peripheral complete blood cell count indices and serum lipid levels in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Clin Exp Optom 2022:1-6. [PMID: 35645225 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2079399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengyi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenhui Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ju Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China
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5
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Fenner BJ, Cheung CMG, Sim SS, Lee WK, Staurenghi G, Lai TYY, Ruamviboonsuk P, Kokame G, Yanagi Y, Teo KYC. Evolving treatment paradigms for PCV. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:257-265. [PMID: 34262165 PMCID: PMC8807588 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a subtype of neovascular AMD (nAMD) that accounts for a significant proportion of nAMD cases worldwide, and particularly in Asia. Contemporary PCV treatment strategies have closely followed those used in typical nAMD, though there are significant gaps in knowledge on PCV management and it remains unclear if these strategies are appropriate. Current clinical trial data suggest intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy alone or in combination with photodynamic therapy is effective in managing haemorrhage and exudation in PCV, although the optimal treatment interval, including as-needed and treat-and-extend approaches, is unclear. Newer imaging modalities, including OCT angiography and high-resolution spectral domain OCT have enabled characterisation of unique PCV biomarkers that may provide guidance on how and when treatment and re-treatment should be initiated. Treatment burden for PCV is a major focus of future therapeutic research and several newly developed anti-VEGF agents, including brolucizumab, faricimab, and new modes of drug delivery like the port delivery system, offer hope for dramatically reduced treatment burden for PCV patients. Beyond anti-VEGF therapy, recent developments in our understanding of PCV pathophysiology, in particular the role of choroidal anatomy and lipid mediators in PCV pathogenesis, offer new treatment avenues that may become clinically relevant in the future. This article explores the current management of PCV and more recent approaches to PCV treatment based on an improved understanding of this unique disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau J Fenner
- Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
- Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shaun S Sim
- Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Giovanni Staurenghi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Gregg Kokame
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Microtechnology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kelvin Y C Teo
- Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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6
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Zhang X, Qiu B, Gong Z, Chen X, Wang Y, Nie Y. Differentially Regulated Apolipoproteins and Lipid Profiles as Novel Biomarkers for Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:946327. [PMID: 35928899 PMCID: PMC9343613 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.946327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid dyshomeostasis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various retinal and choroidal vascular diseases. This study aims to investigate whether apolipoprotein (apo) mediated differential regulation of lipid metabolism contributes to the phenotypes of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). This study involved 148 subjects including 53 patients with PCV, 44 patients with nAMD, and 51 age-, sex-matched subjects with normal fundus controls. Routine blood biochemistry profile was evaluated. Apolipoproteins was estimated by Luminex technology. After controlling for age, gender, body mass index, duration of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, apoB/non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p=0.015) was an independent risk factor for nAMD, apoB was an independent risk factor for PCV(p=0.011), compared with control. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly higher in patients with PCV when compared with nAMD (p=0.037). Furthermore, apoB/non-HDL, LDL-C, triglycerides and were significantly correlated with the pathogenesis of subgroups of PCV and nAMD. We concluded that lipid profiles and apos are differential regulated in PCV, nAMD and their subtypes, indicating different pathogenicity contributed to the different phenotypes of PCV and nAMD. Non-pachy PCV shares pathological similarities with nAMD, which is highly correlated with age-related atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Disorders Study Group, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyuan Zhang,
| | - Bingjie Qiu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Disorders Study Group, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- Division of Medical Affairs, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosi Chen
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Disorders Study Group, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Nie
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Disorders Study Group, Beijing, China
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7
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Liutkeviciene R, Vilkeviciute A, Kriauciuniene L, Banevicius M, Budiene B, Stanislovaitiene D, Zemaitiene R, Deltuva VP. Association of genetic variants at CETP, AGER, and CYP4F2 locus with the risk of atrophic age-related macular degeneration. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1357. [PMID: 32666702 PMCID: PMC7507364 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly individuals. The etiology of AMD includes environmental and genetic factors. Methods We aimed to determine the association between CETP (rs5882; rs708272; rs3764261; rs1800775; rs2303790), AGER (rs1800624; rs1800625), and CYP4F2 (rs1558139) gene polymorphisms and development of atrophic AMD. About 52 patients with atrophic AMD and 800 healthy control subjects were evaluated. The genotyping of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in CETP, AGER, and CYP4F2 was carried out using the real‐time‐PCR method. Results Genetic risk models in the analysis of CETP rs5882 revealed statistically significant variables with increased risk of atrophic AMD in the codominant (p < .001), dominant (p < .001), recessive (p < .001), and additive (p < .001) models with the highest 25.4‐fold increased risk of atrophic AMD in the codominant model (p < .001). The AGER rs1800625 was associated with a highly increased risk of atrophic AMD in the codominant (p < .001), recessive (p < .001), and additive (p < .001) genetic models. Conclusion We identified two polymorphisms with a higher risk of atrophic AMD (CETP rs5882 and AGER rs1800625).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Liutkeviciene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Alvita Vilkeviciute
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Loresa Kriauciuniene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mantas Banevicius
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Brigita Budiene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Stanislovaitiene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Reda Zemaitiene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytenis P Deltuva
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
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8
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Bogari NM, Aljohani A, Dannoun A, Elkhateeb O, Porqueddu M, Amin AA, Bogari DN, Taher MM, Buba F, Allam RM, Bogari MN, Alamanni F. Association between HindIII (rs320) variant in the lipoprotein lipase gene and the presence of coronary artery disease and stroke among the Saudi population. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2018-2024. [PMID: 32714026 PMCID: PMC7376116 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) is known to be a key enzyme for lipid metabolism specifically in an enzymatic glycoprotein which provide tissues without fatty-acids and eliminates triglycerides (TG) by the circulation. Mutations in LPL were proven to cause alteration in fractions within lipoprotein, causing the development of atherosclerosis which predispose to weakening coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. We examined the linkage between genetic variant HindIII in LPL on lipoprotein fractions, stroke occurrences and CAD. In this case-control study, we have recruited 315 CAD cases and 205 age-matched controls. A total of 520 genomic DNA was digested with the purified PCR products for restriction fragment length polymorphism with HindIII restriction enzyme. The distribution of genotypes in a decreasing order were TT, 148 (47%), GT 135 (42.9%) and GG 32 (10.2%) in CAD groups of the study while the pattern in controls were GT 91 (44.4%), TT 86 (42%) and GG 28 (13.7%). None of all the allele or genotype frequencies were found to be significant in our study (p greater than 0.05), while the biochemical levels for both TG and LDL-c were shown to be prone in CAD patients when compare with the controls. Furthermore, the occurence of strokes were more in CAD groups vs. controls: 72 (22.9%) vs. 7 (3.4%) [p 0.000]. This could indicate the influence of HindIII variant on plasma lipid levels, and the possibility of considering it a risk factor for atherosclerosis leading to CAD and stroke occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda M Bogari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwag Aljohani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Dannoun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Elkhateeb
- Department of Cardiology, King Abdulla Medical city, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cardiology, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Masimo Porqueddu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, King Fahd Armed Medical Forces Hospitals, Jeddah, KSA, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Monzino Heart Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Amr A Amin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of medicine, UQU, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - Dema N Bogari
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Brighton, England, UK
| | - Mohiuddin M Taher
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Saudi Arabia.,Science and technology Unit, UQU, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faruk Buba
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Reem M Allam
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | | | - Francesco Alamanni
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Monzino Heart Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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9
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Xia ZH, Chen WB, Shi L, Jiang X, Li K, Wang YX, Liu YQ. The Underlying Mechanisms of Curcumin Inhibition of Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet Combined With STZ Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020271. [PMID: 31936547 PMCID: PMC7024244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is the main secondary metabolite of Curcuma longa and other Curcuma spp, and has been reported to have some potential in preventing and treating some physiological disorders. This study investigated the effect of curcumin in inhibiting high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in rats. Twenty-six male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (170–190 g) were randomly divided into a standard food pellet diet group (Control group), a high-fat diet and streptozotocin group (HF + STZ group), and a high-fat diet combined with curcumin and STZ group (HF + Cur + STZ group). Compared with the HF + STZ group, the HF + Cur + STZ group exhibited significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (AST), and aspartate transaminase (ALT) levels, as well as liver coefficients. In the livers of these rats, the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Bax was downregulated, whereas that of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Bcl-2 was upregulated. Moreover, the liver histology of these rats was improved and resembled that of the control rats. These results suggest that curcumin prevents high-fat diet and STZ-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, mainly via anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan-Qiang Liu
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-22-23508378; Fax: +86-22-23508378
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