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Regulation of programmed cell death by Brd4. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1059. [PMID: 36539410 PMCID: PMC9767942 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic factor Brd4 has emerged as a key regulator of cancer cell proliferation. Targeted inhibition of Brd4 suppresses growth and induces apoptosis of various cancer cells. In addition to apoptosis, Brd4 has also been shown to regulate several other forms of programmed cell death (PCD), including autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, with different biological outcomes. PCD plays key roles in development and tissue homeostasis by eliminating unnecessary or detrimental cells. Dysregulation of PCD is associated with various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. In this review, we discussed some recent findings on how Brd4 actively regulates different forms of PCD and the therapeutic potentials of targeting Brd4 in PCD-related human diseases. A better understanding of PCD regulation would provide not only new insights into pathophysiological functions of PCD but also provide new avenues for therapy by targeting Brd4-regulated PCD.
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Wang Y, Xiang Z, An M, Jia H, Bu C, Xue Y, Wei Y, Li R, Qi X, Cheng F, Zhao C, Xue J, Yang P. Livin promotes Th2-type immune response in airway allergic diseases. Immunol Res 2022; 70:624-632. [PMID: 35717553 PMCID: PMC9499890 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effects of livin on the Th2 immune response in airway allergic diseases (AAD) and explore the interaction among livin, GATA3, IL-4 in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells of AAD patients. Methods WT mice and livin KO mice were developed for model of AAD. Th2 cell levels in the lung tissues and spleen were assessed by flow cytometry. Also, it was assessed in the culture after exposing to livin inhibitor (Lp-15); the protein and mRNA levels of livin, GATA3 and IL-4 in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells isolated from patients with or without AAD were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Finally, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was employed to identify the interaction between livin and GATA3. Results Compared with WT mouse, Th2 cell frequency in lung tissues and spleen was significantly decreased in livin KO mouse; after adding Lp-15, the differentiation from Naive CD4+T cells in spleen to Th2 cells was blocked; the protein and mRNA levels of livin, GATA3 and IL-4 in AAD group were higher than that in control group. The levels of livin were positively correlated with IL-4, and GATA3 was also positively correlated with IL-4 and livin. GATA3 was detected in the protein complex co-precipitated with livin antibody, and livin was also detected in the protein complex co-precipitated by GATA3 antibody. Conclusion Livin increases the expression of IL-4 and facilitates naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th2 cells, which triggers airway allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiyu Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Miaomiao An
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huijing Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunyan Bu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, China
| | - Yanfeng Xue
- Special Needs Ward, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yao Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xueping Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fengli Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changqing Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinmei Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China. .,Key Research Laboratory of Airway Neuroimmunology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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The Role of Genetic Pathways in the Development of Chemoradiation Resistance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) Patients. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111835. [PMID: 34828441 PMCID: PMC8619242 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains elusive despite new developments and advancement that has been made in the current management approaches. A patient’s survival and prognosis remain dismal especially for a late-stage disease. This is highly attribute to the chemoradiation resistance. Arrays of genes and molecular mechanisms underlie the development of chemoradiation resistance in NPC. Imperatively, unravelling the true pathogenesis of chemoradiation resistance is crucial as these significant proteins and genes can be modulated to produce an effective therapeutic target. It is pivotal to identify the chemoradiation resistance at the very beginning in order to combat the chemoradiation resistance efficiently. Intense research in the genetic ecosphere is critical, as the discovery and development of novel therapeutic targets can be used for screening, diagnosis, and treating the chemoradiation resistance aggressively. This will escalate the management trajectory of NPC patients. This article highlights the significance of genetic and molecular factors that play critical roles in the chemoradiation resistance and how these factors may be modified for next-generation targeted therapy products.
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Xue JM, An YF, Suo LM, Mo LH, Yang G, Luo XQ, Liu DB, Zhao CQ, Yang PC. Livin in synergy with Ras induces and sustains corticosteroid resistance in the airway mucosa. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2089-2098. [PMID: 34131408 PMCID: PMC8193260 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.58427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Corticosteroid resistance (CR) seriously affects the therapeutic effects of steroids on many chronic inflammatory disorders, including airway allergy. The mechanism of CR development is unclear. Recent research indicates that livin, an apoptosis inhibitor, is associated with the regulation in cell activities. This study investigates the role of livin in the inducing and sustaining CR in the airway mucosa. Methods: Nasal epithelial cells (NECs) were isolated from surgically removed nasal mucosal tissues of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and nasal polyps with or without CR. Differentially expressed genes in NECs were analyzed by the RNA sequencing. A CR mouse model was developed to test the role of livin in CR development. Results: The results showed that NECs of AR patients with CR expressed high levels of livin, that was positively correlated with the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression and the high Ras activation status in NECs. Livin and Ras activation mutually potentiating each other in the inducing and sustaining the TSLP expression in NECs. TSLP induced eosinophils and neutrophils to express glucocorticoid receptor-β (GRβ). Eosinophils and neutrophils with high CRβ expression were resistant to corticosteroids. Depletion of livin or inhibition of TSLP markedly attenuated CR and airway allergy. Conclusions: Livin facilitates CR development in the airways by promoting TSLP expression in epithelial cells and the GRβ expression in eosinophils and neutrophils. Depletion of livin or inhibiting TSLP attenuates CR development and inhibits airway allergy, this has the translational potential to be used in the treatment of airway allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Mei Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yun-Fang An
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li-Min Suo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China.,Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Luo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Da-Bo Liu
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China.,Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Zhang YH, He SS, Xie SY, Wei PL, Wang SZ, Liao GH. Two Cu(II) and Co(II) coordination polymers: crystal structures and treatment activity on human ovarian cancer cells. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1769669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Han Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
| | - Shan-Shan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
| | - Peng-Lai Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, China
| | - Su-Zhen Wang
- Department of Medicine, Wuwei People’s Hospital, Wuwei, China
| | - Ge-Hong Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiulongpo District People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
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