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Li X, Peng H, Kang J, Sun X, Liu J. IL-1β induced down-regulation of miR-146a-5p promoted pyroptosis and apoptosis of corneal epithelial cell in dry eye disease through targeting STAT3. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:144. [PMID: 38553670 PMCID: PMC10981279 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To elaborate the underlying mechanisms by which IL-1β promote progression of Dry eye disease(DED) through effect on pyroptosis and apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells(CECs). METHODS 400 mOsM solutions were used to establish the DED model (hCECs- DED). RT-qPCR was performed to measure IL-1β mRNA and miR-146a-5p in CECs. Western blotting was performed to measure STAT3, GSDMD, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 levels. Cell counting kit-8 assay was adopted to check cell viability. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. ELISAs were performed to determine IL-18, IL-33 and LDH. The luciferase test detects targeting relationships. RESULTS After treatment with 400 mOsM solution, cell viability decreased and apoptosis increased. Compared with hCECs, IL-1β was increased and miR-146a-5p was decreased in hCECs-DED. At the same time, GSDMD, NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-18, IL-33 and LDH were significantly higher in hCECs-DED than in hCECs, while IL-1β silencing reversed this effect. In addition, IL-1β negatively regulated miR-146a-5p. MiR-146a-5p mimics eliminated the inhibition of hCECs-DED pyroptosis and apoptosis caused by IL-1β silencing. At the same time, miR-146a-5p reduced STAT3 levels in hCECs. CONCLUSION Highly expressed IL-1β promoted pyroptosis and apoptosis of hCECs- DED through downregulated miR-146a-5p and inhibited STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hua Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianshu Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Academy of C.M.S. Eye Hospital, NO. 33 Lugu Road, Shijingshan District, 100040, Beijing, China.
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Nakagawa A, Nakajima T, Azuma M. Tear miRNA expression analysis reveals miR-203 as a potential regulator of corneal epithelial cells. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:377. [PMID: 34696757 PMCID: PMC8543880 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. They are found within cells and in body fluids. Extracellular miRNAs have been shown to associate with the surrounding tissues. Therefore, we predicted that miRNAs in tears may contribute to regulate corneal epithelial cell function. However, information on the miRNA expression profile of tears is limited and the specific functions of tear miRNAs for corneal epithelial cells are still unknown. To study the role of tear miRNAs, we determined which miRNAs are highly expressed in tears and examined the involvement of miRNAs in corneal epithelial cell viability. Methods miRNAs extracted from monkey tears and sera were subjected to microarray analysis. miRNAs of which expression levels were higher in tears than in sera were selected, and their expression levels were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). To examine miRNA function, mimics and inhibitors of miRNAs were transfected into human corneal epithelial (HCE-T) cells and incubated for 24 or 48 h. After transfection of miRNA mimics and inhibitors, the viability of HCE-T cells was measured using the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST) assay, and microarray analysis and qPCR were performed using total RNA extracted from HCE-T cells. siRNAs of the candidate targets for miR-203 were transfected into HCE-T cells and the WST assay was performed. To determine a direct target gene for miR-203, a dual luciferase reporter assay was performed in HCE-T cells using a luciferase reporter plasmid containing 3′-UTR of human IGFBP5. Results Microarray and qPCR analyses showed that miR-184 and miR-203 were expressed significantly more highly in tears than in sera (165,542.8- and 567.8-fold, respectively, p < 0.05). Of these two miRNAs, transfection of a miR-203 mimic significantly reduced the viability of HCE-T cells (p < 0.05), while a miR-203 inhibitor significantly increased this viability (p < 0.05). miR-203 mimic downregulated insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) and nuclear casein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 (NUCKS1), while miR-203 inhibitor upregulated these two genes. Transfection of IGFBP5-siRNA decreased the viability of HCE-T cells. miR-203 mimic significantly diminished the luciferase reporter activity. Conclusions In this study, we identified miRNAs that are highly expressed in tears, and the inhibition of miR-203 increases the viability of corneal epithelial cells. Our results suggest that miR-203 contributes to regulating the homeostasis of corneal epithelial cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-021-02141-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Nakagawa
- Central Research Laboratories, Research and Development Division, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakajima
- Senju Laboratory of Ocular Sciences, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Azuma
- Senju Laboratory of Ocular Sciences, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
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Jin M, Wang Y, An X, Kang H, Wang Y, Wang G, Gao Y, Wu S, Reinach PS, Liu Z, Xue Y, Li C. Phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the corneal epithelium following exposure to cigarette smoke. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117540. [PMID: 34147784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke extract (CSE), a complex mixture of compounds, contributes to a range of eye diseases; however, the underlying pathophysiological responses to tobacco smoke remain ambiguous. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cigarette smoke-induced phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the corneal epithelium with a view to elucidating the likely underlying mechanism. Accordingly, for the first time, we characterized the genome-wide effects of CSE on the corneal epithelium. The ocular surface of the mice in the experimental groups was exposed to CSE for 1 h per day for a period of one week, while mice in the control group were exposed to preservative-free artificial tears. Corneal fluorescein staining, in vivo confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed to examine the corneal ultrastructure. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed followed by RT-qPCR to validate gene expression changes. The results indicate that CSE exposure disrupted the structural integrity of the superficial epithelium, decreased the density of microvilli, and compromised the corneal epithelial barrier intactness. RNA-seq revealed 667 differentially expressed genes, and functional analysis highlighted the enhancement of several biological processes such as antioxidant activity and the response to oxidative stress. Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that glutathione metabolism and drug metabolism cytochrome P450 were the most relevant pathways contributing to the effects of CSE on the corneal epithelium. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis illustrated that GCLC, NQO1, and HMOX1 were the most relevant nodes. In conclusion, the present study indicates that CSE exposure induces changes in the phenotype and genotype of the corneal epithelium. The antioxidant response element is essential for counteracting the effects of cigarette smoke on this tissue layer. These results shed novel insights into how cigarette smoke damages this ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Jin
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yanzi Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xiaoya An
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Honghua Kang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shuiping Wu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peter S Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuhua Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Ajith TA. Alpha-lipoic acid: A possible pharmacological agent for treating dry eye disease and retinopathy in diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1883-1890. [PMID: 32621549 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring dithiol micronutrient which acts as a cofactor for mitochondrial enzyme activity. Due to its potential antioxidant activity, it is considered as "universal antioxidant". Previous studies reported the pharmacological benefits of ALA such as glycaemic control, improved insulin sensitivity and alleviation of diabetic complications such as neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases. Dry eye disease and retinopathy are prevalent in diabetic patients. Experimental studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of ALA in dry eye and diabetic retinopathy. ALA can prevent the dry eye by down regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the corneal epithelial cells and activating the antioxidant status of the ocular surface. Furthermore, its direct antioxidant effect can also prevent oxidative stress-induced corneal surface erosion and lachrymal gland damage. ALA prevents diabetic retinopathy through inhibition of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase and nuclear factor-kappa B activity and alleviation of oxidative stress. It can activate the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and AMP-activated protein kinase in retinal ganglion cells. Clinical trials conducted in pre-retinopathic diabetic patients showed ALA with genistein and vitamins could protect the retinal cells and decline the inflammatory effect in diabetic patients. However, studies are scant to explore its beneficial effects in dry eye disease and diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, this review article discusses an update on the role of ALA in dry eye disease and diabetic retinopathy, two ocular diseases prevalent in diabetic patients.
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Liu B, Zhao L, Wei Y, Chen S, Bian L, Guo D, Gao M, Nian H. MicroRNA expression profile of Lacrimal Glands in rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis model. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2879-2887. [PMID: 33162816 PMCID: PMC7645348 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To identify the differential expression of microRNAs (miRs) and the related gene networks and signal pathways in lacrimal glands (LGs) of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis. Methods: Autoimmune dacryoadenitis in rabbits was induced by transferring activated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). The LGs of normal and model group rabbits were collected for small RNA sequencing. The most differentially expressed miRs were validated by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Further, bioinformatics analysis including target gene prediction, Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Results: A total of 15 miRs were differentially expressed in the LGs of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis relative to normal controls. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that most target genes of these dysregulated miRs were implicated in MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our results showed for the first time the differentially expressed miRs and the related pathways involved in the pathogenesis of rabbit autoimmune dacryoadenitis. These results may contribute to elucidating molecular pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yankai Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingzhai Bian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Nian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases; Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science; Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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