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Hyun JS, Pun R, Park SJ, Lee BJ. Effect of Divalent Metal Ions on the Ribonuclease Activity of the Toxin Molecule HP0894 from Helicobacter pylori. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:225. [PMID: 38398734 PMCID: PMC10890551 DOI: 10.3390/life14020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and archaea respond and adapt to environmental stress conditions by modulating the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system for survival. Within the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the protein HP0894 is a key player in the HP0894-HP0895 TA system, in which HP0894 serves as a toxin and HP0895 as an antitoxin. HP0894 has intrinsic ribonuclease (RNase) activity that regulates gene expression and translation, significantly influencing bacterial physiology and survival. This activity is influenced by the presence of metal ions such as Mg2+. In this study, we explore the metal-dependent RNase activity of HP0894. Surprisingly, all tested metal ions lead to a reduction in RNase activity, with zinc ions (Zn2+) causing the most significant decrease. The secondary structure of HP0894 remained largely unaffected by Zn2+ binding, whereas structural rigidity was notably increased, as revealed using CD analysis. NMR characterized the Zn2+ binding, implicating numerous His, Asp, and Glu residues in HP0894. In summary, these results suggest that metal ions play a regulatory role in the RNase activity of HP0894, contributing to maintaining the toxin molecule in an inactive state under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Shil Hyun
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Rabin Pun
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jean Park
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Saruuljavkhlan B, Alfaray RI, Oyuntsetseg K, Gantuya B, Khangai A, Renchinsengee N, Matsumoto T, Akada J, Azzaya D, Davaadorj D, Yamaoka Y. Study of Helicobacter pylori Isolated from a High-Gastric-Cancer-Risk Population: Unveiling the Comprehensive Analysis of Virulence-Associated Genes including Secretion Systems, and Genome-Wide Association Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4528. [PMID: 37760497 PMCID: PMC10526929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of gastric cancer in Mongolia, in East Asia, remains the highest in the world. However, most Helicobacter pylori strains in Mongolia have a less virulent Western-type CagA. We aimed to determine how H. pylori genomic variation affected gastric diseases, especially gastric cancer, based on comprehensive genome analysis. METHODS We identified a set of 274 virulence-associated genes in H. pylori, including virulence factor and outer membrane protein (OMP) genes, the type four secretion system gene cluster, and 13 well-known virulence gene genotypes in 223 H. pylori strains and their associations with gastric cancer and other gastric diseases. We conducted a genome-wide association study on 158 H. pylori strains (15 gastric cancer and 143 non-gastric cancer strains). RESULTS Out of 274 genes, we found 13 genes were variable depending on disease outcome, especially iron regulating OMP genes. H. pylori strains from Mongolia were divided into two main subgroups: subgroup (Sg1) with high risk and Sg2 with low risk for gastric cancer. The general characteristics of Sg1 strains are that they possess more virulence genotype genes. We found nine non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in seven genes that are linked with gastric cancer strains. CONCLUSIONS Highly virulent H. pylori strains may adapt through host-influenced genomic variations, potentially impacting gastric carcinogenesis.
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Grants
- 18KK0266, 19H03473, 21H00346, 22H02871, 17K09353, 21K07898, 18K16182, 21K08010 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 2021B13 Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University
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Affiliation(s)
- Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Ricky Indra Alfaray
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Khasag Oyuntsetseg
- Endoscopy Center, Mongolia Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (K.O.); (B.G.)
| | - Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Endoscopy Center, Mongolia Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (K.O.); (B.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Ayush Khangai
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Namsrai Renchinsengee
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Junko Akada
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Dashdorj Azzaya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Duger Davaadorj
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
- The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases (RCGLID), Oita University, Yufu 870-1192, Oita, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Comparative Genomic Analysis of Statistically Significant Genomic Islands of Helicobacter pylori strains for better understanding the disease prognosis. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:230988. [PMID: 35258077 PMCID: PMC8935386 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial virulence factors are often located in their genomic islands (GIs). Helicobacter pylori, a highly diverse organism is reported to be associated with several gastrointestinal diseases like, gastritis, gastric cancer, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer etc. A novel similarity score-based comparative analysis with GIs of fifty H. pylori strains revealed clear idea of the various factors which promote disease progression. Two putative pathogenic GIs in some of the H. pylori strains were identified. One GI, having a putative labile enterotoxin and other dynamin-like proteins (DLPs), is predicted to increase the release of toxin by membrane vesicular formation. Another island contains a virulence-associated protein D (vapD) which is a component of a type-II toxin-antitoxin system (TAs), leads to enhance the severity of the H. pylori infection. Besides the well-known virulence factors like CagA, and VacA, several GIs have been identified which showed to have direct or indirect impact on H. pylori clinical outcomes. One such GI, containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis genes was revealed to be directly connected with disease development by inhibiting the immune response. Another collagenase-containing GI worsens ulcers by slowing down the healing process. GI consisted of fliD operon was found to be connected to flagellar assembly and biofilm production. By residing in biofilms, bacteria can avoid antibiotic therapy, resulting in chronic infection. Along with well-studied CagA and VacA virulent genes, it is equally important to study these identified virulence factors for better understanding H. pylori induced disease prognosis.
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Senchukova MA, Tomchuk O, Shurygina EI. Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer: Features of infection and their correlations with long-term results of treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6290-6305. [PMID: 34712033 PMCID: PMC8515796 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i37.6290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral-shaped bacterium responsible for the development of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer (GC), and MALT-lymphoma of the stomach. H. pylori can be present in the gastric mucosa (GM) in both spiral and coccoid forms. However, it is not known whether the severity of GM contamination by various vegetative forms of H. pylori is associated with clinical and morphological characteristics and long-term results of GC treatment.
AIM To establish the features of H. pylori infection in patients with GC and their correlations with clinical and morphological characteristics of diseases and long-term results of treatment.
METHODS Of 109 patients with GC were included in a prospective cohort study. H. pylori in the GM and tumor was determined by rapid urease test and by immunohistochemically using the antibody to H. pylori. The results obtained were compared with the clinical and morphological characteristics and prognosis of GC. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software.
RESULTS H. pylori was detected in the adjacent to the tumor GM in 84.5% of cases, of which a high degree of contamination was noted in 50.4% of the samples. Coccoid forms of H. pylori were detected in 93.4% of infected patients, and only coccoid-in 68.9%. It was found that a high degree of GM contamination by the coccoid forms of H. pylori was observed significantly more often in diffuse type of GC (P = 0.024), in poorly differentiated GC (P = 0.011), in stage T3-4 (P = 0.04) and in N1 (P = 0.011). In cases of moderate and marked concentrations of H. pylori in GM, a decrease in 10-year relapse free and overall survival from 55.6% to 26.3% was observed (P = 0.02 and P = 0.07, respectively). The relationship between the severity of the GM contamination by the spiral-shaped forms of H. pylori and the clinical and morphological characteristics and prognosis of GC was not revealed.
CONCLUSION The data obtained indicates that H. pylori may be associated not only with induction but also with the progression of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Olesya Tomchuk
- Department of Histology, Cytology, Embryology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Elena I Shurygina
- Department of Pathology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia
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Krzyżek P. Toxin-Antitoxin Systems - A New Player in Morphological Transformation of Antibiotic-Exposed Helicobacter pylori? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:670677. [PMID: 33981631 PMCID: PMC8108984 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.670677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krzyżek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Soluri MF, Puccio S, Caredda G, Edomi P, D’Elios MM, Cianchi F, Troilo A, Santoro C, Sblattero D, Peano C. Defining the Helicobacter pylori Disease-Specific Antigenic Repertoire. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1551. [PMID: 32849324 PMCID: PMC7396715 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of the interaction between Helicobacter pylori (HP) and the host in vivo is an extremely informative way to enlighten the molecular mechanisms behind the persistency/latency of the bacterium as well as in the progression of the infection. An important source of information is represented by circulating antibodies targeting the bacteria that define a specific "disease signature" with prospective diagnostic implications. The diagnosis of some of the HP induced diseases such as gastric cancer (GC), MALT lymphoma (MALT), and autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is not easy because patients do not show symptoms of illness in early-onset stages, at the same time they progress rapidly. The possibility of identifying markers able to provide an early diagnosis would be extremely beneficial since a late diagnosis results in a delay in undergoing active therapy and reduces the survival rate of patients. With the aim to identify the HP antigens recognized during the host immune-response to the infection and possibly disease progression, we applied a discovery-driven approach, that combines "phage display" and deep sequencing. The procedure is based on the selection of ORF phage libraries, specifically generated from the pathogen's genome, with sera antibodies from patients with different HP-related diseases. To this end two phage display libraries have been constructed starting from genomic DNA from the reference HP 26695 and the pathogenic HP B128 strains; libraries were filtered for ORFs by using an ORF selection vector developed by our group (Di Niro et al., 2005; Soluri et al., 2018), selected with antibodies from patients affected by GC, MALT, and AIG and putative HP antigens/epitopes were identified after Sequencing and ranking. The results show that individual selection significantly reduced the library diversity and comparison of individual ranks for each condition allowed us to highlight a pattern of putative antigens specific for the different pathological outcomes or common for all of them. Within the putative antigens enriched after selection, we have validated protein CagY/Cag7 by ELISA assay as a marker of HP infection and progression. Overall, we have defined HP antigenic repertoire and identified a panel of putative specific antigens/epitopes for three different HP infection pathological outcomes that could be validated in the next future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Soluri
- Department of Health Sciences & IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Puccio
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giada Caredda
- Department of Excellence in Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Edomi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D’Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Troilo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Santoro
- Department of Health Sciences & IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Clelia Peano
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
- Genomic Unit, IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
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