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Pienaar PR, Roden LC, Boot CRL, van Mechelen W, Suter JA, Lambert EV, Rae DE. Associations between habitual sleep characteristics and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives. Sleep Health 2024; 10:550-557. [PMID: 39179463 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Corporate executive job demands may lead to poor sleep habits, increasing their risk for cardiometabolic disease. This study aimed to describe and explore associations between objectively measured habitual sleep characteristics and cardiometabolic disease risk of corporate executives, while accounting for occupational, psychological, and lifestyle factors. METHODS Habitual sleep was measured using wrist-worn actigraphy and a sleep diary over seven consecutive days in 61 (68.3% men) corporate executives aged 46.4 ± 8.7years. A composite cardiometabolic disease risk score was determined using body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure and fasting glucose and lipid concentrations. Prediction models were built using a backward stepwise selection approach to explore associations between sleep characteristics and cardiometabolic disease risk factors adjusting for occupational, psychological, and lifestyle covariates. RESULTS Average total sleep time was 6.60 ± 0.75 hours, with 51.7% of participants reporting poor sleep quality and 26.2% extending their weekend sleep. Adjusted models showed that lower sleep efficiency (β = -0.25, 95%CI: -0.43; -0.08, P = .006), shorter weekday total sleep time (β = -1.37, 95% CI: -2.41, -0.32; P = .011) and catch-up sleep (β = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.08, 1.60, P = .002) were associated with higher cardiometabolic disease risk scores. Adjusted models also found that shorter average time-in-bed (ß=-2.00, 95%CI: -3.76; -0.18, P = .031), average total sleep time (ß=1.98, 95%CI: -3.70; -0.25, P = .025) and weekday total sleep time (β = -2.13, 95%CI: -3.56; -0.69, P = .025) as well as catch-up sleep (β = 1.67, 95% CI: 0.52; 2.83; P = .012) were all associated with a higher body mass index. CONCLUSION Corporate executives who compromise sleep duration during the working week may increase their risk for obesity and future cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula R Pienaar
- Health through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre & Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public & Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura C Roden
- Health through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre & Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Cécile R L Boot
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public & Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Health through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre & Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public & Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Center of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jason A Suter
- Health through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre & Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Health through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre & Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dale E Rae
- Health through Physical Activity Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre & Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Johansson H, Johannessen A, Holm M, Forsberg B, Schlünssen V, Jõgi R, Clausen M, Lindberg E, Malinovschi A, Emilsson ÖI. Prevalence, progression and impact of chronic cough on employment in Northern Europe. Eur Respir J 2021; 57:13993003.03344-2020. [PMID: 33303532 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03344-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence of chronic cough and its association with work ability and sick leave in the general population.Data were analysed from the Respiratory Health In Northern Europe (RHINE) III cohort (n=13 500), of which 11 252 participants had also participated in RHINE II 10 years earlier, a multicentre study in Northern Europe. Participants answered a questionnaire on chronic cough, employment factors, smoking and respiratory comorbidities.Nonproductive chronic cough was found in 7% and productive chronic cough in 9% of the participants. Participants with nonproductive cough were more often female and participants with productive cough were more often smokers and had a higher body mass index (BMI) than those without cough. Participants with chronic cough more often reported >7 days of sick leave in the preceding year than those without cough ("nonproductive cough" 21% and "productive cough" 24%; p<0.001 for comparisons with "no cough" 13%). This pattern was consistent after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, education level, smoking status and comorbidities. Participants with chronic cough at baseline reported lower work ability and more often had >7 days of sick leave at follow-up than those without cough. These associations remained significant after adjusting for cough at follow-up and other confounding factors.Chronic cough was found in around one in six participants and was associated with more sick leave. Chronic cough 10 years earlier was associated with lower work ability and sick leave at follow-up. These associations were not explained by studied comorbidities. This indication of negative effects on employment from chronic cough needs to be recognised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Johansson
- Dept of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Clinical Physiology, Dept of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Dept of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Dept of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Sustainable Health, Dept of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Dept of Public Health, Section for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rain Jõgi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael Clausen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Dept of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Clinical Physiology, Dept of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Össur Ingi Emilsson
- Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Dept of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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