1
|
Maingi FM, Akutse KS, Ajene IJ, Omolo KM, Khamis FM. Immunological responses and gut microbial shifts in Phthorimaea absoluta exposed to Metarhizium anisopliae isolates under different temperature regimes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1258662. [PMID: 38029135 PMCID: PMC10666277 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The invasive tomato leaf miner, Phthorimaea absoluta, is conventionally controlled through chemical insecticides. However, the rise of insecticide resistance has necessitated sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have shown potential due to their ability to overcome resistance and have minimal impact on non-target organisms. Despite this potential, the precise physiological mechanisms by which EPF acts on insect pests remain poorly understood. To attain a comprehensive understanding of the complex physiological processes that drive the successful control of P. absoluta adults through EPF, we investigated the impacts of different Metarhizium anisopliae isolates (ICIPE 665, ICIPE 20, ICIPE 18) on the pest's survival, cellular immune responses, and gut microbiota under varying temperatures. The study unveiled that ICIPE 18 caused the highest mortality rate among P. absoluta moths, while ICIPE 20 exhibited the highest significant reduction in total hemocyte counts after 10 days at 25°C. Moreover, both isolates elicited notable shifts in P. absoluta's gut microbiota. Our findings revealed that ICIPE 18 and ICIPE 20 compromised the pest's defense and physiological functions, demonstrating their potential as biocontrol agents against P. absoluta in tomato production systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Muendo Maingi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Komivi Senyo Akutse
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Unit for Environment Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Inusa Jacob Ajene
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kevin Mbogo Omolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ajene IJ, Khamis FM, van Asch B, Pietersen G, Seid N, Wairimu AW, Ombura FL, Akutse KS, Sétamou M, Subramanian S, Mohammed S, Ekesi S. Genetic diversity of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) unravels phylogeographic structure and invasion history of eastern African populations. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9090. [PMID: 35866018 PMCID: PMC9289372 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) is a key pest of Citrus sp. worldwide, as it acts as a vector for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterial pathogen that causes citrus Huanglongbing. Diaphorina citri has been reported in Kenya, Tanzania, and more recently in Ethiopia. This study assessed the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of the pest to gain insights into the potential sources of its introduction into Africa. Population structure and differentiation of D. citri populations from China, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and the USA were assessed using 10 microsatellite loci. Additionally, five new complete mitogenomes of D. citri collected in China, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and the USA were analyzed in the context of publicly available sequences. Genotype data grouped the D. citri populations from Kenya and Tanzania in one cluster, and those from Ethiopia formed a separate cluster. The two genetic clusters inferred from genotype data were congruent with mitochondrial sequence data. The mitogenomes from Kenya/Tanzania/China had 99.0% similarity, and the Ethiopia/USA had 99.9% similarity. In conclusion, D. citri populations in eastern Africa have different sources, as the Kenyan and Tanzanian populations probably originated from southeastern Asia, while the Ethiopian population most probably originated from the Americas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inusa Jacob Ajene
- Department of Crop ProtectionFaculty of Agriculture Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria
- International Center of Insect Physiology and EcologyNairobiKenya
- Department of GeneticsStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | | | - Barbara van Asch
- Department of GeneticsStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Gerhard Pietersen
- Department of GeneticsStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Nurhussen Seid
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural ResearchAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Samira Mohammed
- International Center of Insect Physiology and EcologyNairobiKenya
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Center of Insect Physiology and EcologyNairobiKenya
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aidoo OF, Souza PGC, da Silva RS, Santana PA, Picanço MC, Kyerematen R, Sètamou M, Ekesi S, Borgemeister C. Climate-induced range shifts of invasive species (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2534-2549. [PMID: 35332664 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is a destructive, invasive species that poses a serious threat to the citrus industry wherever it occurs. The psyllid vectors the phloem-limited bacteria 'Candidatus Liberibacter americanus' and 'Ca. L. asiaticus', causal agents of the incurable citrus greening disease or huanglongbing (HLB). It is essential to understand which regions and areas are suitable for colonization by ACP to formulate appropriate policy and preventive measures. Considering its biology and ecology, we used a machine learning algorithm based on the MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy) principle, to predict the potential global distribution of ACP using bioclimatic variables and elevation. RESULTS The model predictions are consistent with the known distribution of ACP and also highlight the potential occurrence outside its current ecological range, that is, primarily in Africa, Asia and the Americas. The most important abiotic variables driving the global distribution of ACP were annual mean temperature, seasonality of temperature and annual precipitation. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the need for international collaboration in slowing the spread of invasive pests like D. citri. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owusu Fordjour Aidoo
- Department of Biological, Physical and Mathematical Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development (UESD), Somanya, Ghana
- Institute of Teacher Education and Continuing Professional Development (ITECPD), University of Education (UEW), Winneba, Ghana
| | | | - Ricardo Siqueira da Silva
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rosina Kyerematen
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Sciences (DABCS), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mamoudou Sètamou
- Citrus Center, Texas A & M University-Kingsville, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ashraf HJ, Ramos Aguila LC, Akutse KS, Ilyas M, Abbasi A, Li X, Wang L. Comparative microbiome analysis of Diaphorina citri and its associated parasitoids Tamarixia radiata and Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis reveals Wolbachia as a dominant endosymbiont. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:1638-1652. [PMID: 35229443 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbiome analysis in a host-parasitoid interaction network was conducted to compare the taxonomic composition of bacterial communities of Diaphornia citri, Tamarixia radiata, and Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis. The comparative analysis revealed differences in the composition and diversity of the symbiont populations across the host and its associated parasitoids. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum, representing 67.80% of the total bacterial community, while Candidatus Profftella armature and Wolbachia were the dominant genera across the host and parasitoids. There were clear differences observed in alpha and beta diversity of microbiota through the host and its associated parasitoids. The function prediction of bacterial communities and Pearson correlation analysis showed that specific bacterial communities displayed positive correlations with the carbohydrate metabolism pathway. Furthermore, when symbiotic bacteria were eliminated using a broad-spectrum antibiotic, tetracycline hydrochloride, the parasitoids' median survival time and longevity were significantly reduced. We confirmed the physiological effects of symbiotic bacteria on the fitness of parasitoids and demonstrated the effect of antibiotics in decreasing the food intake and measurement of amino acids in the hemolymph. This study sheds light on basic information about the mutualism between parasitoids and bacteria, which may be a potential source for biocontrol strategies for citrus psyllid, especially D. citri. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Javaria Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Komivi Senyo Akutse
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Department of Management Science and Engineering, School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Asim Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, University of Central Punjab, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liande Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
da Graça JV, Cook G, Ajene IJ, Grout TG, Pietersen G, Roberts R, Bester R, Pretorius MC, Maree HJ. A Review of the ' Candidatus Liberibacter africanus' Citrus Pathosystem in Africa. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:44-54. [PMID: 34503351 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-21-0296-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It has been nearly 100 years since citrus growers in two distinct regions in the northern provinces of South Africa noticed unusual symptoms in their citrus trees, causing significant crop losses. They had no idea that these symptoms would later become part of an almost global pandemic of a disease called greening or huanglongbing (HLB). The rapid spread of the disease indicated that it might be caused by a transmissible pathogen, but it took >50 years to identify the causative agent as 'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus'. Recently, the disease appeared in more African countries, spreading by both infected planting material and Trioza erytreae. To date, five 'Ca. L. africanus' subspecies have been identified in various rutaceous species, with 'Ca. L. africanus subsp. clausenae' the only subspecies for which a biovar was detected in citrus. Efforts to detect and differentiate HLB-causing Liberibacter species are ongoing, and recent developments are discussed here. This review focuses on aspects of the African form of HLB, including its specific bacterial species and subspecies, its main insect vector, its geographic distribution, and current management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John V da Graça
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX, U.S.A
| | - Glynnis Cook
- Citrus Research International, Mbombela, South Africa
| | - Inusa J Ajene
- Department of Crop Protection, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Tim G Grout
- Citrus Research International, Mbombela, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Pietersen
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ronel Roberts
- Agricultural Research Council, Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Mbombela, South Africa
| | - Rachelle Bester
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Citrus Research International, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Hans J Maree
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Citrus Research International, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mitochondrial genomes reveal diverse lineages of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psyllidae) in Kenya and La Réunion. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|