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Mathias-Ramwell M, Pavez V, Meneses M, Fernández F, Valdés A, Lobos I, Silva M, Saldaña R, Hinrichsen P. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1298591. [PMID: 38179484 PMCID: PMC10764548 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1298591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Oats are known for their nutritional value and also for their beneficial properties on human health, such as the reduction of cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease; they are an important export product for Chile. During the last decade (2010-2022) over 90% of the oat cultivated area in Chile has been covered with Avena sativa L. cv. Supernova INIA. This lack of genetic diversity in a context of climate change could limit the long-term possibility of growing oats in Chile. The present study is a phenotypic and genetic analysis of 132 oat cultivars and pure lines of diverse origin that can be considered as potential breeding material. The germplasm was evaluated for 28 traits and analyzed with 14 SSR markers. The effects of genotypes on phenotype were significant over all traits (P ≤ 0.05). Most traits exhibited moderate to high broad-sense heritability with exceptions such as yield (H2 = 0.27) and hulls staining (H2 = 0.32). Significant undesirable correlations between traits were generally of small biological importance, which is auspicious for achieving breeding objectives. Some of the heritability data and correlations provided here have not been previously reported. The overall phenotypic diversity was high (H' = 0.68 ± 0.18). The germplasm was grouped into three phenotypic clusters, differing in their qualities for breeding. Twenty-six genotypes outperforming Supernova INIA were identified for breeding of conventional food-oats. The genetic diversity of the germplasm was moderate on average (He = 0.58 ± 0.03), varying between 0.32 (AM22) and 0.77 (AME178). Two genetic subpopulations supported by the Structure algorithm exhibited a genetic distance of 0.24, showing low divergence of the germplasm. The diversity and phenotypic values found in this collection of oat genotypes are promising with respect to obtaining genetic gain in the short term in breeding programs. However, the similar genetic diversity, higher phenotypic diversity, and better phenotypic performance of the germplasm created in Chile compared to foreign germplasm suggest that germplasm harboring new genetic diversity will be key to favor yield and quality in new oat cultivars in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Mathias-Ramwell
- Programa de mejoramiento genético de avena, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de Investigación Carillanca, Temuco, Chile
| | - Valentina Pavez
- Laboratorio de Análisis Genético, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Meneses
- Laboratorio de Análisis Genético, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Feledino Fernández
- Programa de mejoramiento genético de avena, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de Investigación Carillanca, Temuco, Chile
| | - Adriana Valdés
- Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Iris Lobos
- Laboratorio de Espectroscopía Infrarrojo Cercano, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación Remehue, Osorno, Chile
| | - Mariela Silva
- Laboratorio de Espectroscopía Infrarrojo Cercano, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación Remehue, Osorno, Chile
| | - Rodolfo Saldaña
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Animal y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación Remehue, Osorno, Chile
| | - Patricio Hinrichsen
- Laboratorio de Análisis Genético, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, Chile
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Khan MIR, Nazir F, Maheshwari C, Chopra P, Chhillar H, Sreenivasulu N. Mineral nutrients in plants under changing environments: A road to future food and nutrition security. THE PLANT GENOME 2023; 16:e20362. [PMID: 37480222 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant nutrition is an important aspect that contributes significantly to sustainable agriculture, whereas minerals enrichment in edible source implies global human health; hence, both strategies need to be bridged to ensure "One Health" strategies. Abiotic stress-induced nutritional imbalance impairs plant growth. In this context, we discuss the molecular mechanisms related to the readjustment of nutrient pools for sustained plant growth under harsh conditions, and channeling the minerals to edible source (seeds) to address future nutritional security. This review particularly highlights interventions on (i) the physiological and molecular responses of mineral nutrients in crop plants under stressful environments; (ii) the deployment of breeding and biotechnological strategies for the optimization of nutrient acquisition, their transport, and distribution in plants under changing environments. Furthermore, the present review also infers the recent advancements in breeding and biotechnology-based biofortification approaches for nutrient enhancement in crop plants to optimize yield and grain mineral concentrations under control and stress-prone environments to address food and nutritional security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faroza Nazir
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Rice Breeding and Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines
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Senguttuvel P, G P, C J, D SR, CN N, V J, P B, R G, J AK, SV SP, LV SR, AS H, K S, D S, RM S, Govindaraj M. Rice biofortification: breeding and genomic approaches for genetic enhancement of grain zinc and iron contents. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138408. [PMID: 37332714 PMCID: PMC10272457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a highly consumed staple cereal cultivated predominantly in Asian countries, which share 90% of global rice production. Rice is a primary calorie provider for more than 3.5 billion people across the world. Preference and consumption of polished rice have increased manifold, which resulted in the loss of inherent nutrition. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies (Zn and Fe) are major human health challenges in the 21st century. Biofortification of staples is a sustainable approach to alleviating malnutrition. Globally, significant progress has been made in rice for enhancing grain Zn, Fe, and protein. To date, 37 biofortified Fe, Zn, Protein and Provitamin A rich rice varieties are available for commercial cultivation (16 from India and 21 from the rest of the world; Fe > 10 mg/kg, Zn > 24 mg/kg, protein > 10% in polished rice as India target while Zn > 28 mg/kg in polished rice as international target). However, understanding the micronutrient genetics, mechanisms of uptake, translocation, and bioavailability are the prime areas that need to be strengthened. The successful development of these lines through integrated-genomic technologies can accelerate deployment and scaling in future breeding programs to address the key challenges of malnutrition and hidden hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Senguttuvel
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Padmavathi G
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Jasmine C
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
- Genetics and Plant Breeding, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanjeeva Rao D
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Neeraja CN
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Jaldhani V
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Beulah P
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Gobinath R
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Aravind Kumar J
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sai Prasad SV
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Subba Rao LV
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Hariprasad AS
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sruthi K
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shivani D
- Genetics and Plant Breeding, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sundaram RM
- Crop Improvement Section, ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR - IIRR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- HarvestPlus, Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
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Zulfiqar A, Naseer S, Saleem A, Ahmed S, Sardar R. Genetic diversity studies for grain iron and zinc content analysis for Elite rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotype by using SSR markers. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Liu Y, Fang X, Tang T, Wang Y, Wu Y, Luo J, Wu H, Wang Y, Zhang J, Ruan R, Zhou M, Zhang K, Yi Z. Inflorescence Transcriptome Sequencing and Development of New EST-SSR Markers in Common Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:742. [PMID: 35336623 PMCID: PMC8950064 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.) is known for its adaptability, good nutrition, and medicinal and health care value. However, genetic studies of buckwheat have been hindered by limited genomic resources and genetic markers. In this study, Illumina HiSeq 4000 high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of green-flower common buckwheat (Gr) with coarse pedicels and white-flower Ukrainian daliqiao (UD) with fine pedicels. A total of 118,448 unigenes were obtained, with an average length of 1248 bp and an N50 of 1850 bp. A total of 39,432 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and the DEGs of the porphyrins and chlorophyll metabolic pathway had significantly upregulated expression in Gr. Then, a total of 17,579 sequences containing SSR loci were detected, and 20,756 EST-SSR loci were found. The distribution frequency of EST-SSR in the transcriptome was 17.52%, and the average distribution density was 8.21 kb. A total of 224 pairs of primers were randomly selected for synthesis; 35 varieties of common buckwheat and 13 varieties of Tartary buckwheat were verified through these primers. The clustering results well verified the previous conclusion that common buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat had a distant genetic relationship. The EST-SSR markers identified and developed in this study will be helpful to enrich the transcriptome information and marker-assisted selection breeding of buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Xiaomei Fang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Tian Tang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Yudong Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Yinhuan Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Jinyu Luo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Haotian Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Yingqian Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Renwu Ruan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Zelin Yi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (Y.L.); (X.F.); (T.T.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (R.R.)
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Sanghamitra P, Bose LK, Bagchi TB, Kumar A, Roy PS, Moharana N, Patra BC, Padmavati G, Chattopadhyay K. Characterization and exploring genetic potential of landraces from Odisha with special emphasis on grain micronutrient content for benefaction of biofortification in rice. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:203-221. [PMID: 35221580 PMCID: PMC8847517 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Assessing genetic variability of micronutrient content in association with qualitative and quantitative traits in germplasm is prerequisite for effective biofortification programme. Odisha, a state of eastern India is considered as one of the most potential hot spot of diversity of cultivated rice for grain yield and nutritional traits. Significant variability for most of the qualitative and quantitative traits including Fe and Zn content was observed in a set of 293 germplasm with varying kernel colour encompassing 14 districts of Odisha. Mostly these landraces were low yielding with some exception (Haldigundi: AC 36454, 50.08 g/plant). These landraces were mostly represented by medium Fe (10-20 ppm)-medium Zn group (20-30 ppm). Fe and Zn content had positive association with each other and also with grain size. Landraces with red kernel colour were observed to have slightly higher average Zn content (26.30 ppm) as compared to white (25.87 ppm) grains. Diversity analysis of 14 districts revealed that Nayagarh, a south-eastern district was rich in Fe content while Deogarh, Keonjhar and Mayurbhanj, all north-western districts were rich in Zn content. This study identified 10 superior micronutrient dense genotypes with medium to high Fe and Zn content. This set of donors for micronutrient content was validated in another year. Champeisiali (AC 43368) and Gedemalati (AC 34306) with highest Fe (44.1 ppm) and Zn (40.48 ppm) content, respectively were detected over the environments. Identified donors and associated traits could be utilized in biofortificaion programme using appropriate breeding methodologies for enhancing micronutrients in high yielding background. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01119-7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lotan Kumar Bose
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | | | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | | | - Nutan Moharana
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006 India
| | | | - G. Padmavati
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
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Iqbal Z, Iqbal MS, Khan MIR, Ansari MI. Toward Integrated Multi-Omics Intervention: Rice Trait Improvement and Stress Management. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:741419. [PMID: 34721467 PMCID: PMC8554098 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.741419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is an imperative staple crop for nearly half of the world's population. Challenging environmental conditions encompassing abiotic and biotic stresses negatively impact the quality and yield of rice. To assure food supply for the unprecedented ever-growing world population, the improvement of rice as a crop is of utmost importance. In this era, "omics" techniques have been comprehensively utilized to decipher the regulatory mechanisms and cellular intricacies in rice. Advancements in omics technologies have provided a strong platform for the reliable exploration of genetic resources involved in rice trait development. Omics disciplines like genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have significantly contributed toward the achievement of desired improvements in rice under optimal and stressful environments. The present review recapitulates the basic and applied multi-omics technologies in providing new orchestration toward the improvement of rice desirable traits. The article also provides a catalog of current scenario of omics applications in comprehending this imperative crop in relation to yield enhancement and various environmental stresses. Further, the appropriate databases in the field of data science to analyze big data, and retrieve relevant information vis-à-vis rice trait improvement and stress management are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Iqbal
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Genetic Diversity of Ancient Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze in Sandu County of Guizhou Province in China. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13060276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ancient tea plant germplasm is an important resource for breeding new tea plant varieties and has great economic value. However, due to man-made and natural disturbances, it has become endangered. In order to have a better management of the conserved tea plant germplasm, it is a requirement to understand the genetic and phenotypic diversity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic and phenotypic diversity of 145 ancient tea plant germplasm resources from five populations in Sandu County of Guizhou province in China. To explore the population genetics of tea plant, we successfully identified 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, which were highly polymorphic. Additionally, we applied traditional phenotypic methods to evaluate the tea plant diversity. The results suggested that the genetic and phenotypic diversity were relatively high. A total of 96 alleles were identified, and the mean polymorphic information content (PIC) value was found to be 0.66. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within the populations was greater than among the populations. Overall, our results are the valuable baseline data in developing more efficient management and breeding plans for one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverage crops, the tea plant species.
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