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Trotta MC, Gesualdo C, Russo M, Lepre CC, Petrillo F, Vastarella MG, Nicoletti M, Simonelli F, Hermenean A, D’Amico M, Rossi S. Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:118. [PMID: 38256379 PMCID: PMC10820226 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The role and the levels of ghrelin in diabetes-induced retinal damage have not yet been explored. The present study aimed to measure the serum levels of total ghrelin (TG), and its acylated (AG) and des-acylated (DAG) forms in patients with the two stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative (PDR). Moreover, the correlation between serum ghrelin and neutrophil elastase (NE) levels was investigated. Materials and Methods: The serum markers were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 12 non-diabetic subjects (CTRL), 15 diabetic patients without DR (Diabetic), 15 patients with NPDR, and 15 patients with PDR. Results: TG and AG serum levels were significantly decreased in Diabetic (respectively, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 vs. CTRL), NPDR (p < 0.01 vs. Diabetic), and in PDR patients (p < 0.01 vs. NPDR). AG serum levels were inversely associated with DR abnormalities (microhemorrhages, microaneurysms, and exudates) progression (r = -0.83, p < 0.01), serum neutrophil percentage (r = -0.74, p < 0.01), and serum NE levels (r = -0.73, p < 0.01). The latter were significantly increased in the Diabetic (p < 0.05 vs. CTRL), NPDR (p < 0.01 vs. Diabetic), and PDR (p < 0.01 vs. PDR) groups. Conclusions: The two DR stages were characterized by decreased AG and increased NE levels. In particular, serum AG levels were lower in PDR compared to NPDR patients, and serum NE levels were higher in the PDR vs. the NPDR group. Together with the greater presence of retinal abnormalities, this could underline a distinctive role of AG in PDR compared to NPDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (C.C.L.); (F.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Carlo Gesualdo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (M.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Marina Russo
- PhD Course in National Interest in Public Administration and Innovation for Disability and Social Inclusion, Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- School of Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Claudia Lepre
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (C.C.L.); (F.P.); (M.D.)
- PhD Course in Translational Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Petrillo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (C.C.L.); (F.P.); (M.D.)
- PhD Course in Translational Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Giovanna Vastarella
- PhD Course in Translational Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maddalena Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (M.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (M.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310144 Arad, Romania;
| | - Michele D’Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.T.); (C.C.L.); (F.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.G.); (M.N.); (F.S.)
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Araújo COD, Pedroso AP, Boldarine VT, Fernandes AMAP, Perez JJM, Montenegro RM, Montenegro APDR, de Carvalho AB, Fernandes VO, Oyama LM, Carvalho PO, Maia CSC, Bueno AA, Ribeiro EB, Telles MM. Plasma signatures of Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy patients identified by untargeted lipidomic profiling are not changed after a fat-containing breakfast meal. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 196:102584. [PMID: 37573715 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incapacity to store lipids in adipose tissue in Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) causes hypoleptinemia, increased appetite, ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity. CGL patients experience shortened life expectancy. The plasma lipidomic profile has not been characterized fully in CGL, nor has the extent of dietary intake in its modulation. The present work investigated the plasma lipidomic profile of CGL patients in comparison to eutrophic individuals at the fasted state and after a breakfast meal. METHOD Blood samples from 11 CGL patients and 10 eutrophic controls were collected after 12 h fasting (T0) and 90 min after an ad libitum fat-containing breakfast (T90). The lipidomic profile of extracted plasma lipids was characterized by non-target liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS Important differences between groups were observed at T0 and at T90. Several molecular species of fatty acyls, glycerolipids, sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids were altered in CGL. All the detected fatty acyl molecular species, several diacylglycerols and one triacylglycerol species were upregulated in CGL. Among sphingolipids, one sphingomyelin and one glycosphingolipid species showed downregulation in CGL. Alterations in the glycerophospholipids glycerophosphoethanolamines, glycerophosphoserines and cardiolipins were more complex. Interestingly, when comparing T90 versus T0, the lipidomic profile in CGL did not change as intensely as it did for control participants. CONCLUSIONS The present study found profound alterations in the plasma lipidomic profile of complex lipids in CGL patients as compared to control subjects. A fat-containing breakfast meal did not appear to significantly influence the CGL profile observed in the fasted state. Our study may have implications for clinical practice, also aiding to a deeper comprehension of the role of complex lipids in CGL in view of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla O D Araújo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Pedroso
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valter T Boldarine
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Maria A P Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - José J M Perez
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan M Montenegro
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula D R Montenegro
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Annelise B de Carvalho
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Virgínia O Fernandes
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lila M Oyama
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia O Carvalho
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla S C Maia
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Campus do Itaperi, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Allain A Bueno
- College of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Worcester, Worcester WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Eliane B Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica M Telles
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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