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Duda MP, Grooms C, Sympson L, Blais JM, Dagodzo D, Feng W, Hayward KM, Julius ML, Kimpe LE, Lambertucci SA, Layton-Matthews D, Lougheed SC, Massaferro J, Michelutti N, Pufahl PK, Vuletich A, Smol JP. A 2200-year record of Andean Condor diet and nest site usage reflects natural and anthropogenic stressors. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230106. [PMID: 37132237 PMCID: PMC10154929 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how animals respond to large-scale environmental changes is difficult to achieve because monitoring data are rarely available for more than the past few decades, if at all. Here, we demonstrate how a variety of palaeoecological proxies (e.g. isotopes, geochemistry and DNA) from an Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus) guano deposit from Argentina can be used to explore breeding site fidelity and the impacts of environmental changes on avian behaviour. We found that condors used the nesting site since at least approximately 2200 years ago, with an approximately 1000-year nesting frequency slowdown from ca 1650 to 650 years before the present (yr BP). We provide evidence that the nesting slowdown coincided with a period of increased volcanic activity in the nearby Southern Volcanic Zone, which resulted in decreased availability of carrion and deterred scavenging birds. After returning to the nest site ca 650 yr BP, condor diet shifted from the carrion of native species and beached marine animals to the carrion of livestock (e.g. sheep and cattle) and exotic herbivores (e.g. red deer and European hare) introduced by European settlers. Currently, Andean Condors have elevated lead concentrations in their guano compared to the past, which is associated with human persecution linked to the shift in diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Duda
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Christopher Grooms
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Lorenzo Sympson
- Sociedad Naturalista Andino Patagónica (SNAP), R8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Jules M. Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Daniel Dagodzo
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Wenxi Feng
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Kristen M. Hayward
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Matthew L. Julius
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN 56301, USA
| | - Linda E. Kimpe
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Sergio A. Lambertucci
- Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación, Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, R8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Daniel Layton-Matthews
- Queen's Facility for Isotope Research (QFIR), Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Stephen C. Lougheed
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Julieta Massaferro
- CENAC/APN, National Park Administration – National Research Council (CONICET), R8400 Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Neal Michelutti
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Peir K. Pufahl
- Queen's Facility for Isotope Research (QFIR), Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - April Vuletich
- Queen's Facility for Isotope Research (QFIR), Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - John P. Smol
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6
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Pavé R, Schierloh P, Chambi M, Piccirilli MG, Ulman S, Saavedra S, Cisterna DM, Caraballo DA. Morphological and molecular analyses confirm the presence of the newly described bat species Molossus melini in the Espinal ecoregion from Argentina. MAMMAL RES 2023; 68:417-425. [PMID: 37305813 PMCID: PMC9958311 DOI: 10.1007/s13364-023-00679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Until now, Molossus melini was known only from its type locality, in the south of Santa Fe province, Argentina. Specimens of this species were collected in 2021 from a roost in a Fraxinus tree of the urban woodland of Paraná city, Entre Ríos province, Argentina. Bat identification was made by comparing external and cranial characters and measurements with those reported in the bibliography and corroborated by a phylogenetic analysis based on the cytochrome b gene. Also, multivariate morphometric analyses showed that cranial measurements, but not external ones, are informative enough to discriminate M. melini from the other Molossus species in Argentina (M. currentium, M. fluminensis, and M. molossus). This new record extends the distribution of M. melini from the south of Santa Fe province by 230 km to the northeast and represents the first record of the species in the Espinal ecoregion. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13364-023-00679-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Pavé
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Conservación de Tetrápodos, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI, CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pablo Schierloh
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Bioingeniería Y Bioinformática (IBB, UNER-CONICET), Oro Verde, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Micaela Chambi
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón II, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Guadalupe Piccirilli
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Ulman
- Dirección de Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Entre Ríos (MSER), Paraná, Entre Ríos Argentina
| | - Silvina Saavedra
- Subsecretaria de Salud, Secretaría de Ambiente y Acción Climática, Municipalidad de Paraná, Paraná, Entre Ríos Argentina
| | - Daniel M. Cisterna
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego A. Caraballo
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón II, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Identification of coronaviruses in bats and rodents in northern and central Argentina. Arch Virol 2023; 168:78. [PMID: 36740659 PMCID: PMC9899506 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the present pandemic situation and the many animal species that are epidemiologically involved, there has been a surge of renewed interest in investigating the coronavirus (CoV) population circulating in wildlife, especially bats and rodents, which are potential reservoirs of new human pathogens. In Argentina, information about the viruses present in these mammals is very limited. To investigate the presence of coronaviruses in this country, we obtained 457 samples from hematophagous, insectivorous, and frugivorous bats and rodents from two regions of Argentina. We report here the detection of alphacoronavirus sequences in three groups of bats as well as in rodents. Phylogenetic analysis showed the closest relationships to alphacoronaviruses from Brazil.
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Caraballo DA, Sabio MS, Colombo VC, Piccirilli MG, Vico L, Hirmas Riade SM, Campos J, Martínez G, Beltrán F, Baumeister E, Cisterna DM. The Role of Molossidae and Vespertilionidae in Shaping the Diversity of Alphacoronaviruses in the Americas. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0314322. [PMID: 36222689 PMCID: PMC9769993 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03143-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats are reservoirs of diverse coronaviruses (CoVs), including progenitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. In the Americas, there is a contrast between alphacoronaviruses (alphaCoVs) and betaCoVs: while cospeciation prevails in the latter, alphaCoV evolution is dominated by deep and recent host switches. AlphaCoV lineages are maintained by two different bat family groups, Phyllostomidae and Vespertilionidae plus Molossidae. In this study, we used a Bayesian framework to analyze the process of diversification of the lineages maintained by Molossidae and Vespertilionidae, adding novel CoV sequences from Argentina. We provide evidence that the observed CoV diversity in these two bat families is shaped by their geographic distribution and that CoVs exhibit clustering at the level of bat genera. We discuss the causes of the cocirculation of two independent clades in Molossus and Tadarida as well as the role of Myotis as the ancestral host and a major evolutionary reservoir of alphaCoVs across the continent. Although more CoV sampling efforts are needed, these findings contribute to a better knowledge of the diversity of alphaCoVs and the links between bat host species. IMPORTANCE Bats harbor the largest diversity of coronaviruses among mammals. In the Americas, seven alphacoronavirus lineages circulate among bats. Three of these lineages are shared by members of two bat families: Vespertilionidae and Molossidae. Uncovering the relationships between these coronaviruses can help us to understand patterns of cross-species transmission and, ultimately, which hosts are more likely to be involved in spillover events. We found that two different lineages cocirculate among the bat genera Molossus and Tadarida, which share roosts and have common viral variants. The bat genus Myotis functions as a reservoir of coronavirus diversity and, as such, is a key host. Although there were some spillovers recorded, there is a strong host association, showing that once a successful host jump takes place, it is transmitted onward to members of the same bat genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Caraballo
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón II, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María S. Sabio
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria C. Colombo
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - María Guadalupe Piccirilli
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Vico
- Departamento de Zoonosis Urbanas, Avellaneda, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stella Maris Hirmas Riade
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Campos
- Unidad de Genómica y Bioinformática, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Martínez
- Departamento de Zoonosis Urbanas, Avellaneda, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Beltrán
- Instituto de Zoonosis Dr. Luis Pasteur, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elsa Baumeister
- Servicio de Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel M. Cisterna
- Servicio de Neurovirosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS), Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Caraballo DA. Cross-Species Transmission of Bat Coronaviruses in the Americas: Contrasting Patterns between Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0141122. [PMID: 35770987 PMCID: PMC9431099 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01411-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats harbor the largest number of coronavirus (CoV) species among mammals, serving as major reservoirs of alphaCoVs and betaCoVs, which can jump between bat species or to different mammalian hosts, including humans. Bat-CoV diversity is correlated with host taxonomic diversity, with the highest number of CoV species found in areas with the highest levels of bat species richness. Although the Americas harbor a unique and distinctive CoV diversity, no cross-species transmission (CST) or phylogeographic analysis has yet been performed. This study analyzes a large sequence data set from across the Americas through a Bayesian framework to understand how codivergence and cross-species transmission have shaped long-term bat-CoV evolution and ultimately identify bat hosts and regions where the risk of CST is the highest. Substantial levels of CST were found only among alphaCoVs. In contrast, cospeciation prevailed along the evolution of betaCoVs. Brazil is the center of diversification for both alpha and betaCoVs, with the highest levels of bat species richness. The bat family Phyllostomidae has played a key role in the evolution of American bat-CoVs, supported by the highest values of host transition rates. Although the conclusions drawn from this study are supported by biological/ecological evidence, it is likely that novel lineages will be discovered, which could also reveal undetected CSTs given that sequences are available from 11 of the 35 countries encompassing the Americas. The findings of this study can be useful for conducting targeted discovery of bat-CoVs in the region, especially in countries of the Americas with no reported sequences. IMPORTANCE Coronaviruses (CoVs) have a strong zoonotic potential due to their high rates of evolvability and their capacity for overcoming host-specific barriers. Bats harbor the largest number of CoV species among mammals, with the highest CoV diversity found in areas with the highest levels of bat species richness. Understanding their origin and patterns of cross-species transmission is crucial for pandemic preparedness. This study aims to understand how bat-CoVs diversify in the Americas, circulate among and transmit between bat families and genera, and ultimately identify bat hosts and regions where the risk of CoV spillover is the highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Caraballo
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Molecular Evidence Reveals the Sympatric Distribution of Cervus nippon yakushimae and Cervus nippon taiouanus on Jeju Island, South Korea. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12080998. [PMID: 35454244 PMCID: PMC9029077 DOI: 10.3390/ani12080998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-native species threaten native ecosystems and species, particularly on islands where rates of endemism and vulnerability to threats are high. Understanding species invasion will aid in providing insights into ecological and evolutionary processes. To identify the non-native sika deer (Cervus nippon) population in Jeju, South Korea, and their phylogenetic affinities, we collected tissue samples from roadkill and the World Natural Heritage Headquarters in Jeju. Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome B (CytB) gene sequences were analyzed to determine two distinct CytB haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood tree revealed two haplotypes of CytB clustered into two different groups representing two subspecies: C. n. yakushimae, native to Japan, and C. n. taiouanus, native to Taiwan. The tentative divergence time between the two subspecies was estimated at 1.81 million years. Our study confirmed that the two subspecies of sika deer are sympatric in the natural ecosystem of Jeju Island. This study provides valuable information to help government and conservation agencies understand alien species and determine control policies for conserving native biodiversity in South Korea.
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Strong population genetic structure and cryptic diversity in the Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus). CONSERV GENET 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-022-01432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chiropteran (Chiroptera; Mammalia) taxonomy in light of modern methods and approaches. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.20.2.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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