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Babu D, Marotti S, Rowett D, Lim R, Wisdom A, Kalisch Ellett L. What is impacting clinical pharmacists' participation in an interprofessional ward round: a thematic analysis of a national survey. J Interprof Care 2024; 38:444-452. [PMID: 38151971 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2023.2289506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The ward round (WR) is an important opportunity for interprofessional interaction and communication enabling optimal patient care. Pharmacists' participation in the interprofessional WR can reduce adverse drug events and improve medication appropriateness and communication. WR participation by clinical pharmacists in Australia is currently limited. This study aims to explore what is impacting clinical pharmacists' participation in WRs in Australian hospitals. A self-administered, anonymous national survey of Australian clinical pharmacists was conducted. This study describes the outcomes from qualitative questions which were analyzed thematically in NVivo-2020 according to Braun and Clarke's techniques. Five themes were constructed: "Clinical pharmacy service structure", "Ward round structure", "Pharmacist's capabilities", "Culture" and "Value". A culture supportive of pharmacist's contribution with a consistent WR structure and flexible delivery of clinical pharmacy services enabled pharmacists' participation in WR. Being physically "absent" from the WR due to workload, workflow, and self-perception of the need for extensive clinical knowledge can limit opportunities for pharmacists to proactively contribute to medicines decision-making with physicians to improve patient care outcomes. Bidirectional communication between the interprofessional team and the pharmacist, where there is a co-construction of each individual's role in the WR facilitates consistent and inter-dependent collaborations for effective medication management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Babu
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sally Marotti
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Debra Rowett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Renly Lim
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alice Wisdom
- SA Pharmacy, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Kalisch Ellett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Tran VD, Vo TML, Nguyen Di K, Vo QLD, Dewey RS, Pham TT, Tran BK, Pham DT. Job satisfaction of hospital pharmacists in a representative province in Mekong Delta, Vietnam. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291201. [PMID: 37708111 PMCID: PMC10501634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job satisfaction is an important factor affecting job performance and turnover of healthcare workers, especially hospital pharmacists. Nevertheless, limited studies have reported this issue in the context of Vietnam. OBJECTIVES To help maintain the quality and size of the limited hospital pharmacy workforce in Vietnam, especially in the Mekong Delta area, this study investigated the job satisfaction of hospital pharmacists, and the associated factors, in Vinh Long province, a representative province in the central Mekong Delta. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted, recruiting hospital pharmacists working in all 17 province/district-affiliated healthcare facilities across Vinh Long province, Vietnam, between August and September 2022. RESULTS Among the 235 survey participants (representing a response rate of 97.1%), 189 pharmacists (80.4%) reported that they were satisfied with their job. Working conditions, leadership styles, and benefits were factors found to significantly influence job satisfaction. Pharmacists who had worked in the field for 3-5 years (OR = 3.752, 95% CI = 1.036-13.595), more than 5 years (OR = 6.361, 95% CI = 2.264-17.875), did not have additional duties besides their primary responsibilities (OR = 2.046, 95% CI = 1.005-4.163), and worked in a private healthcare facility (OR = 12.021, 95% CI = 1.470-98.316), were significantly more likely to be satisfied with their job. CONCLUSIONS Most hospital pharmacists were satisfied with their current job. To further improve job satisfaction in this population, further improvements to working conditions are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van De Tran
- Department of Health Organization and Management, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Thi My Loan Vo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
- Tam Binh District Health Center, Vinh Long, Vietnam
| | - Khanh Nguyen Di
- Department of Medical Testing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Quang Loc Duyen Vo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Rebecca Susan Dewey
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Trung Tin Pham
- Department of Health Organization and Management, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Ba Kien Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Administration, Hai Duong Central College of Pharmacy, Hai Duong, Vietnam
| | - Duy Toan Pham
- Department of Medical Testing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai, Vietnam
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Elshami S, Awaisu A, Abidi R, Al-Ghazal L, Al-Hathal T, Basil M, Fakhr N, Yakti O, El-Awaisi A, Stewart D, Mraiche F, Diab M, Mukhalalati B. Examining Pharmacy Alumni's Perceptions of Job Satisfaction, Achievements, and Preparedness: A Mixed-Methods Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2023; 87:100059. [PMID: 37288694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a scarcity of research that holistically explores pharmacy alumni's employment experience and their professional performance. Job satisfaction is linked to professionals' productivity and their educational preparedness. This study aimed to explore the professional experiences of the College of Pharmacy-Qatar University alumni. METHODS A convergent mixed-methods design was utilized to examine the alumni's perceptions of job satisfaction, achievements in the workplace, and preparedness for practice through both quantitative and qualitative approaches. This study involved the administration of a pre-tested online questionnaire among all alumni (n = 214) and the conduction of 7 focus groups of which the participants were selected from a heterogeneous purposive sample (n = 87). Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory was applied in both approaches. RESULTS One hundred thirty-six alumni completed the questionnaire (response rate = 63.6%), and 40 alumni attended the focus groups. A good level of job satisfaction was shown (median score = 30 [IQR = 12], [out of 48]). Sources of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction were recognition and limited opportunities for professional growth, respectively. Also, good satisfaction was revealed (median score = 20 [IQR = 21], [out of 56]) with the alumni's ability to attain several achievements (eg, developing pharmacy-related services), which allowed for career success. Moreover, fair agreement concerning the adequacy of the preparedness for practice was indicated (eg, being care providers) (mean = 37 [SD = 7.5], [out of 52]). However, certain aspects, such as the enhancement of non-clinical knowledge, warranted further improvement. CONCLUSION Overall, pharmacy alumni had positive perceptions of their professional experiences. However, alumni's excellence in different pharmacy career prospects needs to be supported throughout their learning experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Elshami
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Awaisu
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ranin Abidi
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lolwa Al-Ghazal
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Turfa Al-Hathal
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mounyah Basil
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nour Fakhr
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ola Yakti
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alla El-Awaisi
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Derek Stewart
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Diab
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Banan Mukhalalati
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Azeez Al-Jumaili A, Elhiny R, Thomas D, Elbarbry F, Khdour M, Sherbeny F, Hamad A. Factors Impacting Job Satisfaction among Pharmacists in the Arab World: A Qualitative Study. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:578-584. [PMID: 37063440 PMCID: PMC10102404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was undertaken to investigate in-depth the factors impacting job satisfaction among pharmacists in the Arab world and the challenges they encounter in their career path. The outcome of this study should help the local policymakers to take corrective actions to improve pharmacist's satisfaction and therefore enhance quality of patient care. Method This qualitative study collected responses of pharmacists from 12 Arab countries, as part of a large quantitative survey. Participants added comments to an optional open-ended question regarding work satisfaction. The Qualtrics Survey Software was used to collect the responses. The survey was distributed from March to May 2021 through multiple online channels for filling. The responses collected were analysed to develop themes. An inductive constructivist approach was used for the conceptual thematic analysis as the methodological orientation. Results A total of 110 responses/comments were received from the study participants. The two largest practice settings of the participants were from hospitals (44.5%) and community pharmacies (28.2%). Almost 40% of responses came from pharmacists practising in Qatar (21.8%) and UAE (18.1%). The survey data demonstrated several reasons impacting job satisfaction among pharmacists practising in the Arab countries. Underestimation of the pharmacists' role, low salaries, lack of motivation and excessive workload were reported as major contributors to job dissatisfaction. On the other hand, professional commitment and the culture of the work setting were the major contributors to job satisfaction. Conclusions The study provides valuable insights into the aspects concerning pharmacists' satisfaction in the Arab world. Policymakers and other stakeholders need to act upon aspects of pharmacists' job satisfaction and dissatisfaction to ensure potentially better working environment and patient outcomes.
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Nguyen TTP, Truong GTH, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen CTT, Dinh DX, Nguyen BT. An instrument for measuring job satisfaction (VIJS): A validation study for community pharmacists in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276918. [PMID: 36331910 PMCID: PMC9635709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job satisfaction is one of the main factors creating and bringing about work motivation, productivity, and efficiency as well as decreasing job-hopping and job turnover. No previous studies have been conducted to assess job satisfaction for community pharmacists in Vietnam. OBJECTIVE This research was conducted to develop and validate an instrument used to measure community pharmacists' job satisfaction in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 351 pharmacists participated in this survey. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.2.0. The final instrument (VIJS) has 34 items divided into six factors which were determined via a parallel analysis (including physical working conditions, work nature, income and other benefits, management policies and managers, relationships with coworkers and customers, and learning and advancement opportunities). VIJS's internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97, Omega total = 0.98, split-half reliability = 0.985, and composite reliability>0.8). Two-week test-retest reliability results (intraclass correlation coefficient for the overall instrument: 0.97, for six factors: 0.865-0.938) demonstrated the consistency of the VIJS when the same test was repeated on the same sample (62 pharmacists) at different points in time. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis was employed to assess the construct validity. The VIJS was a good fit to a six-factor model (Chisq/df = 2.352, Comparative Fit Index = 0.937, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.929, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.042, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.062). VIJS's good convergent and discriminant validity was demonstrated via Average Variance Extrated>0.5 and the Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio of correlations<0.85. CONCLUSIONS The VIJS possesses good reliability and validity and can be used to measure community pharmacists' job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi City, Vietnam
| | - Giang Thi Huong Truong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi City, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi City, Vietnam
| | - Cuc Thi Thu Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi City, Vietnam
| | - Dai Xuan Dinh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi City, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Binh Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi City, Vietnam
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Dong PTX, Pham VTT, Dinh CT, Le AV, Tran HTH, Nguyen HTL, Hua S, Li SC. Implementation and Evaluation of Clinical Pharmacy Services on Improving Quality of Prescribing in Geriatric Inpatients in Vietnam: An Example in a Low-Resources Setting. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:1127-1138. [PMID: 35903286 PMCID: PMC9314755 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s368871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Geriatric inpatients generally have a high risk of drug-related problems (DRP) in prescribing following hospital admission, which are likely to cause negative clinical consequences. This is particularly evident in developing countries such as Vietnam. Therefore, clinical pharmacy service (CPS) aims to identify and resolve these DRPs to improve the quality use of medicines in the older population following hospital admission. Patients and Methods The study was conducted as a prospective, single-center study implemented at a general public hospital in Hanoi. Patients aged ≥60 years with at least three chronic diseases admitted to the Internal Medicine Department between August 2020 and December 2020 were eligible to be enrolled. A well-trained clinical pharmacist provided a structured CPS to identify any DRP in prescribing for each patient in the study. Clinical pharmacist interventions were then proposed to the attending physicians and documented in the DRP reporting system. Results A total of 255 DRP were identified in 185 patients during the study period. The most frequent types of DRP were underuse (21.2%), dose too high (12.2%), and contraindication (11.8%). There was a very high rate of approval and uptake by the physicians regarding the interventions proposed by the clinical pharmacist (82.4% fully accepted and 12.5% partially accepted). Of the interventions, 73.4% were clinically relevant (pADE score ≥0.1). In general, 9 out of 10 physicians agreed that CPS has significant benefits for both patients and physicians. Conclusion Improving clinical pharmacy services can potentially have a positive impact on the quality of prescribing in elderly inpatients. These services should officially be implemented to optimize the quality use of medicines in this population group in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thi Xuan Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Van Thi Thuy Pham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Pharmacy, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chi Thi Dinh
- Department of Pharmacy, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Van Le
- Department of Pharmacy, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Thi Hai Tran
- Department of Internal Cardiology, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Susan Hua
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Shu Chuen Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Dong PTX, Trinh HT, Nguyen DH, Nguyen ST, Pham VTT, Ngo HB, Hua S, Li SC, Nguyen HTL. Implementing clinical pharmacy activities in hospital setting in Vietnam: current status from a national survey. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:878. [PMID: 35799184 PMCID: PMC9264624 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical pharmacy activities have evolved over the past decades contributing to all stages of the patient care process, especially in the hospital setting. However, these practice roles may differ to a significant extent depending on the healthcare policy of countries. In Vietnam, the magnitude of adopting clinical pharmacy activities in hospital settings throughout the country is still unknown since these activities have been implemented. This study aimed to ascertain the current status of clinical pharmacy activities performed within the Vietnamese hospital setting. Methods A nation-wide survey was conducted from December 2017 to January 2018. Two online questionnaires, one for the Heads of Pharmacy Department and one for clinical pharmacists, were designed based on the national legal regulations about implementing clinical pharmacy activities in the hospital setting. These questionnaires were sent to all hospitals and healthcare facilities with a department of pharmacy. Results A total of 560 Heads of Pharmacy and 574 clinical pharmacists participated in the study, representing a response rate of 41.2%. Among the participating hospitals, non-patient specific activities were implemented widely across all hospital classes, with pharmacovigilance, medication information, and standard operating procedures development implemented in ≥88% of all hospitals. In contrast, there was a significant variation in the level of implementation of patient-specific activities among hospital classes. With activities such as medication counselling, monitoring of adverse drug reactions, and obtaining patient’s medication histories provided at a considerably lower level in between 49 and 57% of hospitals. Conclusion Clinical pharmacy activities have been initiated in most of the surveyed hospitals. In general, clinical pharmacy is more established in higher-class hospitals in Vietnam. However, the current implementation status is focused on non-patient-specific activities, while patient-oriented activities remained insufficiently established. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08242-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thi Xuan Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Pharmacy, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Hieu Trung Trinh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duy Huu Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Son Tu Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Thi Thuy Pham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Pharmacy, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Bich Ngo
- Medical Services Administration, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Susan Hua
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Shu Chuen Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Huong Thi Lien Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Meilianti S, Matuluko A, Ibrahim N, Uzman N, Bates I. A global study on job and career satisfaction of early-career pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2022; 5:100110. [PMID: 35478526 PMCID: PMC9032442 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Job and career satisfaction of early-career pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists is imperative to ensure a motivated and effective workforce, and a secure future for pharmacy practice. In turn, this enables planning, deployment and long term implementation of global imperatives, through universal pharmacy coverage. Objectives This study used data from a global survey to determine the level of job and career satisfaction and identify factors that are most significant in determining satisfaction in early-career professionals. Methods A cross-sectional survey was distributed to members of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Young Pharmacists Group (YPG) via email and social media platforms from November 2019 to May 2020. A previously validated questionnaire using 5-point Likert scales was used. Data were analysed by exploratory factor analysis, using principal component analysis, oblique rotation, and reliability testing of identified components, followed by a comparative statistical analysis. Results A total of 1014 respondents from 92 countries participated in this study. Regions of domicile significantly affected job satisfaction (p = 0.004) and career satisfaction (p < 0.0001) scores. Pharmacists working in community pharmacies perceived lower job satisfaction measures compared to those who work in academic institutions (p < 0.0001) and industry sector (p = 0.012). There is a negative association between career expectations and job satisfaction and career satisfaction scores. The workplace climate is related to education and training opportunities, lower reported workloads, greater autonomy, and more remuneration. Conclusion This was an international study of early-career pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists. Enhancing factors associated with job and career satisfaction is essential to support early-career pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists in obtaining fulfilment and esteem in their chosen careers. Developing and implementing a well-framed system that provides a conducive working environment, remuneration, and greater autonomy could improve job and career satisfaction. This study provides evidence to support investment in early-career training, stated in the FIP Development Goal 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherly Meilianti
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Andries Bickerweg 5, 2517, JP, The Hague, Netherlands
- Corresponding author at: UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
| | - Ayodeji Matuluko
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Andries Bickerweg 5, 2517, JP, The Hague, Netherlands
- Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom
| | - Nazifa Ibrahim
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Nilhan Uzman
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Andries Bickerweg 5, 2517, JP, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Ian Bates
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Andries Bickerweg 5, 2517, JP, The Hague, Netherlands
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Smolina VA, Novokreshchenova IG, Novokreshchenov IV. Job Satisfaction Among Pharmacists. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Job satisfaction among pharmacists affects the quality of pharmaceutical care and patient health. Our study targeted the evaluation of job and salary satisfaction levels in pharmacists and the factors affecting these levels. Methods — We conducted the survey of 407 pharmacists working at community pharmacies in Saratov Oblast (Russia). Results — The proportions of pharmacists satisfied with their jobs and their salaries were 77.1±0.4% and 52.8±0.4%, respectively. We discovered that salary satisfaction was influenced primarily by the household composition (p=0.004) and professional commitment (p<0.001). Pharmacists who were more satisfied with their jobs belonged to the age category ‘up to 44 years’ (p=0.002). They were less likely to change their employment (p<0.001) and more likely to experience positive emotions when performing their professional activities (p<0.001). Also, they were more satisfied with their salaries (p<0.001), committed to their profession (p<0.001), and more likely to perceive the social importance of their profession (p<0.001). Conclusion — Our findings suggested that formal traits of pharmaceutical professionals had a smaller impact on their job satisfaction, while the greatest impact was caused by the personal characteristics (perception of the social importance of their profession, professional commitment), salary satisfaction, age and frequency of changing jobs.
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