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Alqawasmeh OAM, Jiang XT, Cong L, Wu W, Leung MBW, Chung JPW, Yim HCH, Fok EKL, Chan DYL. Vertical transmission of microbiomes into embryo culture media and its association with assisted reproductive outcomes. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 49:103977. [PMID: 38824761 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.103977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Can microbes vertically transmit from semen and follicular fluid to embryo culture media during assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment? DESIGN Spent embryo culture media (SECM), seminal fluid and follicular fluid samples were collected from 61 couples with infertility undergoing ART treatment at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China. Metagenomic analysis was conducted using 16s rRNA sequencing to identify the source of microbes in SECM, correlation between the semen microbiome and male infertility, and correlation between the follicular fluid microbiome and female infertility. RESULTS Microbial vertical transmission into SECM was reported in 82.5% of cases, and semen was the main source of contamination in conventional IVF cases. The increased abundances of Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus anginosus in semen had negative impacts on total motility and sperm count, respectively (P < 0.001). Significant increases in abundance of the genera Prophyromonas, Neisseria and Facklamia were observed in follicular fluid in women with anovulation, uterine factor infertility and unexplained infertility, respectively (P < 0.01). No significant correlation was found between the bacteria identified in all sample types and ART outcomes, including fertilization rate, embryo development, number of available embryos, and clinical pregnancy rate. CONCLUSION Embryo culture media can be contaminated during ART treatment, not only by seminal microbes but also by follicular fluid and other sources of microbes. Strong correlations were found between specific microbial taxa in semen and sperm quality, and between the follicular fluid microbiome and the aetiology of female infertility. However, no significant association was found between the microbiomes of SECM, semen and follicular fluid and ART outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odai A M Alqawasmeh
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Xiao-Tao Jiang
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luping Cong
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Waner Wu
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Maran B W Leung
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jacqueline P W Chung
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Howard Chi Ho Yim
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ellis K L Fok
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - David Y L Chan
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Cao W, Fu X, Zhou J, Qi Q, Ye F, Li L, Wang L. The effect of the female genital tract and gut microbiome on reproductive dysfunction. Biosci Trends 2024; 17:458-474. [PMID: 38104979 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2023.01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the human body; they are present in various areas including the gut, mouth, skin, respiratory tract, and reproductive tract. The interaction between the microbiome and reproductive health has become an increasingly compelling area of study. Disruption of the female genital tract microbiome can significantly impact the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, increasing susceptibility to reproductive tract diseases such as vaginitis, chronic endometritis, endometrial polyps, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome. The gut microbiome, considered an endocrine organ, plays a crucial role in the reproductive endocrine system by interacting with hormones like estrogen and androgens. Imbalances in the gut microbiome composition can lead to various diseases and conditions, including polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and cancer, although research on their mechanisms remains limited. This review highlights the latest advancements in understanding the female genital tract and gut microbiomes in gynecological diseases. It also explores the potential of microbial communities in the treatment of reproductive diseases. Future research should focus on identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the association between the microbiome and reproductive diseases to develop new and effective strategies for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment related to female reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiayan Fu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Qi
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Feijun Ye
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisha Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Zhang WY, Wang HB, Deng CY. Intermittent spontaneous ovulation in patients with premature ovarian failure: Three case reports and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:7647-7655. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i31.7647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) is the end-stage of a decline in ovarian function prior to the age of 40 years that involves symptoms associated with low estradiol (E2) levels and a minimal probability of pregnancy. This increases the physical and psychological burden experienced by young women of reproductive age, particularly with regards to over-diagnosis.
CASE SUMMARY Here, we report three cases (29, 22, and 33 years-of-age) diagnosed with POF after experiencing secondary amenorrhea for more than one year, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) > 40 IU/L on two occasions with an interval of more than 4 wk, and negative progesterone withdrawal tests. All three patients were intermittently administered with drugs to create an artificial cycle. During the subsequent discontinuation period, the patients experienced intermittent follicular growth and spontaneous ovulation. One patient experienced two natural pregnancies (both with embryo arrest).
CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that young patients with POF can experience unpredictable and intermittent spontaneous follicular development, ovulation, and even natural pregnancy. Clinicians should provide appropriate medical guidance and individualized treatments according to fertility requirements, genetic risks and hypoestrogenic symptoms as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Han-Bi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Cheng-Yan Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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Ou S, Liao M, Cui L, Du Y, Zhao L, Peng C, Jiang L, Liu B. Associations between microbial presence in follicular fluid with IVF outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:2501-2511. [PMID: 37688752 PMCID: PMC10643413 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to synthesize disparate studies to investigate potential impact of microbial presence in FF of infertile women on IVF outcomes. METHODS Following preliminary searches to find medical subject heading (MeSH) terms plus free terms, a systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Clinicaltrials.gov databases from January 10, 2022, to July 5, 2023. Data collected for each study were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software available on the Cochrane website. RESULTS After correcting for contamination from the vagina, the FFs of 289 women were detected positively by microbial culture and identification, ELISA, and IPA. The pregnancy rate of the FF-positive group was significantly lower than the FF-negative group (19.7% vs. 32.2%) and (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.28-1.14, P=0.11; I2=56%) while the fertilization rate was almost equal (60.0% vs. 62.0%) and (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.88-1.20, P=0.72; I2=0%). Evidence quality was very low. CONCLUSIONS The different species of microorganisms in FF of infertile women may have different effects on IVF outcomes. The Lactobacillus spp. may have a positive effect, while other microorganisms may have the opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ou
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lanyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education; Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehui Du
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuyu Peng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Canha-Gouveia A, Di Nisio V, Salumets A, Damdimopoulou P, Coy P, Altmäe S, Sola-Leyva A. The Upper Reproductive System Microbiome: Evidence beyond the Uterus. Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41:190-199. [PMID: 38320577 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome of the female upper reproductive system has garnered increasing recognition and has become an area of interest in the study of women's health. This intricate ecosystem encompasses a diverse consortium of microorganisms (i.e., microbiota) and their genomes (i.e., microbiome) residing in the female upper reproductive system, including the uterus, the fallopian tubes, and ovaries. In recent years, remarkable advancements have been witnessed in sequencing technologies and microbiome research, indicating the potential importance of the microbial composition within these anatomical sites and its impact in women's reproductive health and overall well-being. Understanding the composition, dynamics, and functions of the microbiome of the female upper reproductive system opens up exciting avenues for improving fertility, treating gynecological conditions, and advancing our comprehension of the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the female reproductive system. The aim of this study is to compile currently available information on the microbial composition of the female upper reproductive system in humans, with a focus beyond the uterus, which has received more attention in recent microbiome studies compared with the fallopian tubes and ovaries. In conclusion, this review underscores the potential role of this microbiome in women's physiology, both in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analuce Canha-Gouveia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca," Murcia, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Valentina Di Nisio
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andres Salumets
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pilar Coy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca," Murcia, Spain
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Sola-Leyva
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
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Wei W, Zhou Y, Zuo H, Li M, Pan Z, Liu B, Wang L, Tan Y, Yang R, Shang W, Bi Y, Wang W. Characterization of the follicular fluid microbiota based on culturomics and sequencing analysis. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37578331 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The human oocyte microenvironment is follicular fluid, which is important for follicle growth, ovulation and maturation of the oocyte. The micro-organisms present in follicular fluid could be a predictor of in vitro fertilization outcomes.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Women with follicular fluid colonized with micro-organisms can be asymptomatic, but the presence of some genera in the follicular fluid correlates with in vitro fertilization.Aim. To confirm the existence of micro-organisms in follicular fluid, and to profile the micro-organisms present in follicular fluid sampled from women undergoing in vitro fertilization with different outcomes.Methodology. Women undergoing in vitro fertilization (n=163) were divided into different subgroups according to their in vitro fertilization outcomes. Their follicular fluid samples were collected, and among them, 157 samples were analysed by 16S rDNA sequencing, and 19 samples were analysed using culturomics.Results. The culturomics results suggested that the 19 follicular fluid samples were not sterile. The isolation rates for Streptococcus, Finegoldia and Peptoniphilus were >50 % in the 19 samples. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed differential bacteria abundance according to the pregnancy rate, the rate of normal fertilization, the rate of high-quality embryos and the rate of available oocytes. The sequencing results showed that micro-organisms could be detected in all 157 samples. Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Comamonas, Streptococcus and Acinetobacter were detected in all of the samples, but with a wide range of relative abundance. Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Ralstonia and Vibrio constituted a notable fraction of the microbiota.Conclusions. Follicular fluid is not sterile. Micro-organisms in follicular fluid could be a predictor of in vitro fertilization outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yazhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haiyang Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weizhou Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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Colella M, Topi S, Palmirotta R, D'Agostino D, Charitos IA, Lovero R, Santacroce L. An Overview of the Microbiota of the Human Urinary Tract in Health and Disease: Current Issues and Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1486. [PMID: 37511861 PMCID: PMC10381901 DOI: 10.3390/life13071486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is intended to deepen our knowledge to date regarding the functions of the resident microbiota/microbiome in the urinary system for human health and disease. First, we sought to report the general characteristics (composition and stability) of the normal urinary system microbiota in the different anatomical sites in relation to some factors such as the effect of age, gender and diet, analyzing in detail the functions and the composition of the microbiota in the light of current knowledge. Several pieces of evidence suggest the importance of preserving the micro-ecosystem of the urinary system, and in some cases their relationship with diseases is important for maintaining human health is well understood. The female and male reproductive microbiota have mainly been studied over the past decade. In the past, the arrest was thought to have taken place in a sterile environment. Microorganisms of the microbiota form biofilms, three-dimensional structures, that differ in the reproductive organs and interact with both gametes and the embryo as well as with maternal tissues. These biofilms from the reproductive system also interact with others, such as that of the gastrointestinal tract. Reduction in its diversity intestinal microbiota can disrupt estrogen metabolism and affect the reproductive microbiota. It is therefore understood that its quantitative and qualitative identification is important for microbiota, but also the study of the structures formed by the microorganisms. A dysbiosis with local or systemic causes can lead to serious diseases. The role of probiotics in maintaining microbial population harmony (eubiosis) and preventing certain pathologies of the urinary and reproductive system was also investigated. A negative variation in the qualitative and quantitative composition of certain strains of microorganisms (dysbiosis) due to local or systemic causes can even lead to serious diseases. The role of probiotics in maintaining the healthy balance of microorganism populations (eubiosis), and thus in the prevention of certain pathologies of the urinary and reproductive system, has also been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Colella
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan "A. Xhuvani", 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Donato D'Agostino
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan "A. Xhuvani", 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri (IRCCS), Section of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Lovero
- AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari-Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, Clinical Pathology Unit, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan "A. Xhuvani", 3001 Elbasan, Albania
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Kim SM, Won KH, Hong YH, Kim SK, Lee JR, Jee BC, Suh CS. Microbiology of Human Follicular Fluid and the Vagina and Its Impact on in Vitro Fertilization Outcomes. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:941-947. [PMID: 36168247 PMCID: PMC9520042 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to identify microorganisms in follicular fluids and to investigate their association with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted as a prospective study of 49 infertile females undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles between 2013 and 2016. Paired follicular fluid and vaginal secretions were collected on the day of ovum pick up and were cultured to detect microorganisms. RESULTS Fifteen women (30.6%) had no microorganisms in follicular fluid or vaginal swabs, 23 (46.9%) had microorganisms on vaginal swab alone, 3 (6.1%) had microorganisms in follicular fluid alone, and 8 (16.3%) had microorganisms in both follicular fluid and vaginal swabs. The same microorganisms were detected in both the follicular fluid and vaginal swabs of three women, while different microorganisms were detected between follicular fluid and vaginal swabs in five women. Follicular fluid microorganisms were not associated with embryo quality or clinical pregnancy rates during IVF cycles. However, significantly decreased implantation rates (9.1% vs. 29.4%, p=0.031) and clinical pregnancy rates on embryo transfer day 5 (0% vs. 83.3%, p=0.048) were observed in the group that was positive for vaginal pathogens. CONCLUSION Follicular fluid contains microorganisms that can differ from those in the vagina of the same women; however, they do not appear to be associated with embryo quality or clinical pregnancy rates in IVF cycles. In contrast, vaginal pathogens were found to be associated with worse implantation rates and clinical pregnancy rates in IVF cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Mi Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyu Hee Won
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seul Ki Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ryeol Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Byung Chul Jee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Suk Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
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9
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Chellani M, Chellani M, Rahangdale S. Association of the microbial culture of follicular fluid, vaginal swab and catheter tip with β–hCG IVF positive and negative. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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