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Jiang N, Shi H, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Wang T, Cao H, Wang Q, Wang J, Xu X. Effects of social support on oral health behavior: Serial multiple-mediator model. Oral Dis 2024; 30:681-687. [PMID: 36520550 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the serial multiple mediation of job stress and perceived behavioral control (PBC) in the relationship between social support and oral health behavior (OHB). MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in Minhang District, Shanghai, China, between July and November 2021. 559 Employees from 10 community health centers were recruited. A five-part survey was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, social support, job stress, PBC and OHB. Descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, ordinary least-squares regression and the bootstrap method were used to analyze data. RESULTS Social support was found to impact OHB through three significant mediation pathways: the pathway through job stress (point estimate = 0.033; 95%BC CI [0.004, 0.089]), the pathway through PBC (point estimate = 0.283; 95%BC CI [0.174, 0.416]), and the serial multiple mediating pathway through first job stress and then PBC (point estimate = 0.006; 95%BC CI [0.001, 0.019]). CONCLUSION This study indicates that job stress and PBC play a serial multiple-mediator role in the relationship between social support and OHB. To ensure the effectiveness of social support intervention on OHB, workplace managers and employees should strengthen the motivators that could promote the reduction of job stress and the improvement of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Shi
- Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Center of Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - He Cao
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - Quqing Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Center of Minhang District, Shanghai, China
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Shitu K, Alemayehu M, Berassa SH. Oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:177-186. [PMID: 36627237 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate oral hygiene behaviour and its determinants among preparatory school students in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 students to evaluate their oral hygiene behaviour and determinant factors (sociodemographic attributes, oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude to oral hygiene behaviours). Linear regression was employed to identify factors associated with oral hygiene behaviour. A p-value of <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used to declare statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 407 students participated with a response rate of 96.2%. The mean age of the participants was 18 (SD ±1.3). The mean oral hygiene behaviour (OHB) score was about 7.89 ± 3.43. Only 9.2%, 21.4%, and 5.7% were brushing their teeth at least twice a day, cleaning their tongue, and flossing at least once a day respectively. Father's educational status (able to read and write (β = 1.99, 95% CI: 0.62, 3.38), completed secondary school (β = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.18, 3.18), and diploma and higher (β = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.33, 3.18)), being from private school (β = 3.25, 95%CI: 2.30, 4.19), knowledge about OHB (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.30), and attitude towards OHB (β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.14) were significant factors positively associated with better oral hygiene behaviour. CONCLUSION Oral hygiene behaviour was poor among preparatory school students in Gondar city. Father's educational status, students' oral hygiene knowledge, and attitude were found to be significant factors affecting students' oral hygiene behaviour. Thus, tailored school-based oral health communication programs are highly required to improve students' oral hygiene behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegnie Shitu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuriaw Alemayehu
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Mohammadkhah F, Amirhajelu RM, Bakhtiar M, Salemi SA, Kevenjan M, Jeihooni AK. The effect of training intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on oral and dental health behaviors in pregnant women. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:521. [PMID: 37491230 PMCID: PMC10369690 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03239-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy is a transient physiological condition that causes adverse oral and dental consequences. The present study aimed to determine the effect of a training intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on oral and dental behaviors in pregnant women. METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 140 pregnant women (70 in the intervention group and 70 in the control group) supported by comprehensive health centers on the outskirts of Shiraz, Iran, in 2019-2020. The sampling was performed in each center by a simple random method. The tool included a demographic characteristics questionnaire, a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior, a self-care behavior questionnaire, and checklists for recording DMFT(Decayed, Missing due to caries, and Filled Teeth(DMFT)) and dental plaque indices. The questionnaires were completed before and 3 months after the intervention by both groups. The intervention group received six 50-min training sessions. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22, the chi-squared test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and descriptive statistics (p < 0.05). RESULTS The mean ages of the intervention and control groups were 32.28 ± 6.14 and 31.84 ± 6.71, respectively. The results showed that the average scores of all constructs of the theory of planned behavior, dental plaque indices (PI), and MDFT in the intervention group significantly changed after the intervention (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the results, training based on the theory of planned behavior was effective on dental and oral health behaviors in pregnant women and improved the clinical results of their self-care behaviors. Therefore, training sessions will increase the knowledge of pregnant women, and providing timely consultations and examinations can be helpful and effective in developing oral and dental health behaviors in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammadkhah
- Department of Community Health, Child Nursing and Aging, Ramsar School of Nursing, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Bakhtiar
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dental, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saina Alempour Salemi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kevenjan
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Khani Jeihooni
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7153675541, Iran.
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Moore J, Turner LW, Stellefson M, Chaney BH. Dental Hygiene Behaviors among Young Adults: A Systematic Review of Surveys Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2022.2100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Rajeh MT. Modeling the theory of planned behavior to predict adults' intentions to improve oral health behaviors. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1391. [PMID: 35858885 PMCID: PMC9297589 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to apply the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to identify predictors of adults’ intentions to improve oral health behaviors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,328 adults living in the Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. A 64-item questionnaire that evaluated behavioral intention, oral health knowledge (OHK) and TPB constructs (attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms) was distributed. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to describe the data and examine the associations among the variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results The analysis revealed that the TPB model explained 72% of the variance in oral health behavioral intentions (OHBI), indicating a good model fit. The TPB constructs of attitudes (β = 0.299), subjective norms (β = 0.035), and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.144) were significant predictors of OHBI, whereas OHK was not. Attitude was the strongest predictor of intentions to improve oral health behaviors. Conclusions The findings suggest that this model could be a helpful framework for designing oral health promotion and intervention programs. Such programs should focus on changing adults’ attitudes, positive influences from close relationships, and improving self-efficacy of OHB to improve their oral health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Talal Rajeh
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Shitu K, Adugna A, Kassie A, Handebo S. Application of Health Belief Model for the assessment of COVID-19 preventive behavior and its determinants among students: A structural equation modeling analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263568. [PMID: 35312697 PMCID: PMC8936445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a new pandemic that poses a threat to people globally. In Ethiopia, where classrooms are limited, students are at higher risk for COVID-19 unless they take consistent preventative actions. However, there is a lack of evidence in the study area regarding student compliance with COVID-19 preventive behavior (CPB) and its predictors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess CPB and its predictors among students based on the perspective of the Health Belief Model (HBM). METHOD AND MATERIALS A school-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from November to December 2020 to evaluate the determinants of CPB among high school students using a self-administered structured questionnaire. 370 participants were selected using stratified simple random sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analyses to evaluate the measurement and structural models proposed by the HBM and to identify associations between HBM variables. A T-value of > 1.96 with 95% CI and a P-value of < 0.05 were used to declare the statistical significance of path coefficients. RESULT A total of 370 students participated with a response rate of 92%. The median (interquartile range) age of the participants (51.9% females) was 18 (2) years. Only 97 (26.2%), 121 (32.7%), and 108 (29.2%) of the students had good practice in keeping physical distance, frequent hand washing, and facemask use respectively. The HBM explained 43% of the variance in CPB. Perceived barrier (β = - 0.15, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.51, p <0.001) were significant predictors of student compliance to CPB. Moreover, the measurement model demonstrated that the instrument had acceptable reliability and validity. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS COVID-19 prevention practice is quite low among students. HBM demonstrated adequate predictive utility in predicting CPBs among students, where perceived barriers and self-efficacy emerged as significant predictors of CPBs. According to the findings of this study, theory-based behavioral change interventions are urgently required for students to improve their prevention practice. Furthermore, these interventions will be effective if they are designed to remove barriers to CPBs and improve students' self-efficacy in taking preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegnie Shitu
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asmamaw Adugna
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Kassie
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Simegnew Handebo
- School of Public Health, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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