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Lall SA, Chen LW, Mason DP. Digital platforms and entrepreneurial support: a field experiment in online mentoring. SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS 2022; 61:1-24. [PMID: 38625233 PMCID: PMC9595085 DOI: 10.1007/s11187-022-00704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The benefits of entrepreneurial mentorship are well documented, but there is limited research on how entrepreneurs connect with mentors, especially in digital settings. We partnered with an online platform that connects entrepreneurs to potential mentors to conduct a field experiment in online mentoring. Drawing on literature on entrepreneurial mentorship and Social Cognitive Theory, we compared the effects of three interventions on the likelihood of reaching out and making a connection with a mentor in a digital setting. We find that showing entrepreneurs a video of a successful mentor-mentee relationship increases the chances that they will reach out to a potential mentor but does not improve their chances of making a connection. These findings are more pronounced for female entrepreneurs. While not all entrepreneurs adopt the offered interventions, those that make the effort to learn to navigate the online platform and craft a suitable introductory message are successful in establishing a mentoring connection. We discuss these implications for both theory and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh A. Lall
- Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Strome College of Business, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
| | - Dyana P. Mason
- School of Planning, Public Policy and Management, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
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2
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Ogba FN, Ogba KTU, Ugwu LE, Emma-Echiegu N, Eze A, Agu SA, Aneke BA. Moderating Role of Initiative on the Relationship Between Intrinsic Motivation, and Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intention. Front Psychol 2022; 13:866869. [PMID: 36312071 PMCID: PMC9597323 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.866869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing population of new graduates and the increasing scarcity of employment opportunities have made entrepreneurship an unavoidable option for employment and self-sustenance. This study investigates the effect of the initiative in moderating the relationship between intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurship intention through the integrated framework of theory of planned behaviour, self-determination, and humanism. This study contributes insights to how these factors moderated by initiative influence entrepreneurial intention among graduating students of tertiary institutions in Nigeria. This study adopted a cross-sectional design to examine the moderating role of initiative on the relationship between intrinsic motivation, and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention among Nigerian graduates. A total number of 688 graduate students, including 266 (38.6%) males and 422 (61.4%) females with a mean age of 24.30 years (SD = 3.69), participated in the study. Participants responded to a self-report questionnaire containing Initiative, Intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention scales. Results showed that all the variables correlated positively with entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, initiative moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention [value and start-ups/operations (OPS)], such that high self-efficacy with high initiative showed higher entrepreneurial intention (value). While to those with low self-efficacy and low initiative, high self-efficacy with high initiative showed higher entrepreneurial intention (OPS) compared to low self-efficacy and low initiative. The study highlighted the role of initiative in transforming young graduates' entrepreneurial intention into full-fledged entrepreneurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca N Ogba
- Department of Educational Foundations, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Kalu T U Ogba
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Lawrence E Ugwu
- Department of Psychology, Renaissance University, Enugu, Nigeria
- Department of Psychology, Coal City University Ugbawka, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Nkechi Emma-Echiegu
- Department of Psychology and Sociological Studies, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi, Nigeria
| | - Adaobi Eze
- Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Amaechi Agu
- Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Bernard Akonam Aneke
- Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
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3
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Egere OM, Maas G, Jones P. A critical analysis of the Nigerian entrepreneurial ecosystem on transformational entrepreneurship. JOURNAL OF SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00472778.2022.2123109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Odafe Martin Egere
- Entrepreneurship & Innovation, Department of Marketing, Innovation, Strategy & Operations (MISO), University of Leicester School of Business, UK
| | - Gideon Maas
- International Centre for Transformational Entrepreneurship (ICTE), Faculty of Business and Law, Coventry University, UK
| | - Paul Jones
- School of Management, Swansea University, UK
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4
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Audretsch DB, Fiedler A. Power and entrepreneurship. SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS 2022; 60:1573-1592. [PMID: 38625337 PMCID: PMC9362530 DOI: 10.1007/s11187-022-00660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Entrepreneurship research has benefited from embracing three economic sociology lenses-networks, cognition, and institutions-but has treated power mainly implicitly. This paper pioneers how the concept of power can advance research into entrepreneurship. We illustrate how state actors, legacy firms, and entrepreneurs variously exert coercive, persuasive, and authoritative forms of power over entrepreneurial opportunities or exercise power to pursue them as free actors. We explicitly link context and opportunity-development processes through a power lens and show how power's interaction-focused and episodic nature that can transcend geographical and institutional boundaries might enrich entrepreneurship research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Audretsch
- Institute for Development Strategies, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Antje Fiedler
- Management and International Business, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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5
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Xiang Y, Wang W. The Correlation Analysis for New Media Internet Celebrity Economy in College Students' Entrepreneurial Values and Entrepreneurial Behavior. Front Psychol 2022; 13:892347. [PMID: 35783762 PMCID: PMC9244789 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.892347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by the development of new media, the Internet celebrity economic marketing model has gradually become one of the mainstream online marketing models. It has aroused warm attention on the network platform and provided a breakthrough for entrepreneurship for college students. This thesis aims to explore the influence of the Internet celebrity economy on college students' entrepreneurial values and entrepreneurial behavior. A questionnaire is conducted among students in two colleges in Xi'an. Moreover, a theoretical model is constructed according to the influence principle of entrepreneurial values on entrepreneurial behavior. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire data are analyzed, and the mediating and moderating effects are tested. The results of the questionnaire show that contemporary college students generally pay attention to Internet celebrity mainly through live broadcast platforms and shopping platforms, among which entertainment and shopping account for the largest proportion. More than 40% of college students are optimistic about the impact of Internet celebrity economy and remain rational and objective on the whole. The results of model analysis show that the standardized path coefficient of entrepreneurial values on entrepreneurial behavior reaches a significant level of 0.85, and entrepreneurial values have a positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial behavior. The influence coefficient of the Internet celebrity economy on entrepreneurial intention is 0.79, and the influence coefficient of entrepreneurial intention on entrepreneurial behavior is 0.84, both reaching a significant level. The entrepreneurial intention has an incomplete intermediary effect in the influence mechanism of the Internet celebrity economy on entrepreneurial behavior. The chain double intermediary composed of entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention has an incomplete intermediary effect in the indirect impact path of the Internet celebrity economy on entrepreneurial behavior. The influence coefficient of the product of entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial policy satisfaction on entrepreneurial behavior is 0.17, which is always greater than -12.28, indicating that entrepreneurial policy satisfaction has a regulatory effect in the impact path of entrepreneurial intention on entrepreneurial behavior. The research results can guide college students to view the Internet celebrity economy rationally and objectively, and provide some guidance for them to have correct entrepreneurial values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Xiang
- School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Yuan X, Hao H, Guan C, Pentland A. Which factors affect the performance of technology business incubators in China? An entrepreneurial ecosystem perspective. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261922. [PMID: 35015766 PMCID: PMC8752008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine which factors affect the performance of technology business incubators in China, the present study proposes an entrepreneurial ecosystem framework with four key areas, i.e., people, technology, capital, and infrastructure. We then assess this framework using a three-year panel data set of 857 national-level technology business incubators in 33 major cities from 28 provinces in China, from 2015 to 2017. We utilize factor analysis to downsize dozens of characteristics of these technology business incubators into seven factors related to the four proposed areas. Panel regression model results show that four of the seven factors related to three areas of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, namely people, technology, and capital areas, have statistically significant associations with an incubator’s performance when applied to the overall national data set. Further, seven factors related to all four areas have various statistically significant associations with an incubator’s performance in five major regional data set. In particular, a technology related factor has a consistently statistically significant association with the performance of the incubator in both national model and the five regional models, as we expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Yuan
- Capital Institute of Science and Technology Development Strategy, Beijing, China
- Media Lab, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Haijing Hao
- Media Lab, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Computer Information Systems Department, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Chenghua Guan
- School of Economics and Resource Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Alex Pentland
- Media Lab, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Ardelean BO. Role of Technological Knowledge and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Entrepreneurial Success: A Mediating Role of Psychological Capital. Front Psychol 2021; 12:814733. [PMID: 35002902 PMCID: PMC8727339 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.814733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study pursues to build the conceptual model of entrepreneurial success (ES) that discusses the concept and phenomenon of ES and its perquisites and outcomes. This proposed mode anticipated that factors technological knowledge (TK), entrepreneurial orientation (EO), and psychological knowledge influence ES. This paper explains previous literature on perquisites, the phenomenon of TK, EO and psychological knowledge, and ES. This conceptual paper targets the scholarly works that provide support for the proposed model. A significant contribution of this paper is to propose an original relationship between prerequisites, phenomena, and consequences in ES. The proposed model shows a novel conceptualization of how these constructs may be connected to affect ES outcomes. This study enhances the literature by providing the theoretical literature of forerunners and outcomes for ES. In addition, this study has important implications for practitioners and entrepreneurs to generate success in entrepreneurial activities. Based on new insights, this study also developed and suggested new approaches and opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Oni Ardelean
- Baptist Theological Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Baptist Theology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Al-Qadasi N, Zhang G, Al-Jubari I. Attitude of youth towards self-employment: Evidence from university students in Yemen. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257358. [PMID: 34516592 PMCID: PMC8437303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assesses whether final-year undergraduate students at Sana’a University, Yemen intend to start their own business. The study employs the theory of planned behaviour and two environmental factors to explore whether the theory’s behavioural factors and the contextual factors of Lüthje & Franke’s model have an impact on students’ intentions to start their own business. A questionnaire survey with a random sample of 335 final-year university students from the largest public university in Yemen has been conducted. Data has been analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that students’ perceptions of entrepreneurship have a strong, direct impact on self-employment intention, excluding social norms and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Students’ self-employment intention is directly affected by perceived barriers and support factors in the entrepreneurship-related context. To increase their entrepreneurial abilities, university students require more training and education to be able to start new businesses. Developing entrepreneurial skills among citizens may improve the societal norms of business. The outcomes provide significant implications for policymakers, academic communities and international bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Al-Qadasi
- Department of Business Administration, School of Management, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Faculty of Commerce and Economics, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Gongyi Zhang
- Department of Business Administration, School of Management, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ibrahim Al-Jubari
- Faculty of Business Management and Professional Studies, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Belitski M, Guenther C, Kritikos AS, Thurik R. Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses. SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS 2021; 58:593-609. [PMID: 38624899 PMCID: PMC8435174 DOI: 10.1007/s11187-021-00544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The existential threat to small businesses, based on their crucial role in the economy, is behind the plethora of scholarly studies in 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Examining the 15 contributions of the special issue on the "Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses," the paper comprises four parts: a systematic review of the literature on the effect on entrepreneurship and small businesses; a discussion of four literature strands based on this review; an overview of the contributions in this special issue; and some ideas for post-pandemic economic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Belitski
- University of Reading, Henley Business School, Reading, UK
- ICD Business School, IGS-Groupe, Paris, France
| | | | - Alexander S. Kritikos
- German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- IZA, Bonn, Germany
- IAB, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Roy Thurik
- Montpellier Business School, Montpellier, France
- Erasmus School of Economics, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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