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Rana MM, De la Hoz Siegler H. Evolution of Hybrid Hydrogels: Next-Generation Biomaterials for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering. Gels 2024; 10:216. [PMID: 38667635 PMCID: PMC11049329 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels, being hydrophilic polymer networks capable of absorbing and retaining aqueous fluids, hold significant promise in biomedical applications owing to their high water content, permeability, and structural similarity to the extracellular matrix. Recent chemical advancements have bolstered their versatility, facilitating the integration of the molecules guiding cellular activities and enabling their controlled activation under time constraints. However, conventional synthetic hydrogels suffer from inherent weaknesses such as heterogeneity and network imperfections, which adversely affect their mechanical properties, diffusion rates, and biological activity. In response to these challenges, hybrid hydrogels have emerged, aiming to enhance their strength, drug release efficiency, and therapeutic effectiveness. These hybrid hydrogels, featuring improved formulations, are tailored for controlled drug release and tissue regeneration across both soft and hard tissues. The scientific community has increasingly recognized the versatile characteristics of hybrid hydrogels, particularly in the biomedical sector. This comprehensive review delves into recent advancements in hybrid hydrogel systems, covering the diverse types, modification strategies, and the integration of nano/microstructures. The discussion includes innovative fabrication techniques such as click reactions, 3D printing, and photopatterning alongside the elucidation of the release mechanisms of bioactive molecules. By addressing challenges, the review underscores diverse biomedical applications and envisages a promising future for hybrid hydrogels across various domains in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohosin Rana
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada;
- Centre for Blood Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hector De la Hoz Siegler
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Smułek W, Grząbka-Zasadzińska A, Kilian A, Ciesielczyk F, Borysiak S, Baranowska HM, Walkowiak K, Kaczorek E, Jarzębski M. Design of vitamin-loaded emulsions in agar hydrogel matrix dispersed with plant surfactants. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Erin O, Liu X, Ge J, Opfermann J, Barnoy Y, Mair LO, Kang JU, Gensheimer W, Weinberg IN, Diaz-Mercado Y, Krieger A. Overcoming the Force Limitations of Magnetic Robotic Surgery: Magnetic Pulse Actuated Collisions for Tissue-Penetrating-Needle for Tetherless Interventions. ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 4:2200072. [PMID: 35967598 PMCID: PMC9364690 DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202200072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of magnetic robotics aims to obviate physical connections between the actuators and end-effectors. Such tetherless control may enable new ultra-minimally invasive surgical manipulations in clinical settings. While wireless actuation offers advantages in medical applications, the challenge of providing sufficient force to magnetic needles for tissue penetration remains a barrier to practical application. Applying sufficient force for tissue penetration is required for tasks such as biopsy, suturing, cutting, drug delivery, and accessing deep seated regions of complex structures in organs such as the eye. To expand the force landscape for such magnetic surgical tools, an impact-force based suture needle capable of penetrating in vitro and ex vivo samples with 3-DOF planar motion is proposed. Using custom-built 14G and 25G needles, we demonstrate generation of 410 mN penetration force, a 22.7-fold force increase with more than 20 times smaller volume compared to similar magnetically guided needles. With the MPACT-Needle, in vitro suturing of a gauze mesh onto an agar gel is demonstrated. In addition, we have reduced the tip size to 25G, which is a typical needle size for interventions in the eye, to demonstrate ex vivo penetration in a rabbit eye, mimicking procedures such as corneal injections and transscleral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onder Erin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jiawei Ge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Justin Opfermann
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yotam Barnoy
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Lamar O Mair
- Weinberg Medical Physics, Inc., North Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Jin U Kang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - William Gensheimer
- Department of Opthalmology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | | | - Yancy Diaz-Mercado
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Axel Krieger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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