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Misu N, Mimura T, Noma H, Shinbo K. Patient Satisfaction and Tear Film Break-Up Time After First-Time Wearing of Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses. Cureus 2024; 16:e52516. [PMID: 38371096 PMCID: PMC10874256 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The dryness and discomfort associated with soft contact lenses (SCLs) prevent their continued use. Recently, verofilcon A, a new daily disposable silicone hydrogel material SCL, was introduced, which has a high water content (surface water content of 80% or more) that overcomes the low water content drawback of silicone hydrogels. In this study, we evaluated the non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) and comfort level in individuals wearing verofilcon A SCL for the first time. METHODS We enrolled 42 first-time SCL wearers, comprising 84 eyes. NIBUT was measured using the DR-1α® dry eye observation device at the state of the naked eye before SCL wear (baseline) and at one and four weeks after the first SCL wear. Additionally, we conducted a questionnaire survey during the fourth week to assess the comfort level (0-10) of SCL wear. Results: The NIBUT values were significantly higher at one week (10.8 ± 2.2 s, p<0.01) and four weeks (11.4 ± 2.2 s, p<0.01) after the first SCL wear than those at baseline (5.9 ± 2.0 s). Comfort level in SCL use was significantly higher at one week (9.0 ± 1.1, p<0.01) and four weeks (8.7 ± 1.2, p<0.01) than that at baseline (7.8 ± 1.8), and this level was higher regardless of the baseline NIBUT value. CONCLUSION Prolonged BUT and increased comfort levels were observed in individuals wearing verofilcon A SCLs. Improvement in tear fluid retention was found to alleviate dry eye and discomfort, suggesting that verofilcon A may be a beneficial introductory lens for first-time SCL wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Misu
- Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Tatsuya Mimura
- Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Hidetaka Noma
- Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Hachioji, JPN
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Kim YH, Graham AD, Li W, Dursch TJ, Peng CC, Radke CJ, Lin MC. Tear-film evaporation flux and its relationship to tear properties in symptomatic and asymptomatic soft-contact-lens wearers. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101850. [PMID: 37137757 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE With soft-contact-lens wear, evaporation of the pre-lens tear film affects the osmolarity of the post-lens tear film and this can introduce a hyperosmotic environment at the corneal epithelium, leading to discomfort. The purposes of the study are to ascertain whether there are differences in evaporation flux (i.e., the evaporation rate per unit area) between symptomatic and asymptomatic soft-contact-lens wearers, to assess the repeatability of a flow evaporimeter, and to assess the relationship between evaporation fluxes, tear properties, and environmental conditions. METHODS Closed-chamber evaporimeters commonly used in ocular-surface research do not control relative humidity and airflow, and, therefore, misestimate the actual tear-evaporation flux. A recently developed flow evaporimeter overcomes these limitations and was used to measure accurate in-vivo tear-evaporation fluxes with and without soft-contact-lens wear for symptomatic and asymptomatic habitual contact-lens wearers. Concomitantly, lipid-layer thickness, ocular-surface-temperature decline rate (i.e., °C/s), non-invasive tear break-up time, tear-meniscus height, Schirmer tear test, and environmental conditions were measured in a 5 visit study. RESULTS Twenty-one symptomatic and 21 asymptomatic soft-contact-lens wearers completed the study. A thicker lipid layer was associated with slower evaporation flux (p < 0.001); higher evaporation flux was associated with faster tear breakup irrespective of lens wear (p = 0.006). Higher evaporation flux was also associated with faster ocular-surface-temperature decline rate (p < 0.001). Symptomatic lens wearers exhibited higher evaporation flux than did asymptomatic lens wearers, however, the results did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.053). Evaporation flux with lens wear was higher than without lens wear but was also not statistically significant (p = 0.110). CONCLUSIONS The repeatability of the Berkeley flow evaporimeter, associations between tear characteristics and evaporation flux, sample-size estimates, and near statistical significance in tear-evaporation flux between symptomatic and asymptomatic lens wearers all suggest that with sufficient sample sizes, the flow evaporimeter is a viable research tool to understand soft-contact-lens wear comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Kim
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Clinical Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Andrew D Graham
- Clinical Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Wing Li
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Clinical Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Thomas J Dursch
- Clinical Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Cheng-Chun Peng
- Clinical Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; CooperVision Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, United States
| | - Clayton J Radke
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Meng C Lin
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Clinical Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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Capote-Puente R, Bautista-Llamas MJ, Manzoni C, Sánchez-González JM. Pre-Lens Tear Meniscus Height, Lipid Layer Pattern and Non-Invasive Break-Up Time Short-Term Changes with a Water Gradient Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111710. [PMID: 36362865 PMCID: PMC9697334 DOI: 10.3390/life12111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate pre-lens tear film volume, stability and lipid interferometry patterns with a silicone hydrogel water content contact lens, a novel, noninvasive, ocular-surface-analyzer technology was used. A prospective, longitudinal, single-center, self-control study was performed in daily or monthly replacement silicone hydrogel contact lens wearers. A tear film analysis was achieved with the Integrated Clinical Platform (ICP) Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA) from SBM System. The subjects were reassessed, with the contact lens, after 30 min of wearing to quantify the volume, stability and lipid pattern of the short-term pre-lens tear film. Lipid layer thickness decreased from 2.05 ± 1.53 to 1.90 ± 1.73 Guillon patterns (p = 0.23). First pre-lens NIBUT decreased from 5.03 ± 1.04 to 4.63 ± 0.89 s (p = 0.01). Mean pre-lens NIBUT significantly increased from 15.19 ± 9.54 to 21.27 ± 11.97 s (p < 0.01). Lid opening time significantly increased from 26.36 ± 19.72 to 38.58 ± 21.78 s (p < 0.01). The silicone hydrogel contact lens with water gradient technology significantly increased the mean pre-lens NIBUT and lid opening time. Lehfilcon A suggested an improvement in contact lens wearers with tear film instability or decreased subjective symptoms of dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Capote-Puente
- Vision Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optica Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - María-José Bautista-Llamas
- Vision Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optica Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Caterina Manzoni
- Department of Materials Science, Optics and Optometry Area, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - José-María Sánchez-González
- Vision Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optica Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Kim YH, Lin MC, Peng CC, Radke CJ. Prevention of localized corneal hyperosmolarity spikes by soft-contact-lens wear. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2022; 45:101722. [PMID: 35718682 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2022.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether localized hyperosmotic spikes on the pre-lens tear film (PrLTF) due to tear break up results in hyperosmotic spikes on the ocular surface during soft-contact-lens (SCL) wear and whether wear of SCLs can protect the cornea against PrLTF osmotic spikes. METHODS Two-dimensional transient diffusion of salt was incorporated into a computationally designed SCL, post-lens tear film (PoLTF), and ocular surface and solved numerically. Time-dependent localized hyperosmolarity spikes were introduced at the anterior surface of the SCL corresponding to those generated in the PrLTF. Salt spikes were followed in time until spikes penetrate through the lens into the PoLTF. Lens-salt diffusivities (Ds) were varied to assess their importance on salt migration from the PrLTF to the ocular surface. SCL and PoLTF initial conditions and the lens anterior-surface boundary condition were varied depending on the value of Ds and on dry-eye symptomatology. Determined corneal surface osmolarities were translated into clinical pain scores. RESULTS For Ds above about 10-7cm2/s, it takes around 5-10 s for the PrLTF hyperosmotic break-up spikes to diffuse across the SCL and reach the corneal surface. Even if localized hyperosmotic spikes penetrate to the ocular surface, salt concentrations there are much lower than those in the progenitor PrLTF spikes. For Ds less than 10-7cm2/s, the SCL protects the cornea from hyperosmotic spikes for both normal and dry eyes. When localized corneal hyperosmolarity is converted into transient pain scores, pain thresholds are significantly lower than those for no-lens wear. CONCLUSIONS A cornea can be protected from localized PrLTF hyperosmolarity spikes with SCL wear. With regular blinking (e.g., less than 10 s), SCL wear shields the cornea from significant hyperosmotic pain. Decreasing Ds increases that protection. Low-Ds soft contact lenses can protect against hyperosmotic spikes and discomfort even during infrequent blinking (e.g., > 10 s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Kim
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Clinical Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Meng C Lin
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Clinical Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | | | - Clayton J Radke
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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