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Morovati S, Mohammadi A, Masoudi R, Heidari AA, Asad Sangabi M. The power of mumps virus: Matrix protein activates apoptotic pathways in human colorectal cell lines. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295819. [PMID: 38091318 PMCID: PMC10718445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic approaches can significantly impact the control of colorectal cancer (CRC), which is increasing worldwide. In this study, we investigated the potential of targeting viral proteins to combat cancer cells. Specifically, we examined the anticancer potential of the matrix (M) protein of the mumps virus Hoshino strain in SW480 CRC cell lines. To begin, we individually transfected SW480 cells with pcDNA3 plasmids containing the mumps virus M gene. We then investigated the percentage of cell death, caspase activity, and the expression levels of genes involved in apoptosis pathways. Following this, we performed bioinformatics analysis on the M protein to identify any similarities with Bcl-2 family members and their viral homologs. Our diagnostic methods showed that treatment with the mumps M protein induced apoptosis and upregulated the expression and activity of pro-apoptotic proteins in SW480 CRC cells compared to the control and vector groups. Based on our bioinformatics studies, we proposed that the BH3 motif in the M protein may trigger apoptosis in CRC cells by interacting with cellular Bax. Overall, our study showed for the first time that the mumps virus M protein could be considered as a targeted treatment for CRC by inducing apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Morovati
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Masoudi
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Heidari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Asad Sangabi
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Vogel RI, Stenzel AE, Lee H, Hunter-Schlichting D, Wesley E, Uppendahl LD, Geller MA, Nelson HH. Prevalence of active cytomegalovirus infection at diagnosis of ovarian cancer and during chemotherapy and subsequent changes in cognitive functioning. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1057. [PMID: 37923995 PMCID: PMC10623703 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the most frequently reported effects of cancer and its treatments is cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). Viral infections may affect inflammation and immune function and therefore may influence patient symptoms, including CRCI. The goal of this study was to describe the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections at diagnosis, during, and after chemotherapy in individuals with ovarian cancer and explore CMV infection at diagnosis with cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) following chemotherapy. METHODS We recruited adults newly diagnosed with ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer at a single academic cancer center into two prospective studies. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants provided blood samples at diagnosis. In Study 2 (N = 18), participants provided blood samples and completed symptom surveys before, during and after front-line adjuvant chemotherapy. Serum CMV DNA levels were assessed using digital PCR; >100 copies/mL of serum was considered positive for active CMV infection (CMV+). CRCI was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog) questionnaire. Changes in FACT-Cog scores were compared by CMV status at diagnosis using t-tests at each time point. RESULTS At diagnosis, 29.2% were CMV+ (28.2% in Study 1, 33.3% in Study 2). Following three cycles of chemotherapy (Study 2), CMV positivity rose to 60.0% and then back down to 31.3% after chemotherapy. We observed significant differences in CRCI following chemotherapy by CMV status at diagnosis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that active CMV infection is common among patients undergoing treatment for ovarian cancer and may contribute to symptoms of CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel I Vogel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 395, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Ashley E Stenzel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 395, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Heewon Lee
- Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - DeVon Hunter-Schlichting
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Erin Wesley
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 395, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Locke D Uppendahl
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 395, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Melissa A Geller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 395, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Heather H Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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García-Bustos V, Salavert M, Blanes R, Cabañero D, Blanes M. Current management of CMV infection in cancer patients (solid tumors). Epidemiology and therapeutic strategies. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2022; 35 Suppl 3:74-79. [PMID: 36285863 PMCID: PMC9717468 DOI: 10.37201/req/s03.16.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Little evidence is available regarding the incidence of CMV disease in patients with solid cancers. Latest data show that approximately 50 % of these patients with CMV PCR positivity developed clinically relevant CMV-viremia, and would require specific therapy. In the clinical arena, CMV reactivation is an important differential diagnosis in the infectological work up of these patients, but guidelines of management on this subject are not yet available. CMV reactivation should be considered during differential diagnosis for patients with a severe decline in lymphocyte counts when receiving chemoradiotherapy or immunochemotherapy with lymphocyte-depleting or blocking agents. Monitoring of CMV reactivation followed by the implementation of preemptive strategies or the establishment of early antiviral treatment improves the prognosis and reduces the morbidity and mortality of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor García-Bustos
- Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia. Spain
| | - Miguel Salavert
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia. Spain,Correspondence: Dr. Miguel Salavert Lletí. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, nº 106. Valencia 46016. E-mail:
| | - Rosa Blanes
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia. Spain
| | - Dafne Cabañero
- Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia. Spain
| | - Marino Blanes
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia. Spain
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