Ephrem Dibisa K, Tamiru Dinka M, Mekonen Moti L, Fetensa G. Precancerous Lesion of the Cervix and Associated Factors Among Women of West Wollega, West Ethiopia, 2022.
Cancer Control 2022;
29:10732748221117900. [PMID:
35947527 PMCID:
PMC9373178 DOI:
10.1177/10732748221117900]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Precancerous cervical lesion is an abnormality in the cells of the cervix
that could eventually develop into cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is a
public health problem that contributes to the death of women worldwide. In
line with the high burden of the issue, the Ethiopian government had
attempted to expand cervical cancer screening centers and recommendation of
services to age-eligible as well as high-risk groups of women. Therefore,
the study aimed to assess the prevalence of precancerous lesions of cervix
cancer among women aged 30-49 years and associated factors in West
Wollega.
Method
Facility-based analytic cross-sectional study design was conducted in
selected hospitals of West Wollega from January 1- February 20, 2022, among
339 women. A face-to-face interview was conducted and the presence or
absence of precancerous cervical lesion was tested by visual inspection with
acetic acid. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 25. Variable with
P-value <.25 in the bi-variable analysis were
entered into multivariable logistic regression. Results with a
P-value ≤ .05 at 95% confidence level were considered
for statistical significance.
Result
The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions was 27.4% (95% CI:
22.7%32.1%). The mean standard deviation of participants was 35.22
+6.32 years. More than half (63.4%) and 67.6% of them were regarded as
having good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards precancerous cervical
lesions respectively. History of menstrual irregularity had two folds higher
odds of being diagnosed with the precancerous cervical lesion when compared
with counterparts at, [AOR = 2.29(95% CI:1.29-4.04]. Women with a history of
STI had 3.5 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesion
compared to women with no history of STI [AOR)=3.46(95% CI:1.94-6.18)],
history of bleeding after sexual intercourse was 2.88 times more likely to
have precancerous cervical lesion compared to those without it at
[AOR=2.88(95% CI:1.43-5.78)]. Parity greater than or equal to five had 2.4
times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesions compared to
women with parity less than five at [AOR=2.41(95% CI: 1.23-4.75)]. History
of steroid use had 3.5 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical
lesion compared with opponents at [AOR=3.5(95% CI: 1.32-9.34) and women with
an Unfavorable attitude towards screening for Cervical cancer screening,
prevention, and control methods had 2.2 times higher odds of developing
precancerous cervical lesion compared their counterpart at [AOR=2.15(95% CI:
1.21-3.83)].
Conclusion
The precancerous cervical lesions continue to be a significant public health
concern in Ethiopia. It will remain a significant cause of death of women
unless effective screening methods like VIA and vaccination against HPV are
scaled up. Furthermore, having a history of menstrual irregularities, STI,
bleeding after coitus, parity greater than ≥5, steroid use, and having an
unfavorable attitude towards screening factors are significantly associated
with the occurrence of the precancerous lesion. Therefore, effective
prevention approaches have to consider these factors for the control of
cervical cancer in the early phase of the lesion.
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