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Londoño-Osorio S, Leon-Carreño L, Cala MP, Sierra-Zapata L. The gut metabolome in a cohort of pregnant and lactating women from Antioquia-Colombia. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1250413. [PMID: 38803424 PMCID: PMC11128665 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1250413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition during the perinatal period is an essential component of health and one that can severely impact the correct development of a human being and its overall condition, in all the subsequent stages of life. The availability of several compounds, mainly macronutrients and micronutrients, plays a key role in the balanced nutrition of both mother and baby and is a process with direct relation to the gut microbiome. Thus, we hereby refer to the set of small molecules derived from gut microbiome metabolism as the gut metabolome. These continuous processes occurring in the gut of a gestating or lactating mother related to microbial communities and nutrients, can be revealed by metabolomics. In this study, we explore for the first time the gut metabolome of pregnant and lactating women, from our region of Antioquia-Colombia, applying untargeted metabolomics by LC-QTOF-MS, and molecular networking. Regarding the gut metabolome composition of the cohort, we found, key metabolites that can be used as biomarkers of microbiome function, overall metabolic health, dietary intake, pharmacology, and lifestyle. In our cohort, pregnant women evidenced a significantly higher abundance of prostaglandins, alkaloids, corticosteroids, organosilicons, and natural toxins, while in lactating women, lipids stand out. Our results suggest that unveiling the metabolic phenotype of the gut microbiome of an individual, by untargeted metabolomics, allows a broad visualization of the chemical space present in this important niche and enables the recognition of influential indicators of the host's health status and habits, especially of women during this significant perinatal period. This study constitutes the first evidence of the use of untargeted LC-QTOF-MS coupled with molecular networking analysis, of the gut microbiome in a Colombian cohort and establishes a methodology for finding relative abundances of key metabolites, with potential use in nutritional and physiological state assessments, for future personalized health and nutrition practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Londoño-Osorio
- CIBIOP Research Group, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Lizeth Leon-Carreño
- MetCore–Metabolomics Core Facility, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mónica P. Cala
- MetCore–Metabolomics Core Facility, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Sierra-Zapata
- CIBIOP Research Group, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia
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Hamshaw I, Straube A, Stark R, Baxter L, Alam MT, Wever WJ, Yin J, Yue Y, Pinton P, Sen A, Ferguson GD, Blanks AM. PGF 2α induces a pro-labour phenotypical switch in human myometrial cells that can be inhibited with PGF 2α receptor antagonists. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1285779. [PMID: 38155905 PMCID: PMC10752971 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1285779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. There has been an interest in developing prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) antagonists as a new treatment for preterm birth, although much of the rationale for their use is based on studies in rodents where PGF2α initiates labour by regressing the corpus luteum and reducing systemic progesterone concentrations. How PGF2α antagonism would act in humans who do not have a fall in systemic progesterone remains unclear. One possibility, in addition to an acute stimulation of contractions, is a direct alteration of the myometrial smooth muscle cell state towards a pro-labour phenotype. In this study, we developed an immortalised myometrial cell line, MYLA, derived from myometrial tissue obtained from a pregnant, non-labouring patient, as well as a novel class of PGF2α receptor (FP) antagonist. We verified the functionality of the cell line by stimulation with PGF2α, resulting in Gαq-specific coupling and Ca2+ release, which were inhibited by FP antagonism. Compared to four published FP receptor antagonists, the novel FP antagonist N582707 was the most potent compound [Fmax 7.67 ± 0.63 (IC50 21.26 nM), AUC 7.30 ± 0.32 (IC50 50.43 nM), and frequency of Ca2+ oscillations 7.66 ± 0.41 (IC50 22.15 nM)]. RNA-sequencing of the MYLA cell line at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post PGF2α treatment revealed a transforming phenotype from a fibroblastic to smooth muscle mRNA profile. PGF2α treatment increased the expression of MYLK, CALD1, and CNN1 as well as the pro-labour genes OXTR, IL6, and IL11, which were inhibited by FP antagonism. Concomitant with the inhibition of a smooth muscle, pro-labour transition, FP antagonism increased the expression of the fibroblast marker genes DCN, FBLN1, and PDGFRA. Our findings suggest that in addition to the well-described acute contractile effect, PGF2α transforms myometrial smooth muscle cells from a myofibroblast to a smooth muscle, pro-labour-like state and that the novel compound N582707 has the potential for prophylactic use in preterm labour management beyond its use as an acute tocolytic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hamshaw
- Clinical Science Research Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Straube
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Stark
- Bioinformatics RTP, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Baxter
- Bioinformatics RTP, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad T. Alam
- Bioinformatics RTP, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jun Yin
- Ferring Research Institute Inc., San Diego, United Kingdom
| | - Yong Yue
- Ferring Research Institute Inc., San Diego, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Pinton
- Ferring Research Institute Inc., San Diego, United Kingdom
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals, International PharmaScience Center, Kastrup, Denmark
| | - Aritro Sen
- Ferring Research Institute Inc., San Diego, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew M. Blanks
- Clinical Science Research Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Galluzzi F, Garavello W. Complications of revision surgery in case of bleeding after thyroid surgery: A systematic review. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2023; 140:171-176. [PMID: 36792445 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review is to evaluate complications in patients undergoing surgical control of bleeding after thyroid surgery. Secondly, we have analyzed the rate of the main complications. METHODS The databases PubMed and EMBASE were searched for articles regarding complications after revision thyroid surgery for bleeding. A Systematic review methodology based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, six are retrospectives and three retrospectives controlled. The overall rate of bleeding after thyroid surgery was 1.38%. In these patients, the most common complication after revision surgery for bleeding is hypoparathyroidism 24.9% (95% CI: 20.7-29.5) followed by recurrent laryngeal nerve injury 8.1% (95% CI: 6.4-10.1) and wound infection 4.5% (95% CI: 2.5-7.6). Tracheostomy and other lethal complications are rarely described. CONCLUSION Although rare, complications after surgical control of bleeding in patients undergoing thyroid surgery can be serious. Therefore, in order to optimize the surgical outcomes, standardized protocol providing early detection and precise hemostasis procedure, is needed. Specific patient-informed consent for this condition should be created.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Galluzzi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.
| | - W Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Gonzalez-Luis GE, Borges-Lujan M, Villamor E. Association between endotypes of prematurity and pharmacological closure of patent ductus arteriosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1078506. [PMID: 36937978 PMCID: PMC10020634 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1078506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endotypes leading to very and extremely preterm birth are clustered into two groups: infection/inflammation and dysfunctional placentation. We conducted a systematic review of observational studies exploring the association between these two endotypes and the pharmacological closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) induced by cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors. Chorioamnionitis represented the infectious-inflammatory endotype, while dysfunctional placentation proxies were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and small for gestational age (SGA) or intrauterine growth restriction. Methods PubMed/Medline and Embase databases were searched. The random-effects odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for each association. We included 30 studies (12,639 infants). Results Meta-analysis showed a significant association between exposure to HDP and increased rate of pharmacological closure of PDA (17 studies, OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.81, p = 0.006). In contrast, neither chorioamnionitis (13 studies, OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.47-1.18, p = 0.211) nor SGA (17 studies, OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.96-1.50, p = 0.115) were significantly associated with the response to therapy. Subgroup analyses showed that the higher response to COX inhibitors in the HDP group was significant for indomethacin (OR 1.568, 95% CI 1.147-2.141, p = 0.005) but not for ibuprofen (OR 1.107, 95% CI 0.248-4.392, p = 0.894) or for the studies using both drugs (OR 1.280, 95% CI 0.935-1.751, p = 0.124). However, meta-regression showed that this difference between the drugs was not statistically significant (p = 0.404). Discussion/Conclusion Our data suggest that the pathologic condition that triggers prematurity may alter the response to pharmacological treatment of PDA. The DA of infants exposed to HDP appears to be more responsive to COX inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema E Gonzalez-Luis
- Department of Neonatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil (CHUIMI) de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Moreyba Borges-Lujan
- Department of Neonatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil (CHUIMI) de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht, Netherlands
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Villamor E, Borges-Luján M, González-Luis G. Association of patent ductus arteriosus with fetal factors and endotypes of prematurity. Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151717. [PMID: 36914506 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
During fetal life, the ductus arteriosus (DA) acquires the mechanisms for its postnatal closure following a thorough developmental program. This program can be interrupted by preterm birth and is also susceptible to alteration during fetal life by numerous physiological and pathological stimuli. In this review, we aim to summarize the evidence on how physiological and pathological factors affect DA development, eventually leading to patent DA (PDA). Specifically, we reviewed the associations of sex, race, and pathophysiological pathways leading to very preterm birth (endotypes) with PDA incidence and pharmacological closure. Summary of evidence suggests that there are no male-female differences in the incidence of PDA among very preterm infants. In contrast, risk of developing PDA appears to be higher in infants exposed to chorioamnionitis or who are small for gestational age. Finally, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy may be associated with a better response to pharmacological treatment of PDA. All of this evidence comes from observational studies and therefore associations do not imply causation. The current trend for many neonatologists is to wait for the natural evolution of preterm PDA. Continued research is needed to identify which fetal and perinatal factors modulate the eventual late closure of PDA in very and extremely preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Reproduction (GROW), University of Maastricht, P. Debyelaan 25. P.O. Box 5800, Maastricht, AZ 6202, the Netherlands.
| | - Moreyba Borges-Luján
- Department of Neonatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil (CHUIMI) de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Gema González-Luis
- Department of Neonatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil (CHUIMI) de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Prostanoid Metabolites as Biomarkers in Human Disease. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080721. [PMID: 36005592 PMCID: PMC9414732 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGD2, PGE2, PGF2α), prostacyclin (PGI2), and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) together form the prostanoid family of lipid mediators. As autacoids, these five primary prostanoids propagate intercellular signals and are involved in many physiological processes. Furthermore, alterations in their biosynthesis accompany a wide range of pathological conditions, which leads to substantially increased local levels during disease. Primary prostanoids are chemically instable and rapidly metabolized. Their metabolites are more stable, integrate the local production on a systemic level, and their analysis in various biological matrices yields valuable information under different pathological settings. Therefore, prostanoid metabolites may be used as diagnostic, predictive, or prognostic biomarkers in human disease. Although their potential as biomarkers is great and extensive research has identified major prostanoid metabolites that serve as target analytes in different biofluids, the number of studies that correlate prostanoid metabolite levels to disease outcome is still limited. We review the metabolism of primary prostanoids in humans, summarize the levels of prostanoid metabolites in healthy subjects, and highlight existing biomarker studies. Since analysis of prostanoid metabolites is challenging because of ongoing metabolism and limited half-lives, an emphasis of this review lies on the reliable measurement and interpretation of obtained levels.
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