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Amoak D, Konkor I, Mohammed K, Saaka SA, Antabe R. Exposure to mass media family planning messages among men in Nigeria: analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey data. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15391. [PMID: 37273544 PMCID: PMC10237178 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Family planning (FP) is essential for improving health and achieving reproductive goals. Although men are important participants in FP decision-making within households in Nigeria, a country with one of the highest rates of maternal mortality, we know very little about their exposure to mass media FP messages. Methods Drawing theoretical insights from the structural influence model of health communication and using the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (n = 13,294), and applying logistic regression analysis, we explored the factors associated with men's exposure to mass media FP messages in Nigeria. Results A range of socioeconomic, locational, and demographic factors were associated with men's exposure to mass media FP messages. For example, wealthier, more educated, and employed men were more likely to be exposed to mass media FP messages than their poorer, less educated, and unemployed counterparts. In addition, compared to those in rural areas and other regions, men in urban areas as well as South East Region, were more likely to be exposed to mass media FP messages. Finally, younger men and those who belong to the traditional religion were less likely to be exposed to mass media FP messages, compared to their older and Christian counterparts. Conclusions Based on these findings, we discuss implications and recommendations for policymakers as well as directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Amoak
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Roger Antabe
- University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
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Osuafor GN, Akokuwebe ME, Idemudia ES. Male Involvement in Family Planning Decisions in Malawi and Tanzania: What Are the Determinants? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5053. [PMID: 36981959 PMCID: PMC10048949 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The participation of males in joint spousal decisions is urgently needed in achieving the fundamental indicators of reproductive health. The low involvement of males in family planning (FP) decision-making is a major determining factor in low FP usage in Malawi and Tanzania. Despite this, there are inconsistent findings regarding the extent of male involvement and the determinants that aid male participation in FP decisions in these two countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of male involvement in FP decisions and its associated determinants within the household context in Malawi and Tanzania. We used data from the 2015-2016 Malawi and Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) to examine the prevalence and the determinants inhibiting male involvement in FP decisions. The total sample size of 7478 from Malawi and 3514 males from Tanzania aged 15-54 years was employed in the analysis by STATA version 17. Descriptive (graphs, tables and means), bi-variate (chi-square) and logistic regression analyses (unadjusted (U) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR)) were performed to identify the determinants associated with male involvement in FP decisions. The mean age of respondents in Malawi was 32 years (±8 SD) and in Tanzania, 36 years (±6 SD), with the prevalence of male involvement in FP decisions being 53.0% in Malawi and 26.6% in Tanzania. Being aged 35-44 years [AOR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.59-2.05] and 45-54 years [AOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.22-1.67], educated (secondary/higher) [AOR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.31-1.99], having access to media information [AOR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.21-1.51] and having a female head of household [AOR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.70-1.90] were determinant factors of male involvement in FP decisions in Malawi. Primary education [AOR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.39-2.72], having a middle wealth index ranking [AOR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.17-1.81], being married [AOR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.38-1.90] and working [AOR = 2.86; 95% CI: 2.10-3.88] were higher predictors of male involvement in FP decisions in Tanzania. Increasing the role of males in FP decisions and involvement in FP utilization may improve uptake and continuity of FP usage. Therefore, the findings from this cross-sectional study will support redesigning the ineffective strategic FP programs that accommodate socio-demographic determinants that may increase the likelihood of male involvement in FP decisions, especially in the grassroots settings in Malawi and Tanzania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godswill Nwabuisi Osuafor
- Department of Population Studies and Demography, North-West University, Mafikeng 2735, South Africa;
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Appiah B, Gebretsadik LA, Mamo A, Kmush B, Asefa Y, France CR, Samman E, Alemayehu T, Abafogi M, Ahmed MK, Forastiere L, Singh GK, Larsen D. A 10+10+30 radio campaign is associated with increased infant vaccination and decreased morbidity in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: A prospective, quasi-experimental trial. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0001002. [PMID: 36962651 PMCID: PMC10021526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mass media interventions have the potential to reach large audiences and influence health behaviours and outcomes. To date, no study has evaluated the effect of a radio-only campaign on infant vaccination coverage, timeliness, and related morbidity in a low-income country. We implemented the "10+10+30" radio campaign involving broadcasting a weekly 10-minute radio drama series on vaccination, followed by a 10-minute discussion by community health workers, and then a 30-minute listener phone-in segment in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia for three months. To assess the impact of 10+10+30, which was aired on a community radio station, we recruited mothers of infants up to 5 weeks old in intervention district clusters that were inside the radio station's reception range (n = 328 dyads) and control district clusters that were outside of the range (n = 332 dyads). Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, adjusted for pre-intervention differences between the districts, were conducted to examine the co-primary outcome of Penta-3 vaccination coverage and timeliness as well as those of other vaccines and outcomes related to infant morbidity. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses revealed higher vaccine coverage (p<0.001) and more timely vaccine administration (p<0.001) in the intervention district relative to the control district, with infants in the intervention district being 39% more likely to receive a Penta 3 vaccination (adjusted RR: 1.39, p<0.001). In addition, adjusted regression analyses of maternal retrospective reports over a two-week period revealed 80% less infant diarrhoea (RR: 0.20, p<0.001), 40% less fever (RR: 0.60, p<0.001) and 58% less cough (RR: 0.42, p<0.001) in the intervention district relative to the control district. This study provides compelling initial evidence that a radio drama integrated with discussion and phone-in components may improve infant vaccination coverage and timeliness, and may reduce infant morbidity. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm and extend these findings with other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Appiah
- Department of Public Health, Research Program on Health Communication and Public Engagement (H-COPE), Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Centre for Science and Health Communication, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Abebe Mamo
- Department of Health, Behaviour & Society, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia
| | - Brittany Kmush
- Department of Public Health, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Yisalemush Asefa
- Department of Health Management & Policy, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia
| | - Christopher R France
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Elfreda Samman
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tena Alemayehu
- Department of Theatre Arts, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia
| | | | - Md Koushik Ahmed
- Department of Public Health, Research Program on Health Communication and Public Engagement (H-COPE), Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Gursimar Kaur Singh
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - David Larsen
- Department of Public Health, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
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