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Xiao Y, Wang X, Li Z, Lei C, Wang S. Insecticidal potential and risk assessment of diamide pesticides against Spodoptera frugiperda in maize crops. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116682. [PMID: 39002380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of pesticides must be established before their scientific or rational. This study evaluates the field control efficacy of broflanilide, tetraniliprole, and chlorantraniliprole in combating Spodoptera frugiperda in maize crops, as well as the resistance of S. frugiperda to these three diamide pesticides after exposure. By assessing field control efficiency, toxicity, effects on development and reproduction, and detoxification enzyme activity of these diamide pesticides on S. frugiperda, highlights broflanilide's significant insecticidal potential. A highly sensitive and efficient method using QuEChERS/HPLCMS/MS was developed to simultaneously detect residues of these three pesticides on maize. Initial concentrations of broflanilide, tetraniliprole, and chlorantraniliprole ranged from 2.13 to 4.02 mg/kg, with their respective half-lives varying between 1.23 and 1.51 days. Following foliar application, by the time of harvest, the terminal residue concentrations of these pesticides were all under 0.01 mg/kg. Chronic dietary intake risk assessments and cumulative chronic dietary exposure for three pesticides indicated that the general population's terminal residue concentration was within acceptable limits. Not only does this research provide valuable insights into field control efficiency, insecticidal effects, resistance, residues, and risk assessment results of broflanilide, tetraniliprole, and chlorantraniliprole on maize, but additionally, it also paves the way for setting suitable Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) values based on pre-harvest interval values, rational dosage, and application frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xiao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Chunmei Lei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Shi Z, Luo M, Yuan J, Gao B, Yang M, Wang G. CRISPR/Cas9-Based Functional Characterization of SfUGT50A15 Reveals Its Roles in the Resistance of Spodoptera frugiperda to Chlorantraniliprole, Emamectin Benzoate, and Benzoxazinoids. INSECTS 2024; 15:314. [PMID: 38786870 PMCID: PMC11122625 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are a diverse superfamily of enzymes. Insects utilize uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDP-glucose) as a glycosyl donor for glycosylation in vivo, involved in the glycosylation of lipophilic endosymbionts and xenobiotics, including phytotoxins. UGTs act as second-stage detoxification metabolizing enzymes, which are essential for the detoxification metabolism of insecticides and benzoxazine compounds. However, the UGT genes responsible for specific glycosylation functions in S. frugiperda are unclear at present. In this study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to produce a SfUGT50A15-KO strain to explore its possible function in governing sensitivity to chemical insecticides or benzoxazinoids. The bioassay results suggested that the SfUGT50A15-KO strain was significantly more sensitive to chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, and benzoxazinoids than the wild-type strains. This finding suggests that the overexpression of the SfUGT50A15 gene may be linked to S. frugiperda resistance to pesticides (chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate) as well as benzoxazinoids (BXDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Shi
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; (Z.S.); (M.L.); (J.Y.); (B.G.); (M.Y.)
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Henan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Mei Luo
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; (Z.S.); (M.L.); (J.Y.); (B.G.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jinxi Yuan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; (Z.S.); (M.L.); (J.Y.); (B.G.); (M.Y.)
| | - Bin Gao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; (Z.S.); (M.L.); (J.Y.); (B.G.); (M.Y.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agri-Environmental and Agri-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Minghuan Yang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; (Z.S.); (M.L.); (J.Y.); (B.G.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management—Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guirong Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; (Z.S.); (M.L.); (J.Y.); (B.G.); (M.Y.)
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Ul Haq I, Zhang KX, Gou Y, Hajjar D, Makki AA, Alkherb WAH, Ali H, Liu C. Transcriptomic and biochemical insights into fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda) responses on silicon-treated maize. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16859. [PMID: 38410805 PMCID: PMC10896081 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is an agricultural pest of significant economic concern globally, known for its adaptability, pesticide resistance, and damage to key crops such as maize. Conventional chemical pesticides pose challenges, including the development of resistance and environmental pollution. The study aims to investigate an alternative solution: the application of soluble silicon (Si) sources to enhance plant resistance against the fall armyworm. Methods Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and potassium silicate (K2SiO3) were applied to maize plants via foliar spray. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses were performed to study the gene expression changes in the fall armyworm feeding on Si-treated maize. Results Results indicated a significant impact on gene expression, with a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in both SiO2 and K2SiO3 treatments. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis identified critical DEGs involved in specific pathways, including amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, energy, xenobiotics metabolisms, signal transduction, and posttranslational modification, significantly altered at both Si sources. Biochemical analyses further revealed that Si treatments inhibited several enzyme activities (glutamate dehydrogenase, trehalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, chitinase, juvenile hormone esterase, and cyclooxygenase while simultaneously inducing others (total protein, lipopolysaccharide, fatty acid synthase, ATPase, and cytochrome P450), thus suggesting a toxic effect on the fall armyworm. In conclusion, Si applications on maize influence the gene expression and biochemical activities of the fall armyworm, potentially offering a sustainable pest management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inzamam Ul Haq
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ke-Xin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuping Gou
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dina Hajjar
- College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa A Makki
- College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa A H Alkherb
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habib Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Changzhong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Obala F, Mohamed SA, Magomere TO, Subramanian S. Old and new association of Cotesia icipe (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with alien invasive and native Spodoptera species and key stemborer species: implication for their management. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:5312-5320. [PMID: 37605965 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize production in Africa is hindered by a myriad of biotic challenges, key among them being invasive and native lepidopteran stemborers. Recent invasion of the continent by fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, has further exacerbated the situation. Fortunately, Cotesia icipe was found to be very promising against S. frugiperda. However, the co-occurrence and interaction between S. frugiperda and the stemborers (Busseola fusca, Sesamia calamistis, and Chilo partellus) in maize agroecosystem may jeopardize the efficiency of C. icipe as a biocontrol agent of S. frugiperda. This study investigated the performance of C. icipe on S. frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis and the stemborers. Specifically, the preference and acceptability of C. icipe to the host insects, the physiological suitability of the hosts for its development, and the effect of these hosts on the fitness parameters of the offspring were assessed. RESULTS Cotesia icipe accepted all the tested hosts, albeit with higher preference for Spodoptera species than for stemborers under multiple-choice tests. Also, the highest parasitism of up to 97% was recorded on S. frugiperda compared with parasitism on the stemborers of 43% in B. fusca. Moreover, physiological suitability and fitness traits (except for per cent female offspring) varied with host species, again being optimal on Spodoptera species. CONCLUSION Cotesia icipe demonstrated strong potential to control S. frugiperda in maize due to its high affinity for parasitization and developmental success in this host; and despite its non-specific parasitization, the presence of other hosts may not prevent its maximum control of S. frugiperda. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Obala
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Samira A Mohamed
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Titus Obidi Magomere
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sevgan Subramanian
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
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Kariñho-Betancourt E, Vázquez-Lobo A, Núñez-Farfán J. Effect of Plant Defenses and Plant Nutrients on the Performance of Specialist and Generalist Herbivores of Datura: A Macroevolutionary Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2611. [PMID: 37514225 PMCID: PMC10384791 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Macroevolutionary patterns in the association between plant species and their herbivores result from ecological divergence promoted by, among other factors, plants' defenses and nutritional quality, and herbivore adaptations. Here, we assessed the performance of the herbivores Lema trilineata daturaphila, a trophic specialist on Datura, and Spodoptera frugiperda, a polyphagous pest herbivore, when fed with species of Datura. We used comparative phylogenetics and multivariate methods to examine the effects of Datura species' tropane alkaloids, leaf trichomes, and plant macronutrients on the two herbivores´ performances (amount of food consumed, number of damaged leaves, larval biomass increment, and larval growth efficiency). The results indicate that species of Datura do vary in their general suitability as food host for the two herbivores. Overall, the specialist performs better than the generalist herbivore across Datura species, and performance of both herbivores is associated with suites of plant defenses and nutrient characteristics. Leaf trichomes and major alkaloids of the Datura species are strongly related to herbivores' food consumption and biomass increase. Although hyoscyamine better predicts the key components of the performance of the specialist herbivore, scopolamine better predicts the performance of the generalist; however, only leaf trichomes are implicated in most performance components of the two herbivores. Nutrient quality more widely predicts the performance of the generalist herbivore. The contrasting effects of plant traits and the performances of herbivores could be related to adaptive differences to cope with plant toxins and achieve nutrient balance and evolutionary trade-offs and synergisms between plant traits to deal with a diverse community of herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Kariñho-Betancourt
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Vázquez-Lobo
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Juan Núñez-Farfán
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Idrees A, Afzal A, Qadir ZA, Li J. Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1107434. [PMID: 36969609 PMCID: PMC10031024 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1107434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize is an essential crop of China. The recent invasion of Spodoptera frugiperda, also known as fall armyworm (FAW), poses a danger to the country’s ability to maintain a sustainable level of productivity from this core crop. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae MA, Penicillium citrinum CTD-28 and CTD-2, Cladosporium sp. BM-8, Aspergillus sp. SE-25 and SE-5, Metarhizium sp. CA-7, and Syncephalastrum racemosum SR-23 were tested to determine their effectiveness in causing mortality in second instars, eggs, and neonate larvae. Metarhizium anisopliae MA, P. citrinum CTD-28, and Cladosporium sp. BM-8 caused the highest levels of egg mortality, with 86.0, 75.3, and 70.0%, respectively, followed by Penicillium sp. CTD-2 (60.0%). Additionally, M. anisopliae MA caused the highest neonatal mortality of 57.1%, followed by P. citrinum CTD-28 (40.7%). In addition, M. anisopliae MA, P. citrinum CTD-28, and Penicillium sp. CTD-2 decreased the feeding efficacy of second instar larvae of FAW by 77.8, 75.0, and 68.1%, respectively, followed by Cladosporium sp. BM-8 (59.7%). It is possible that EPF will play an important role as microbial agents against FAW after further research is conducted on the effectiveness of these EPF in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Idrees
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Institute of Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ayesha Afzal
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ziyad Abdul Qadir
- Honeybee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Li,
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Yan J, Liu H, Idrees A, Chen F, Lu H, Ouyang G, Meng X. First Record of Aspergillus fijiensis as an Entomopathogenic Fungus against Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1222. [PMID: 36422043 PMCID: PMC9697456 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is the most widespread and devastating pest species in citrus orchards and is the natural vector of the phloem-limited bacterium that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. Thus, reducing the population of D. citri is an important means to prevent the spread of HLB disease. Due to the long-term use of chemical control, biological control has become the most promising strategy. In this study, a novel highly pathogenic fungal strain was isolated from naturally infected cadavers of adult D. citri. The species was identified as Aspergillus fijiensis using morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis and assigned the strain name GDIZM-1. Tests to detect aflatoxin B1 demonstrated that A. fijiensis GDIZM-1 is a non-aflatoxin B1 producer. The pathogenicity of the strain against D. citri was determined under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The results of the laboratory study indicated that nymphs from the 1st to 5th instar and adults of D. citri were infected by A. fijiensis GDIZM-1. The mortality of nymphs and adults of D. citri caused by infection with A. fijiensis increased with the concentration of the conidial suspension and exposure time, and the median lethal concentration (LC50) and median lethal time (LT50) values gradually decreased. The mortality of D. citri for all instars was higher than 70%, with high pathogenicity at the 7th day post treatment with 1 × 108 conidia/mL. The results of the greenhouse pathogenicity tests showed that the survival of D. citri adults was 3.33% on the 14th day post-treatment with 1 × 108 conidia/mL, which was significantly lower than that after treatment with the Metarhizium anisopliae GDIZMMa-3 strain and sterile water. The results of the present study revealed that the isolate of A. fijiensis GDIZM-1 was effective against D. citri and it provides a basis for the development of a new microbial pesticide against D. citri after validation of these results in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Yan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Atif Idrees
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Fenghao Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huilin Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Gecheng Ouyang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China
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Altaf N, Idrees A, Ullah MI, Arshad M, Afzal A, Afzal M, Rizwan M, Li J. Biotic Potential Induced by Different Host Plants in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13100921. [PMID: 36292869 PMCID: PMC9604044 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect pest of many important crops. To evaluate the influence of host plants on the biology and survival of the Pakistani population of S. frugiperda, we examined life table parameters of S. frugiperda raised on maize, sorghum, wheat, and rice. The development rate was significantly higher on the maize crop than on the other three host plants. Different larval diets affected development time and fecundity. S. frugiperda attained the fastest larval development (16 days) on maize and the slowest development (32.74 days) on rice. Adult females from maize-fed larvae laid 1088 eggs/female, those from sorghum-fed larvae laid 591.6 eggs/female, those from wheat-fed larvae laid 435.6 eggs/female, and those from rice-fed larvae laid 49.6 eggs/female. Age stage-specific parameters also indicated the higher fecundity, higher life expectancy, and higher survival of S. frugiperda on maize plants than on the other three hosts. Larval diets had a significant varying effect on the finite and intrinsic increase rates, reflecting that maize was the most suitable diet. The findings of the present study are useful for predicting population dynamics especially in areas cultivating Poaceae crops, except maize, to develop sustainable integrated pest management strategies for this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimra Altaf
- Department of Entomology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Atif Idrees
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | | | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Entomology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Afzal
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 1-Km Defense Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Entomology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Beekeeping and Hill Fruit Pests Research Station, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Correspondence:
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9
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Akhtar ZR, Afzal A, Idrees A, Zia K, Qadir ZA, Ali S, Haq IU, Ghramh HA, Niaz Y, Tahir MB, Arshad M, Li J. Lethal, Sub-Lethal and Trans-Generational Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on Biological Parameters, Demographic Traits, and Fitness Costs of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:881. [PMID: 36292828 PMCID: PMC9603994 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797)] was first reported in the Americas, then spread to all the continents of the world. Chemical insecticides are frequently employed in managing fall armyworms. These insecticides have various modes of actions and target sites to kill the insects. Chlorantraniliprole is a selective insecticide with a novel mode of action and is used against Lepidopteran, Coleopteran, Isopteran, and Dipteran pests. This study determined chlorantraniliprole's lethal, sub-lethal, and trans-generational effects on two consecutive generations (F0, F1, and F2) of the fall armyworm. Bioassays revealed that chlorantraniliprole exhibited higher toxicity against fall armyworms with a LC50 of 2.781 mg/L after 48 h of exposure. Significant differences were noted in the biological parameters of fall armyworms in all generations. Sub-lethal concentrations of chlorantraniliprole showed prolonged larval and adult durations. The parameters related to the fitness cost in F0 and F1 generations showed non-significant differences. In contrast, the F2 generation showed lower fecundity at lethal (71 eggs/female) and sub-lethal (94 eggs/female) doses of chlorantraniliprole compared to the control (127.5-129.3 eggs/female). Age-stage specific survival rate (Sxj), life expectancy (Exj) and reproductive rate (Vxj) significantly differed among insecticide-treated groups in all generations compared to the control. A comparison of treated and untreated insects over generations indicated substantial differences in demographic parameters such as net reproduction rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and mean generation time (T). Several biological and demographic parameters were shown to be negatively impacted by chlorantraniliprole. We conclude that chlorantraniliprole may be utilized to manage fall armyworms with lesser risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunnu Raen Akhtar
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Afzal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 1-Km Defense Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Atif Idrees
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Khuram Zia
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Office of Research, Innovation & Commercialization (ORIC), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ziyad Abdul Qadir
- Honeybee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Shahbaz Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Inzamam Ul Haq
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hamed A. Ghramh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Niaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
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Idrees A, Afzal A, Qadir ZA, Li J. Bioassays of Beauveria bassiana Isolates against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070717. [PMID: 35887472 PMCID: PMC9324617 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of Spodoptera frugiperda, the key invasive pest of maize, is a serious concern due to its biology and the current global restriction on applying synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered to be a potential biological control strategy. The pathogenicity of 12 isolates of Beauveria bassiana in the immature stages and feeding efficacy of S. frugiperda were evaluated. The B. bassiana isolates QB-3.45, QB-3.46 and QB-3.428 caused the highest egg mortality rates of 87.3, 82.7 and 79.3%, respectively, when applied at a concentration of 1 × 108 conidia/mL and measured at 7 days post-treatment. Neonate mortality rates of 45.6 to 53.6% were observed with the same isolates. The B. bassiana isolates caused significant cumulative mortality rates ranging from 71.3 to 93.3% at 14 days post-treatment and reduced larval feeding efficacy from 69.4 to 77.8% at 48 h post-treatment. This study supports using the effective B. bassiana isolates as a biological control agent against S. frugiperda. The significant mortality of the eggs and neonatal larvae and the reduction in the feeding efficacy of the second instar larvae of the S. frugiperda that were treated with isolates of B. bassiana supports the application of entomopathogenic fungi as a biocontrol agent for the effective control of the S. frugiperda population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Idrees
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China; (A.I.); (A.A.)
| | - Ayesha Afzal
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China; (A.I.); (A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 1-Km Defense Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ziyad Abdul Qadir
- Honeybee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China; (A.I.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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